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Cosmas, Bishop Of Győr
Cosmas (; died after 1222) was a Hungarian prelate in the first half of the 13th century, who served as Bishop of Győr from around 1219 to 1222. Biography Cosmas was born into an ethnic Hungarian medium landowner noble family originated from Somogy County. Prior to his bishopric, he was a canon or provost of the Székesfehérvár Chapter, an important place of authentication in the kingdom. Consequently, he was presumably a royal chaplain during the reign of Andrew II of Hungary. He was made Bishop of Győr around 1219. He was a signatory of the Golden Bull of 1222. Following that he resigned from his office and retired to the Fehérvár Chapter, where he lived for years, according to a letter of Pope Honorius III. The motivation of Cosmas' resignation is unknown. His successor, Gregory Gregory may refer to: People and fictional characters * Gregory (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Gregory (surname), a surname *Gregory ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Catholic Diocese Of Győr
The Diocese of Győr (, , ) is a diocese of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church in Hungary. The diocese is suffragan to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Esztergom-Budapest, Archdiocese of Esztergom-Budapest. The diocese is believed to have been established in 1009 by King Stephen I of Hungary, along with most of the other Hungarian dioceses. The Cathedral Basilica of Győr is dedicated to Mary (mother of Jesus), Blessed Virgin Mary. The current bishop is Lajos Pápai, who was appointed in 1991. Secular offices connected to the bishopric The Bishops of Győr were Perpetual Counts of Győr (former county), Baranya (Hungarian language, Hungarian: ''Győr vármegye örökös főispánja'', Latin: ''Jaurinensis perpetuus supremus comes'') from the 16th century till 1783. List of the Bishops of Győr * Nicholas, Bishop of Győr, Nicholas I (c. 1051 – c. 1055) * Hartvik (end of 11th – beginning of 12th century) * George, Bishop of Győr, George (1111–1118) * Ambrose, Bishop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter II, Bishop Of Győr
Peter (; died 1218) was a Hungarian prelate at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries, who served as Bishop of Győr from 1205 to 1218. Prior to that, he was chancellor in the royal court of Emeric, King of Hungary between 1202 and 1204. He participated in the Fifth Crusade, where he was killed in fights against the Ayyubid Sultanate. Some historians identify him with the chronicler Anonymus, author of the ''Gesta Hungarorum''. Early life Peter (also Pescha and Pechse) was born in the mid-1170s, as he was about the same age as King Andrew II, according to his royal charter from 1217. They were brought up together in the royal court of Andrew's father, Béla III. The aforementioned name variants confirm his Hungarian origin. The reconstruction of Peter's early life is uncertain and contested, mainly depending on the existing parallel scholarly standpoints that he can be identified with the chronicler Anonymus or not. In 1966, literary journal ''Irodalomtörténeti Közlemények ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gregory, Bishop Of Győr
Gregory (; died 11 April 1241) was a Hungarian prelate in the first half of the 13th century, who served as Bishop of Győr from 1224 until his death fighting against the Mongols in the Battle of Mohi. Biography His origin is uncertain, possibly came from a medium landowner family. He bore the title of "''magister''", demonstrating his potential education and skills in science. Gregory was elected Bishop of Győr by the cathedral chapter in 1224; according to a non-authentic charter, he already held the position since 1223. Nevertheless, he was still referred to as elected bishop in 1224. Gregory was considered a supporter of Andrew II of Hungary, then Béla IV of Hungary. He actively participated in their governance at the royal council. He led a royal campaign against the Teutonic Knights in 1225, who had attempted to eliminate the suzerainty of the Hungarian kings in their granted territory Barcaság (now Țara Bârsei, Romania) in Transylvania. During his episcopate, Grego ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John, Archbishop Of Esztergom
