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People's Republic Of Bulgaria
The People's Republic of Bulgaria (PRB; , NRB; ) was the official name of Bulgaria when it was a socialist republic from 1946 to 1990, ruled by the Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP; ) together with its coalition partner, the Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union. Bulgaria was closely allied and one of the most loyal satellite states of the Soviet Union during the Cold War, sometimes being called the 16th Soviet Republic rather than an independent country. Bulgaria was also part of Comecon as well as a member of the Warsaw Pact. The Bulgarian resistance movement during World War II deposed the Tsardom of Bulgaria administration in the Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944 which ended the country's alliance with the Axis powers and led to the People's Republic in 1946. The BCP modeled its policies after those of the Soviet Union, transforming the country over the course of a decade from an agrarian peasant society into an industrialized socialist society. In the mid-1950s and aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw Pact
The Warsaw Pact (WP), formally the Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation and Mutual Assistance (TFCMA), was a Collective security#Collective defense, collective defense treaty signed in Warsaw, Polish People's Republic, Poland, between the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc List of non-communist socialist states, socialist republics in Central and Eastern Europe in May 1955, during the Cold War. The term "Warsaw Pact" commonly refers to both the treaty itself and its resultant military alliance, the Warsaw Pact OrganisationPage 22, NATO and OSCE, Partners or Rivals?, Edward Killham (WPO) (also known as ‘Warsaw Treaty Organization’ (‘WTO’)). The Warsaw Pact was the military complement to the Comecon, Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon), the economic organization for the Eastern Bloc states. Dominated by the Soviet Union, the Warsaw Pact was established as a balance of power or counterweight to the NATO, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stalinism
Stalinism (, ) is the Totalitarianism, totalitarian means of governing and Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953), 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin and in Satellite state#Post-World War II, Soviet satellite states between 1944 and 1953. Stalinism included the creation of a Rule of man, one man totalitarian police state, rapid Industrialization in the Soviet Union, industrialization, the theory of socialism in one country, forced Collective farming, collectivization of agriculture, intensification of the class struggle under socialism, intensification of class conflict, a Joseph Stalin's cult of personality, cult of personality, and subordination of the interests of foreign Communist party, communist parties to those of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, which Stalinism deemed the leading Vanguardism, vanguard party of communist revolution at the time. After Stalin's dea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Prime Ministers Of Bulgaria
This is a list of the head of government, heads of government of the modern Bulgarian state, from the establishment of the Principality of Bulgaria to the present day. List of officeholders Principality of Bulgaria (1878–1908) Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946), Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946) ;Governments: * * * * * * * * People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1990) ;Governments: * Bulgaria, Republic of Bulgaria (1990–present) ;Governments: * * * * * Timeline See also * Government of Bulgaria * History of Bulgaria * Politics of Bulgaria * List of Bulgarian monarchs * President of Bulgaria * List of heads of state of Bulgaria * List of presidents of Bulgaria (1990–present) * Prime Minister of Bulgaria Footnotes References {{Prime ministers of Bulgaria Lists of prime ministers by country, Bulgaria Prime ministers of Bulgaria, *List Lists of political office-holders in Bulgaria, Prime ministers of Bulgaria Bulgaria history-related list ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhelyu Zhelev
Zhelyu Mitev Zhelev (; 3 March 1935 – 30 January 2015) was a Bulgarian politician and former dissident who served as the first democratically elected and non-Communist President of Bulgaria, from 1990 to 1997. Zhelev was one of the most prominent figures of the 1989 Bulgarian Revolution, which ended the 35 year rule of President Todor Zhivkov. A member of the Union of Democratic Forces, he was elected as President by the 7th Grand National Assembly. Two years later, he won Bulgaria's first direct presidential elections. He lost his party's nomination for his 1996 reelection campaign after losing a tough primary race to Petar Stoyanov. Biography Early life Zhelev was born in 1935 into a modest village family in Veselinovo in north-eastern Bulgaria. He studied philosophy at Sofia University, graduating in 1958 and gaining a PhD in 1974, a remarkable achievement given that he was under a cloud as a dissident, having been expelled from the Communist Party in 1965. After hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasil Kolarov
Vasil Petrov Kolarov (; 16 July 1877 – 23 January 1950) was a Bulgarian communist political leader and leading functionary in the Communist International (Comintern). Biography Early years Kolarov was born in Şumnu, Ottoman Empire (now Shumen, Bulgaria) on 16 July 1877, the son of a shoemaker.Branko Lazitch with Milorad M. Drachkovitch, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Comintern: New, Revised, and Expanded Edition.'' Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1986; pg. 224. After graduating from high school in Varna, he worked as a teacher in Nikopol from 1895 to 1897. In 1897, Kolarov joined the Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party (BWSDP). Kolarov studied law in Aix-en-Provence, France, and at the University of Geneva. Following his graduation in 1900, Kolarov worked as a lawyer in his hometown and, from 1904, in Plovdiv. Political career After the ideological split of the BWSDP, Kolarov cast his lot with Dimitar Blagoev's Tesniak (Narrow) wing of the party, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Presidents Of Bulgaria
