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Continental Air Defense Command
Continental Air Defense Command (CONAD) was a unified combatant command of the United States Department of Defense, tasked with air defense for the continental United States. It comprised Army, Air Force, and Navy components. The primary purpose of continental air defense during the CONAD period was to spot incoming Soviet bomber air raids in time to allow Strategic Air Command to launch a counterattack. It also controlled weapons to shoot down such bombers. Among the weapons that CONAD controlled were Army Project Nike anti-aircraft missiles (Ajax and Hercules) and USAF interceptors (manned aircraft and BOMARC missiles). Some CIM-10B BOMARC missiles were armed with the 10-kiloton W-40 nuclear warhead. The command was disestablished in 1975, and Aerospace Defense Command became the major U.S. component of North American Air Defense Command (NORAD). Background Discussion of a joint command for air defense began as the U.S. Air Force was being established in 1947. Afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Methodist Sanitorium
The National Methodist Sanatorium was a 1926 medical facility on Boulder Street in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It was near the Beth-El Hospital, which is now Memorial Hospital (Colorado Springs), Memorial Hospital. The Sanatorium was later used as the Aerospace Defense Command, Air Defense Command and North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) headquarters on Ent Air Force Base. Background In 1874, Dr. Samuel Edwin Solly from London "moved to Manitou Springs, Colorado, Manitou because of his wife's ill health." Colorado Springs's first medical facility was a small railroad first aid room, infirmary that was followed by the St. Francis of Perpetual Adoration 1888 hospital on Institute Heights and the 1890–1902 Bellevue Sanitarium (later named National Deaconess Sanitarium). Beth-El Hospital opened in 1911 along East Boulder Street on land donated by General William Jackson Palmer. Two small Sanatoriums were built on Logan street near Bethel Hospital: The Idlewold in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roslyn Air Warning Station
Roslyn Air National Guard Station (ADC ID: P-3) is a closed United States Air Force station. It was located in East Hills, New York, on Long Island. It was originally part of Clarence MacKay's Harbor Hill estate. It was closed in 2000. History World War II During 1942, the site was leased by the United States Army from Clarence Mackay for a headquarters station, initially for the I Interceptor Command, then the unit being re-designated to I Fighter Command, a component of First Air Force. The leased site was designated as "Subpost #3, Mitchel Army Airfield". The 164th Army Air Forces Base Unit (Fighter Control) (164th AAFBU) was assigned to the station on 10 April 1944. The unit assumed the duties of the inactivated New York Fighter Wing. The command established an integrated command and control facility dedicated solely to air defense. The first military buildings consisted of nine buildings, including enlisted and officer quarters, mess hall, recreation building, stor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northeast Air Command
Northeast Air Command (NEAC) was a List of Major Commands of the United States Air Force, Major command (military formation), Command of the United States Air Force, responsible for the operation and defense of air bases in Greenland, Labrador, and Newfoundland (island), Newfoundland. It was formed in 1950 from the facilities of the United States established during World War II in eastern Canada, Newfoundland and Greenland. It was discontinued in 1957. History Origins Northeast Air Command (NEAC) was originally formed from the World War II facilities of the United States Army Newfoundland Base Command (NBC), which formed on 15 January 1941. The NBC was formed to command bases in Newfoundland which came under United States control as a result of the 1940 Destroyers for Bases Agreement; the 1941 US-Danish Agreement on Greenland, and the development by Air Transport Command (United States Air Force), Air Transport Command of airfields in the Canadian Northwest Territories and Green ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alaskan Air Command
The Alaskan Air Command (AAC) is an inactive United States Air Force Major Command originally established in 1942 under the United States Army Air Forces. Its mission was to organize and administer the air defense system of Alaska, exercise direct control of all active measures, and coordinate all passive means of air defense. In addition, the command also supported Strategic Air Command elements operating through and around Alaska. It was redesignated Eleventh Air Force on 9 August 1990 and, concurrently, status changed from a major command of the United States Air Force to a subordinate organization of Pacific Air Forces. History Establishment Established on 18 December 1945 the end of World War II, assuming jurisdiction of former Eleventh Air Force, assets in the Alaska Territory. Headquartered at Davis Army Airfield on Adak, the initial mission of AAC was the consolidation of wartime Army Air Forces in Alaska and training of those forces remaining after demobilization. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MIM-3 Nike Ajax
