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Realism (art Movement)
Realism was an artistic movement that emerged in France in the 1840s. Realists rejected Romanticism, which had dominated French literature and art since the early 19th century. The artist Gustave Courbet, the original proponent of Realism, sought to portray real and typical contemporary people and situations with truth and accuracy, not avoiding unpleasant or sordid aspects of life. Realism revolted against the exotic subject matter, exaggerated emotionalism, and the drama of the Romantic movement, often focusing on unidealized subjects and events that were previously rejected in artwork. Realist works depicted people of all social classes in situations that arise in ordinary life, and often reflected the changes brought by the Industrial and Commercial Revolutions. Realism was primarily concerned with how things appeared to the eye, rather than containing ideal representations of the world. Realism spread to other countries, maintaining similar principles with some differences ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustave Courbet - The Stonebreakers - WGA05457
Gustav, Gustaf or Gustave may refer to: *Gustav (name), a male given name of Old Swedish origin Art, entertainment, and media *Primeval (film), ''Primeval'' (film), a 2007 American horror film *Gustav (film series), ''Gustav'' (film series), a Hungarian series of animated short cartoons *Gustav (Zoids), Gustav (''Zoids''), a transportation mecha in the ''Zoids'' fictional universe *Gustav, a character in ''Sesamstraße'' *Monsieur Gustav H., a leading character in ''The Grand Budapest Hotel'' * Gustaf (band), Gustaf, an American art punk band from Brooklyn, New York. Weapons *Carl Gustav recoilless rifle, dubbed "the Gustav" by US soldiers *Schwerer Gustav, 800-mm German siege cannon used during World War II Other uses *Gustav (pigeon), a pigeon of the RAF pigeon service in WWII *Gustave (crocodile), a large male Nile crocodile in Burundi *Gustave, South Dakota *Hurricane Gustav (other), a name used for several tropical cyclones and storms *Gustav, a streetwear clothing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honoré De Balzac
Honoré de Balzac ( , more commonly ; ; born Honoré Balzac; 20 May 1799 – 18 August 1850) was a French novelist and playwright. The novel sequence ''La Comédie humaine'', which presents a panorama of post-Napoleonic French life, is generally viewed as his ''Masterpiece, magnum opus''. Owing to his keen observation of detail and unfiltered representation of society, Balzac is regarded as one of the founders of Literary realism, realism in European literature. He is renowned for his multi-faceted characters; even his lesser characters are complex, morally ambiguous and fully human. Inanimate objects are imbued with character as well; the city of Paris, a backdrop for much of his writing, takes on many human qualities. His writing influenced many famous writers, including the novelists Émile Zola, Charles Dickens, Marcel Proust, Gustave Flaubert, and Henry James, and filmmakers François Truffaut and Jacques Rivette. Many of Balzac's works have been made into films an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Sommeil
(translated in English variously as ''The Sleepers'' and ''Sleep'') is an eroticDorothy M. KosinskiGustave Courbet's ''The Sleepers.'' The Lesbian Image in Nineteenth Century French Art and Literature Artibus et Historiae, Vol. 9, No. 18 (1988), p.187 oil painting on canvas by French artist Gustave Courbet created in 1866. The painting, which depicts a lesbian couple, is also known as ''The Two Friends'' (''Les Deux Amies'') and ''Indolence and Lust'' (''Paresse et Luxure''). History was originally commissioned by the Turkish diplomat and art collector of the late Ottoman era, Halil Åžerif PaÅŸa, who had lived in Paris since 1860.Le Sommeil The paint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Sower (Millet)
''The Sower'' is an oil painting by the French artist Jean-François Millet from 1850. It is one of several versions of the theme that he painted. The work has been in the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston since 1917. History Millet moved to Barbizon in 1849, a village in the Fontainebleau forest, outside Paris. There he was part of the artist group of the School of Barbizon, which painted subdued realistic landscapes and motifs in contrast to the traditional romantic dramatic landscape and painting. Millet was himself a farmer's son and described with dignity and seriousness the hard-working life of the rural population. His paintings have sometimes been perceived as sentimental. At the time, however, they were considered radical because of their social realism. Large-scale depiction of simple agricultural workers was new and controversial in the Paris' art establishment. Millet was often questioned for his "ugly" motifs. Description The painting depicts a peasa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
After Dinner At Ornans
''After Dinner at Ornans'' (French: ''L'Après-dînée à Ornans'') is an oil-on-canvas painting by the French Realist artist Gustave Courbet, painted in winter 1848–1849 in Ornans. It is now in the Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille. Its dimensions are 195 by 257 cm. It was the first of Courbet's imposing paintings of Ornans subjects; others include '' The Stone Breakers'' and '' A Burial at Ornans''.Faunce, Sarah; Nochlin, Linda (1988). ''Courbet Reconsidered''. Brooklyn, NY: Brooklyn Museum. p. 83. . ''After Dinner at Ornans'' shows the influence of earlier French masters of genre painting such as Le Nain and Chardin. Courbet exhibited it in the Salon of 1849, where it won a medal and was purchased by the state. One of the first major paintings by Pierre-Auguste Renoir Pierre-Auguste Renoir (; ; 25 February 1841 – 3 December 1919) was a French people, French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionism, Impressionist style. As a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Third Class Carriage
''The Third-Class Carriage'' (French: "Le Wagon de troisième classe") is the name of at least three oil paintings entitled made by the French painter Honoré Daumier. In a realistic manner, Daumier depicts the poverty and fortitude of working class travellers in a third class railway carriage. One oil-on canvas version, dated to but left unfinished, is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, and a similar but completed painting dated to is in the National Gallery of Canada in Ottawa. A third oil-on-panel version, dated to , with a different arrangement of the main three figures, is held by the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco. Background Daumier had drawn and painted images of rail travel since the 1840s, focussing on the people travelling rather than the conveyances. His series of lithographs, ''Les Chemins de Fer'' ("the railway") was published in the French magazine ''Le Charivari'' from 1843 to 1858, including prints published in December 185 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Gleaners