This is a list of the Head of state, heads of the modern Bulgarian state, from the establishment of the Principality of Bulgaria to the present day. It also lists the General Secretary, general secretaries of the Bulgarian Communist Party in 1948–1990. From 1948 onwards, the general secretary was the country's ''de facto'' chief executive. Principality of Bulgaria (1878–1908) Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946), Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946) People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1990) ;Status General Secretaries of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1948–1990) Bulgaria, Republic of Bulgaria (1990–present) Timeline Head of state titles See also * Politics of Bulgaria * List of Bulgarian monarchs * List of Bulgarian regents * List of heads of government of Bulgaria * List of presidents of Bulgaria (1990–present) * List of first deputy chairmen of the State Council of Bulgaria * Vice President of Bulgaria Footnotes and references External links Lis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandar Lilov
Aleksandar Vasilev Lilov (; 31 August 1933 – 20 July 2013) was a Bulgarian politician and philosopher. At his career's height during the People's Republic of Bulgaria, he was described as the second most powerful man of the regime; however, he fell out of favor in 1983 and lost his power. He made a strong political comeback during the democratic transition and was elected chairman of the Bulgarian Communist Party. He led the party to transform and adapt to the post-Communist era. A party referendum supported his proposal to change the name to the Bulgarian Socialist Party. After winning the 1990 Bulgarian Constitutional Assembly election, he did not become prime minister himself, and he eventually supported a multi-party government led by Dimitar Iliev Popov. After losing the 1991 parliamentary elections he stepped down as party leader. In 2001, he retired as MP after having served for 39 years. Biography Aleksandar Lilov was born on 31 August 1933 in the village of Gran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petar Mladenov
Petar Toshev Mladenov (; 22 August 1936 – 31 May 2000) was a Bulgarian communist diplomat and politician. He was the last leader of the Bulgarian People's Republic from 1989 to 1990, and briefly the first President of the Bulgarian Republic in 1990. Early life and education Mladenov was born to a peasant family in the village of Toshevtsi, Vidin Province on 22 August 1936. His father was an anti-fascist partisan killed in action in 1944. Career Mladenov served as the first secretary of the party's committee in Vidin Province from 1969 to 1971. He joined the Politburo and became foreign minister in 1971, serving in that position for 18 years. In the same year, he was elected to the National Assembly. He was one of the closest associates to longtime leader Todor Zhivkov. Role in Zhivkov's overthrow During the 1980s, he became attracted to Mikhail Gorbachev's reform efforts. He saw a chance to change Bulgaria's image as one of the most unreformed countries in the Easte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Todor Zhivkov
Todor Hristov Zhivkov ( ; 7 September 1911 – 5 August 1998) was a Bulgarians, Bulgarian communist statesman who served as the ''de facto'' leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria (PRB) from 1954 until 1989 as General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party. He was the second longest-serving leader in the Eastern Bloc, the longest-serving leader within the Warsaw Pact and the longest-serving non-royal ruler in Bulgarian history. During World War II, Zhivkov participated in Bulgarian resistance movement during World War II, Bulgaria's resistance movement in the People's Liberation Insurgent Army. In 1943, he was involved in organising the Chavdar Partisan Brigade in and around his place of birth, becoming deputy commander of the :bg:Първа Софийска въстаническа оперативна зона, Sofia operations area in the summer of 1944. Under his rule, many fellow former combatants with Chavdar were to rise to positions of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vulko Chervenkov
Valko Velyov ChervenkovBulgaria: Stalinism and de-Stalinization Encyclopædia Britannica Online () (6 September 1900 – 21 October 1980) was a n politician. He served as leader of the Communist Party between 1949 and 1954, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgi Dimitrov
Georgi Dimitrov Mihaylov (; ) also known as Georgiy Mihaylovich Dimitrov (; 18 June 1882 – 2 July 1949), was a Bulgarian communist politician who served as General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party from 1933 to 1949, and the first leader of the Communist People's Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 to 1949. From 1935 to 1943, he was the General Secretary of the Communist International. Born in western Bulgaria, Dimitrov worked as a printer and trade unionist during his youth. He was elected to the National Assembly (Bulgaria), Bulgarian parliament as a socialist during the World War I, First World War and campaigned against his country's involvement in the conflict, which led to his brief imprisonment for sedition. In 1919, he helped found the Bulgarian Communist Party. Two years later, he moved to the Soviet Union and was elected to the executive committee of Profintern. In 1923, Dimitrov led a September Uprising, failed communist uprising against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Secretary Of The Bulgarian Communist Party
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. French Revolutionary system Arab system Other variations Other nomenclatures for general officers include the titles and ranks: * Adjutant general * Commandant-general * Inspector general * General-in-chief * General of the Air Force (USAF only) * General of the Armies of the United States (of America), a title created for General John J. Pershing, and subsequently granted posthumously to George Washington and Ulysses S. Grant * (" general ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
