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Cross Cutting
Cross-cutting is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time, and often in the same place. In a cross-cut, the camera will cut away from one action to another action, which can suggest the simultaneity of these two actions. Cross-cutting can also be used for characters in a film with the same goals but different ways of achieving them. Suspense may be added by cross-cutting. It is built through the expectations that it creates and in the hopes that it will be explained with time. Cross-cutting also forms parallels; it illustrates a narrative action that happens in several places at approximately the same time. For instance, in D. W. Griffith's ''A Corner in Wheat'' (1909), the film cross-cuts between the activities of rich businessmen and poor people waiting in line for bread. This creates a sharp dichotomy between the two actions, and encourages the viewer to compare the two shots. Often, this contrast is used for strong emotiona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cut (transition)
In the post-production process of film editing and video editing, a cut is an abrupt, but usually trivial film transition from one sequence to another. It is synonymous with the term ''edit'', though "edit" can imply any number of transitions or effects. The cut, dissolve (film), dissolve, and wipe (transition), wipe serve as the three primary transitions. The term refers to the physical action of cutting film or videotape, but also refers to a similar edit performed in software; it has also become associated with the resulting visual "break". History Due to the short length of early film stock, Film splicer, splicing was necessary to join together segments into long-form. Actuality films, Actuality director (film), directors spliced together reels prior to Shot (film), shooting to record for longer periods of time. Narrative directors, on the other hand, preferred shooting for shorter lengths, editing together shot footage. In either case, film was cut (and subsequently joining t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cloud Atlas (film)
''Cloud Atlas'' is a 2012 epic film, epic science fiction film written and directed by the Wachowskis and Tom Tykwer. Based on the Cloud Atlas (novel), 2004 novel by David Mitchell (author), David Mitchell, it has multiple plots occurring during six eras and features an ensemble cast who perform multiple roles across these time periods. The film was produced by Grant Hill (producer), Grant Hill and Stefan Arndt, in addition to the Wachowskis and Tykwer. During its four years of development, the producers had difficulties securing financial support. It was eventually produced with a budget between US$100 million and US$146.7 million provided by independent sources, making it one of the most expensive independent films ever produced. Filming for ''Cloud Atlas'' began in September 2011 at Babelsberg Studio in Babelsberg, Potsdam-Babelsberg, Germany. It premiered on 8 September 2012 at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival, 37th Toronto International Film Festival, and was pub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cinematography
Cinematography () is the art of motion picture (and more recently, electronic video camera) photography. Cinematographers use a lens (optics), lens to focus reflected light from objects into a real image that is transferred to some image sensor or Photographic film, light-sensitive material inside the movie camera. These Exposure (photography), exposures are created sequentially and preserved for later processing and viewing as a motion picture. Capturing images with an electronic image sensor produces an Charge-coupled device, electrical charge for each pixel in the image, which is Video processing, electronically processed and stored in a video file for subsequent processing or display. Images captured with photographic emulsion result in a series of invisible latent images on the film stock, which are chemically "Photographic developer, developed" into a Positive (photography), visible image. The images on the film stock are Movie projector, projected for viewing in the sam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slow Cutting
Slow cutting is a film editing technique characterized by frequent lengthy shots. Though it depends on context, it is estimated that any shot longer than about fifteen seconds will seem rather slow to many modern-day viewers, especially those who are accustomed to mainstream Western movies, where slow cuts are uncommon. Slow cutting can be used to establish a mood before fast cutting injects energy. Slow cutting may also be used in scenes of calm or reflection, and filmmakers can use slow cutting to slow down the pace, just as the second movement of a symphony or concerto typically does. Films and television Notable films that use the slow cutting technique are: '' Citizen Kane'', '' Russian Ark'', '' 2001: A Space Odyssey'', '' The Prisoner of Zenda'', '' Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs'', ''The Adventures of Robin Hood'', '' Mr. Smith Goes to Washington'', '' Grapes of Wrath'', '' His Girl Friday'', '' Mildred Pierce'', '' Treasure Island'', '' Darby O'Gill and the Little P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shot Reverse Shot
Shot/reverse shot (or shot/countershot) is a film technique where one character is shown looking at another character (often off-screen), and then the other character is shown looking back at the first character (a or ). Since the characters are shown facing in opposite directions, the viewer assumes that they are looking at each other. Context Shot/reverse shot is a feature of the "classical" Hollywood style of continuity editing, which deemphasizes transitions between shots such that the spectator perceives one continuous action that develops linearly, chronologically, and logically. It is an example of an eyeline match. References Sources Cinematography Film editing Cinematic techniques Television terminology {{film-term-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Match Cut
