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Icebreakers Of Russia
There is a disagreement as to whether the Russia first "true" icebreaker was ''Pilot (icebreaker), Pilot'' (manufactured in Great Britain in 1862, whose ice-breaking capabilities were enhanced in Russia in 1864) or genuinely first 1898 Arctic ice-faring icebreaker ''Yermak (1898 icebreaker), Yermak''. Classification In Russia, icebreakers are classified in several ways, according to different criteria:Классификация Российского морского регистра судоходства (Classification of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping) *By purpose **Leader icebreakers: The most powerful icebreakers that head ship caravans **Line icebreakers: For guiding and towing of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009
2009 was designated as the International Year of Astronomy by the United Nations to coincide with the 400th anniversary of Galileo Galilei's first known astronomical studies with a telescope and the publication of Astronomia Nova by Johannes Kepler. It was also declared as the International Year of Natural Fibres by the United Nations General Assembly, as well as the International Year of Reconciliation and the Year of the Gorilla (UNEP and UNESCO). Events January * January 1 ** Japan, Mexico, Turkey and Uganda United Nations Security Council election, 2008, assume their seats on the United Nations Security Council. ** Asunción, the capital of Paraguay, becomes the American Capital of Culture and Vilnius and Linz become the European Capital of Culture, European Capitals of Culture. ** Slovakia adopts the euro as its national currency, replacing the Slovak koruna. ** A Bay Area Rapid Transit Bay Area Rapid Transit Police Department, police officer Killing of Oscar Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USCGC Staten Island (WAGB-278)
USCGC ''Staten Island'' (WAGB-278) was a United States Coast Guard . Laid down on 9 June 1942 and launched on 28 December 1942, the ship was commissioned on 26 February 1944, and almost immediately afterward transferred to the Soviet Union, under the Lend Lease program, under the name ''Severny Veter'', which loosely translates as ''Northwind'', until 19 December 1951. When returned to the United States Navy, she was designated USS ''Northwind'' until 15 April 1952, when she was renamed USS ''Staten Island'' to distinguish her from her successor which had been laid down shortly after she was lent to the Soviet Union. The ship was transferred to the U.S. Coast Guard as USCGC ''Staten Island'' in February 1965, and served until November 1974, before being scrapped. Construction ''Staten Island'' was one of the icebreakers designed by Lieutenant commander Edward Thiele and Gibbs & Cox of New York, who modeled them after plans for European icebreakers he obtained before the start o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reyneke Island
Reyneke Island (, ''Ostrov Reyneke'') is an island in the Eugénie Archipelago within the Peter the Great Gulf of the Sea of Japan. It is administratively part of the city of Vladivostok in Primorsky Krai, Russia, and is located south of the city center. Reyneke Island has an area of approximately and a population of 23 (2005), making it the smallest of four inhabited islands of Primorsky Krai both by area and population. Most residents live in the island's single settlement of the same named located on the northern coast. Reyneke Island is a summer recreation location for the Primorsky Krai region, and tourism is an important part of the local economy. The island is popular due to its pebbly and sandy beaches, the deciduous forest ( oak, acer and tilia) on the western part of the island, and the meadows on the eastern part. Pinales of the Korean pine variety are found on the island. The islet of Vykent Island and many kekurs are found around the coast. Reyneke Island is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castor (icebreaker)
Castor most commonly refers to: *Castor (star), a star in the Gemini constellation *Castor, one of the Dioscuri/Gemini twins Castor and Pollux in Greco-Roman mythology Castor or CASTOR may also refer to: Science and technology *Castor (rocket stage), a family of solid-fuel rocket stages * Castor (software), data binding framework for Java * ''CASTOR'' (nuclear waste), cask for storage and transport of radioactive material * ''CASTOR'' experiment, "Centauro and Strange Object Research" at CERN * CASTOR (spacecraft), proposed space telescope * Castor sugar, fine sugar * Caster (or Castor), an undriven wheel * Caster (or Castor) angle, relevant to a steered wheel Biology *Castor oil plant, plant from which castor bean grows **Castor oil, oil of the castor bean ** Castor wax, produced from castor oil *''Castor'', a genus name of the beaver **Castoreum, natural scent derived from the beaver People Given name Ancient *Castor of Rhodes, Greek grammarian and rhetorician *Drusus the You ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russky Island