''The Gleaners'' (''Des glaneuses'') is an oil painting by Jean-François Millet completed in 1857. It is held in the Musée d'Orsay, in Paris. It depicts three peasant women gleaning a field of stray stalks of wheat after the harvest. The painting is famous for featuring in a sympathetic way what were then the lowest ranks of rural society; it was received poorly by the French upper classes. History Millet's ''The Gleaners'' was preceded by a vertical painting of the image in 1854 and an etching in 1855. Millet unveiled ''The Gleaners'' at the Salon in 1857. It immediately drew negative criticism from the middle and upper classes, who viewed the topic with suspicion: one art critic, speaking for other Parisians, perceived in it an alarming intimation of "the scaffolds of 1793." Having recently come out of the French Revolution of 1848, these prosperous classes saw the painting as glorifying the lower-class worker. To them, it was a reminder that French society was built upon t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Burial At Ornans
''A Burial at Ornans'' (, also known as ''A Funeral at Ornans'') is a painting of 1849–50 by Gustave Courbet. It is widely regarded as a major turning point in 19th-century French art. The painting records a funeral in Courbet's birthplace, the small town of Ornans. It treats an ordinary, provincial funeral with frank realism, and on the grand scale traditionally reserved for the heroic or religious scenes of history painting. Its exhibition at the 1850–51 Paris Salon created an "explosive reaction" and brought Courbet instant fame.Mack, Gerstle (1989). ''Gustave Courbet''. Da Capo. p. 88-93. . It is currently displayed at the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, France Background Creation Courbet likely drew inspiration from two different types of sources. One is seventeenth-century Dutch group portraits, such as ''Banquet of Captain Bicker'' (1648), ''Company of Captain Allaert Cloek'' (1632), or '' Meagre Company'' (1637).Fried, Michael. “The Structure of Beholding in Courbet's †... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Popular Print
Popular prints is a term for printing, printed images of generally low artistic quality which were sold cheaply in Europe and later the New World from the 15th to 18th centuries, often with text as well as images. They were some of the earliest examples of mass media. After about 1800, the types and quantity of images greatly increased, but other terms are usually used to categorise them. 15th century From about 1400, there began a "visual revolution that inundated Europe with images during the fifteenth century" (Field) as the woodcut technique was applied to paper, which was now manufactured in Christian Europe, instead of being imported from Islamic Spain. In the 15th century, the great majority of these images were religious, if playing cards are excluded. They were sold at churches, fairs and places of pilgrimage. Most were coloured, usually crudely, by hand or later by stencil. One political cartoon relating to events in 1468–1470 has survived in several different vers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titian
Tiziano Vecellio (; 27 August 1576), Latinized as Titianus, hence known in English as Titian ( ), was an Italian Renaissance painter, the most important artist of Renaissance Venetian painting. He was born in Pieve di Cadore, near Belluno. Titian was one of the most versatile of Italian painters, equally adept with portraits, landscape backgrounds, and mythological and religious subjects. His painting methods, particularly in the application and use of colour, exerted a profound influence not only on painters of the late Italian Renaissance, but on future generations of Art of Europe, Western artists. His career was successful from the start, and he became sought after by patrons, initially from Venice and its possessions, then joined by the north Italian princes, and finally the Habsburgs and the papacy. Along with Giorgione, he is considered a founder of the Venetian school of Italian Renaissance painting. In 1590, the painter and art theorist Giovanni Paolo Lomazzo describe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rembrandt
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (; ; 15 July 1606 – 4 October 1669), mononymously known as Rembrandt was a Dutch Golden Age painter, printmaker, and Drawing, draughtsman. He is generally considered one of the greatest visual artists in the history of Art of Europe, Western art.Gombrich, p. 420. It is estimated that Rembrandt's surviving works amount to about three hundred paintings, three hundred etchings and several hundred drawings. Unlike most Dutch painters of the 17th century, Rembrandt's works depict a wide range of styles and subject matter, from portrait painting, portraits and self-portraits to landscapes, genre scenes, allegorical and historical scenes, biblical and mythological subjects and animal studies. His contributions to art came in a period that historians call the Dutch Golden Age. Rembrandt never went abroad but was considerably influenced by the work of the Italian Old Masters and Bentvueghels, Dutch and Flemish artists who had studied in Italy. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Stone Breakers
''The Stone Breakers'' (), also known as ''Stonebreakers'', was an 1849 oil painting on canvas by the French painter Gustave Courbet. Now destroyed, the image remains an often-cited example of the artistic movement Realism. The painting was exhibited at the 1850 Paris Salon where it was criticized by for its depiction of a subject that was not considered proper for high art. Some critics disliked Courbet's application of very thick paint and the poor lighting in the image. Conversely, social theorist Pierre-Joseph Proudhon praised the work and saw it as a successful socialist painting. He called the composition "a masterpiece in its genre". By 1915, it was considered to be a very "important work". Courbet produced two versions of the painting. The version displayed at the 1850 Paris Salon was in the collection of the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister in Dresden. At the time of its acquisition by the museum, the painting was referred to as "Courbet's monumental masterpiece". It h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