In film, a match cut is a cut from one shot to another in which the composition of the two shots are matched by the action or subject and subject matter. For example, in a duel a shot can go from a long shot on both contestants via a cut to a medium closeup shot of one of the duellists. The cut matches the two shots and is consistent with the logic of the action. This is a standard practice in film-making, to produce a seamless reality-effect. Wider context Match cuts form the basis for continuity editing, such as the ubiquitous use of match on action. Continuity editing smooths over the inherent discontinuity of shot changes to establish a logical coherence between shots. Even within continuity editing, though, the match cut is a contrast both with cross-cutting between actions in two different locations that are occurring simultaneously, and with parallel editing, which draws parallels or contrasts between two different time-space locations. A graphic match (as opposed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jump Cut
A jump cut is a cut (transition), cut in film editing that breaks a single continuous sequential shot of a subject into two parts, with a piece of footage removed to create the effect of jumping forward in time. Camera positioning on the subject across the sequence should vary only slightly to achieve the effect. The technique manipulates temporal space using the duration of a single shot—fracturing the duration to move the audience ahead. This kind of cut abruptly communicates the passing of time, as opposed to the more seamless dissolve heavily used in films predating Jean-Luc Godard's ''Breathless (1960 film), Breathless'', which extensively used jump cuts and popularized the technique in the 1960s. For this reason, jump cuts are considered a violation of classical continuity editing, which aims to give the appearance of continuous time and space in the story-world by de-emphasizing editing, but are sometimes nonetheless used for creative purposes. Jump cuts tend to draw att ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fast Cutting
Fast cutting is a film editing technique which refers to several consecutive shot (filming), shots of a brief duration (e.g. 3 seconds or less). It can be used to quickly convey much information, or to imply either energy or chaos. Fast cutting is also frequently used when shooting dialogue between two or more characters, changing the viewer's perspective to either focus on the reaction of another character's dialog, or to bring to attention the non-verbal actions of the speaking character. One famous example of fast cutting is the shower scene in Alfred Hitchcock's film ''Psycho (1960 film), Psycho'' (1960). More recent examples include the can-can scene in Baz Luhrmann's ''Moulin Rouge!'' (2001). The film ''Mind Game (film), Mind Game'' makes extensive use of fast cutting to convey hundreds of short scenes in the space of fifteen minutes. In ''Run Lola Run'', fast cutting is used to quickly tell stories about minor characters to show how the casual actions of the protagonists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dissolve (filmmaking)
In the post-production process of film editing, film and video editing, a dissolve (sometimes called a lap dissolve) is a type of film transition in which one Sequence (filmmaking), sequence fades over another. The terms fade-out (also called fade to black) and fade-in are used to describe a transition to and from a blank image. This is in contrast to a Cut (transition), cut, where there is no such transition. A dissolve overlaps two Shot (filmmaking), shots for the duration of the effect, usually at the end of one scene and the beginning of the next, but may also be used in Montage (filmmaking), montage sequences. Generally, but not always, the use of a dissolve is held to indicate that a time has passed between the two scenes. Also, it may indicate a change of location or the start of a Flashback (narrative), flashback. Creation of effect In the film, this effect is usually created with an optical printer by controlling double exposure from frame to frame. In linear video ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cutaway (filmmaking)
In film and video, a cutaway is the interruption of a continuously filmed action by inserting a view of something else. It is usually followed by a cut back to the first shot. A cutaway scene is the interruption of a scene with the insertion of another scene, generally unrelated or only peripherally related to the original scene. The interruption is usually quick, and is usually, although not always, ended by a return to the original scene. The effect is of commentary to the original scene and creates variety. Usage The most common use of cutaway shots in dramatic films is to adjust the pace of the main action, to conceal the deletion of some unwanted part of the main shot, or to allow the joining of parts of two versions of that shot. For example, a scene may be improved by cutting a few frames out of an actor's pause; a brief view of a listener can help conceal the break. Or the actor may fumble some of his lines in a group shot; rather than discarding a good version of the sho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buffer Shot
This glossary of motion picture terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts related to motion pictures, filmmaking, cinematography, and the film industry in general. 0–9 A B C Television Production Handbook, Zettl, pg. 173. D E F G H I J K L M N O P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inception
''Inception'' is a 2010 science fiction action heist film written and directed by Christopher Nolan, who also produced it with Emma Thomas, his wife. The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio as a professional thief who steals information by infiltrating the subconscious of his targets. He is offered a chance to have his criminal history erased as payment for the implantation of another person's idea into a target's subconscious. The ensemble cast includes Ken Watanabe, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Marion Cotillard, Elliot Page, Tom Hardy, Cillian Murphy, Tom Berenger, Dileep Rao, and Michael Caine. After the 2002 completion of ''Insomnia'', Nolan presented to Warner Bros. a written 80-page treatment for a horror film envisioning "dream stealers," based on lucid dreaming. Deciding he needed more experience before tackling a production of this magnitude and complexity, Nolan shelved the project and instead worked on 2005's ''Batman Begins'', 2006's '' The Prestige'', and 2008's ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