Russky Island () is an island in Peter the Great Gulf in the Sea of Japan, in Primorsky Krai, Russia. It is the largest island in the Eugénie Archipelago, separated from the Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula immediately to the north by the Eastern Bosphorus, and is one of the four islands in Primorsky Krai that are permanently inhabited, with a population of 5,360 (2010). Russky Island is home to Far Eastern Federal University and the southern span of the Russky Bridge, the world's longest cable-stayed bridge, connecting the island across the Eastern Bosphorus to the mainland portion of Vladivostok. Geography Russky Island is located about east of Moscow, the capital of Russia. It is the largest island in Primorsky Krai, with about a quarter of its area being the Saperny Peninsula, which forms much of the north and east of the island, and the closest part to the mainland. Novik Bay is a long and thin bay located between the Saperny Peninsula and the remainder of the island. Ru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eisvogel (1942 Icebreaker)
''Eisvogel'' was an icebreaker in the Kriegsmarine during World War II. After the war, the ship served in the Soviet Union until 1972. Ship description The ship was built for the navy in Aalborg Shipyard in Denmark, which has been occupied by Germany since April 1940, as a modified ship of the '' Eisbär'' under construction on Eriksbergs Mekaniska Verkstad in Gothenburg, Sweden. It was launched in 1942 and entered service on June 1, 1942. The ship was 61.40 m long and 15.30 m wide, had a draft of 5.90 / 6.30 m and a water displacement of 2090 t (standard) and 2913 t (fully equipped). Two standing triple expansion steam engines with a total of 3200 psi gave a top speed of 12.5 knots over two screws. The armament consisted of two 3.7 cm Flak 37 in single mounts. The crew consisted of 69 men. Service history Kriegsmarine The Eisvogel served in the Baltic Sea as an icebreaker, tugboat, escort boat and most recently in 1945 during the evacuation of German refugees from East P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jääkarhu (icebreaker)
''Jääkarhu'' was a Finnish and later Soviet steam-powered icebreaker. Built in 1926 by P. Smit Jr. Shipbuilding and Machine Factory in Rotterdam, Netherlands, she was the last and largest steam-powered state-owned icebreaker of Finland. After two decades of successful service, ''Jääkarhu'' was handed over to the Soviet Union as war reparation in 1945 and renamed ''Sibiryakov''. She remained in service until the 1970s and was broken up in 1972. Background and construction When the Treaty of Tartu was signed on 14 October 1920, Finland agreed to return the Russian icebreakers that the Finnish White Guard had seized during the Civil War in 1918. As a result, the largest and most powerful state-owned icebreaker of Finland at that time, ''Wäinämöinen'', was handed over to Estonia in 1922. Since both the size of the ships calling at the Finnish winter ports and the amount of exported goods, especially forest products, had increased considerably since the First World War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Sea
The White Sea (; Karelian language, Karelian and ; ) is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of the internal waters of Russia.A. D. Dobrovolskyi and B. S. Zalogi"Seas of USSR. White Sea" Moscow University (1982) (in Russian) Administratively, it is divided between the Arkhangelsk Oblast, Arkhangelsk and Murmansk Oblast, Murmansk oblasts and the Republic of Karelia. The Port of Arkhangelsk, major port of Arkhangelsk is located on the White Sea. For much of Russia's history this was Russia's main centre of international maritime trade, conducted by the Pomors ("seaside settlers") from Kholmogory, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Kholmogory. In the modern era it became an important Soviet Union, Soviet naval and submarine base. The White Sea–Baltic Canal co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suur Tõll (icebreaker)
''Suur Tõll'' is an Estonian steamship, steam-powered icebreaker preserved in the Estonian Maritime Museum in Tallinn. She was originally built for the Russian Empire in 1914 by Vulcan Werft, AG Vulcan in Stettin, German Empire, Germany, as ''Tsar Mikhail Feodorovich''. In 1917, she was taken over by the Bolsheviks and renamed ''Volynets''. However, in 1918 she was captured by Finland and served as until 1922, when she was handed over to Estonia according to the Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Finnish), Treaty of Tartu and renamed ''Suur Tõll''. When Estonia was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940, the icebreaker rejoined the Soviet fleet and was again named ''Volynets''. She remained in service until 1985. The Soviet Navy decided to sell the decommissioned icebreaker for scrap, and she was purchased by the Estonian Maritime Museum in 1987. The ship was given back her original Estonian name and was extensively renovated; ''Suur Tõll'', the largest preserved pre-war icebreaker in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steam Propulsion
A steam engine is a heat engine that performs Work (physics), mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a Cylinder (locomotive), cylinder. This pushing force can be transformed by a connecting rod and Crank (mechanism), crank into rotational force for work. The term "steam engine" is most commonly applied to reciprocating engines as just described, although some authorities have also referred to the steam turbine and devices such as Hero's aeolipile as "steam engines". The essential feature of steam engines is that they are external combustion engines, where the working fluid is separated from the combustion products. The ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze this process is called the Rankine cycle. In general usage, the term ''steam engine'' can refer to either complete steam plants (including Boiler (power generation), boilers etc.), such as railway steam locomot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