John (; died November 1223) was a prelate in the Kingdom of Hungary in the 12th and 13th centuries. He was Bishop of Csanád (now Cenad in Romania) between 1198 and 1201, Archbishop of Kalocsa from 1202 to 1205 and Archbishop of Esztergom between 1205 and 1223. He crowned Ladislaus III of Hungary, Andrew II of Hungary and Coloman of Galicia as king. Andrew II appointed him to govern the kingdom during his crusade between 1217 and 1218. Early career His origin is uncertain; some 19th-century historiographical works consider John was the brother of Queen Gertrude of Merania, King Andrew's consort. This supposition is based on Adam František Kollár, Adam Franz Kollár's 1762 work, the ''Historiae diplomaticae juris patronatus apostolicorum Hungariae regum libri tres''. However Pope Innocent III clearly stated that John was of Hungarian origin ("[...] ''quae de regno Hungariae originem duceret'' [...]"), when transferred him from Kalocsa to Esztergom in his papal bull of 6 October 12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prelate
A prelate () is a high-ranking member of the Minister (Christianity), Christian clergy who is an Ordinary (church officer), ordinary or who ranks in precedence with ordinaries. The word derives from the Latin , the past participle of , which means 'carry before', 'be set above or over' or 'prefer'; hence, a prelate is one set over others. The archetypal prelate is a bishop, whose prelature is his particular church. All other prelates, including the religious institute, regular prelates such as abbots and major superiors, are based upon this original model of prelacy. Related terminology In a general sense, a "prelate" in the Catholic Church and other Christian churches is a bishop or other ecclesiastical person who possesses ordinary authority of a jurisdiction, i.e., of a diocese or similar jurisdiction, e.g., ordinariates, apostolic vicar, vicariates/exarch, exarchates, or territorial abbacies. It equally applies to Cardinal (Catholic Church), cardinals, who enjoy a kind of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Győr
A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance and administration of dioceses. The role or office of the bishop is called episcopacy or the episcopate. Organisationally, several Christian denominations utilise ecclesiastical structures that call for the position of bishops, while other denominations have dispensed with this office, seeing it as a symbol of power. Bishops have also exercised political authority within their dioceses. Traditionally, bishops claim apostolic succession, a direct historical lineage dating back to the original Twelve Apostles or Saint Paul. The bishops are by doctrine understood as those who possess the full priesthood given by Jesus Christ, and therefore may ordain other clergy, including other bishops. A person ordained as a deacon, priest (i.e. presbyter), and then bishop is understood to hold ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars, are an Ethnicity, ethnic group native to Hungary (), who share a common Culture of Hungary, culture, Hungarian language, language and History of Hungary, history. They also have a notable presence in former parts of the Kingdom of Hungary. The Hungarian language belongs to the Ugric languages, Ugric branch of the Uralic languages, Uralic language family, alongside the Khanty languages, Khanty and Mansi languages, Mansi languages. There are an estimated 14.5 million ethnic Hungarians and their descendants worldwide, of whom 9.6 million live in today's Hungary. About 2 million Hungarians live in areas that were part of the Kingdom of Hungary before the Treaty of Trianon in 1920 and are now parts of Hungary's seven neighbouring countries, Hungarians in Slovakia, Slovakia, Hungarians in Ukraine, Ukraine, Hungarians in Romania, Romania, Hungarians in Serbia, Serbia, Hungarians of Croatia, Croatia, Prekmurje, Slovenia, and Hungarians in Austria, Aust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somogy County (former)
Somogy was an administrative county (Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary), comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which was slightly larger than that of present Somogy county, is now in south-western Hungary. The capital of the county was Kaposvár. Geography Somogy County shared borders with the Hungarian counties of Zala (former county), Zala, Veszprém County (former), Veszprém, Tolna County (former), Tolna, Baranya County (former), Baranya, Virovitica County, Verőce and Belovár-Körös (the latter two part of Croatia-Slavonia). It extended along the southern shore of Lake Balaton and encompassed the region south of the lake. The river Drava (Hungarian: Dráva) formed most of its southern border. Its area was 6530 km2 around 1910. History In the 10th century, the Hungarian Nyék tribe occupied the region around Lake Balaton, mainly the areas which are known today as Zala County, Zala and Somogy counties. Somogy County arose as one of the first comitatuses of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Place Of Authentication
A place of authentication (; ) was a characteristic institution of medieval Hungarian law. Places of authentication were cathedral chapters and monasteries authorized to provide notarial A notary is a person authorised to perform acts in legal affairs, in particular witnessing signatures on documents. The form that the notarial profession takes varies with local legal systems. A notary, while a legal professional, is distin ... services, including the issuing of authentic copies of documents. References Sources * * * * * * * Legal history of Hungary Medieval Kingdom of Hungary Catholic Church in Hungary KOSZTA, LÁSZLÓ: Conclusions Drawn from the Prosopographic Analysis of the Canons Belonging to the Cathedral Chapters of Medieval Hungary (1200—1350), in: Universidade, Catâolica Portuguesa Carreiras Eclesiásticas no Ocidente Cristão (séc. XII–XIV) – Ecclesiastical Careers in Western Christianity (12th–14th c.), Lisboa 2007. S. 15–28. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Chaplain
A royal chapel is a chapel associated with a monarch, a royal court, or in a royal palace. A royal chapel may also be a body of clergy or musicians serving at a royal court or employed by a monarch. Commonwealth countries Both the United Kingdom and Canada have a tradition of Chapels Royal. German language countries The first noble or royal court orchestras in German language regions, most of which were founded in the sixteenth century, were called Hofkapelle. When the noble and royal courts dissipated the name was often replaced by Staatskapelle ("State Chapel"), usually indicating an orchestra with a prior tradition as Hofkapelle. The Vienna Boys Choir replaced the former Hofkapelle at the Austrian Hofburg four years after the original musical ensemble was disbanded in 1920, following the collapse of the monarchy. Other European royal courts Denmark Choir of the Chapel Royal, Copenhagen. Det Kongelige Kapel / Royal Danish Orchestra France The musical establishment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew II Of Hungary
Andrew II (, , , ; 117721 September 1235), also known as Andrew of Jerusalem, was King of Hungary and King of Croatia, Croatia between 1205 and 1235. He ruled the Principality of Halych from 1188 until 1189/1190, and again between 1208/1209 and 1210. He was the younger son of Béla III of Hungary, who entrusted him with the administration of the newly conquered Principality of Halych in 1188. Andrew's rule was unpopular, and the boyars (or noblemen) expelled him. Béla III willed property and money to Andrew, obliging him to lead a crusade to the Holy Land. Instead, Andrew forced his elder brother, King Emeric of Hungary, to cede Kingdom of Croatia (1102–1526), Croatia and Dalmatia as an appanage to him in 1197. The following year, Andrew occupied Zachlumia, Hum. Although Andrew did not stop conspiring against Emeric, the dying king made Andrew guardian of his son, Ladislaus III of Hungary, Ladislaus III, in 1204. After the premature death of Ladislaus, Andrew ascended the thr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Bull Of 1222
The Golden Bull of 1222 was a golden bull, or edict, issued by Andrew II of Hungary. King Andrew II was forced by his nobles to accept the Golden Bull (Aranybulla), which was one of the first examples of constitutional limits being placed on the powers of a European monarch. The Golden Bull was issued at the year 1222 diet of Fehérvár. The law established the rights of the Hungarian nobility, including the right to disobey the King when he acted contrary to law (''jus resistendi''). The nobles and the church were freed from all taxes and could not be forced to go to war outside of Hungary and were not obligated to finance it. This was also a historically important document because it set down the principles of equality for all of the nation's nobility. Seven copies of the edict were created, one for each of the following institutions: to the Pope, to the Knights Templar, to the Knights Hospitaller, to the Hungarian king itself, to the chapters of Esztergom and Kalocsa and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