The Nike Ajax was an American guided surface-to-air missile (SAM) developed by Bell Labs for the United States Army. The world's first operational guided surface-to-air missile, the Nike Ajax was designed to attack conventional bomber aircraft flying at high subsonic speeds and altitudes above . Nike entered service in 1954 and was initially deployed within the United States to defend against Soviet Union, Soviet bomber attacks, though it was later deployed overseas to protect US military bases, and was also sold to various allied militaries. Some examples remained in use until the 1970s. Originally known simply as "Nike (mythology), Nike", it gained the "Ajax the Great, Ajax" as part of a 1956 renaming effort that resulted from the introduction of the similarly named Nike Hercules. It was initially given the identifier SAM-A-7 (Surface-to-air, Army, design 7) as part of an early tri-service identification system, but later changed to MIM-3 in 1962.Nike was initially designated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Air Defense Direction Center
An Air Defense Direction Center (ADDC) was a type of United States command post for assessing Cold War radar tracks, assigning height requests to available height-finder radars, and for "Weapons Direction": coordinating command guidance of aircraft from more than 1 site for ground-controlled interception ("weapons assignment"). As with the World War II Aircraft Warning Service CONUS defense network, a " manual air defense system" was used through the 1950s (e.g., NORAD/ ADC used a " plotting board" at the Ent command center.) Along with 182 radar stations at "the end of 1957, ADC operated … 17 control centers", and the Ground Observation Corps was TBD on TBD. With the formation of NORAD, several types of ADDCs were planned by Air Defense Command: *Joint Direction Center, a USAF ADDC collocated with an Army Air Defense Command Post, AADCP (together designated a " NORAD Control Center"). **Alaskan Joint Direction Center, at 2 sites: Fire Island and Murphy Dome Air Force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SAGE Radar Stations
The SAGE radar stations of Air Defense Command (Aerospace Defense Command after 1968) were the military installations operated by List of United States Air Force aircraft control and warning squadrons, USAF squadrons using the first automated air defense environment (Semi-Automatic Ground Environment) and networked by the SAGE System, a computer network. Most of the radar stations used the Burroughs AN/FST-2 Coordinate Data Transmitting Set (CDTS) to automate the operator environment and provide radar tracks to sector command posts at SAGE Direction Centers (DCs), e.g., the Malmstrom Air Force Base, Malmstrom Z-124 radar station was co-located with DC-20. The sector/division radar stations were networked by DCs and Manual Control Centers to provide command, control, and coordination system, command, control, and coordination (e.g., at Topsham Air Force Station, Topsham AFS for the "Bangor Air Defense Sector, Bangor North American Air Defense Sector" (image of entrance sign with arr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lashup Radar Network
The Lashup Radar Network was a United States Cold War radar netting system for air defense surveillance which followed the post-World War II "five-station radar net" and preceded the "high Priority Permanent System". ROTOR was a similar expedient system in the United Kingdom. Background United States electronic attack warning began with a 1939 networking demonstration at Twin Lights station NJ, and 2 SCR-270 radar stations during the August 1940 " Watertown maneuvers" (NY). When "Pearl Harbor was attacked, here were 8 CONUSearly-warning stations" (ME, NJ, & 6 in CA), and Oahu's Opana Mobile Radar Station had 1 of 6 SCR-270s. CONUS "Army Radar Station" deployments for World War II were primarily for coastal anti-aircraft defense, e.g., L-1 at Oceanside CA, J-23 at Seaside OR ( Tillamook Head), and B-30 at Lompoc CA; and "the AAF...inactivated the aircraft warning network in April 1944." In 1946 the Distant Early Warning Line was "first conceived—and rejected". By 1948 th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permanent System Radar Stations
The Permanent System ("P system") was a 1950s radar network ("P radar net") used for the CONUS "manual air defense system" and which had a USAF aircraft control and warning (AC&W) organization of personnel and military installations with radars to allow Air Defense Command ground-controlled interception of Cold War bombers attacking the United States. Planning During World War II the United States Army organized a network of "Army Radar Stations", Aircraft Warning Corps information centers, Ground Observer Corps filter centers, and Fighter Control Centers (which were "inactivated...in April 1944") to provide air defence. A similar post-war system was planned. The Distant Early Warning Line was "first conceived—and rejected—in 1946." General Stratemeyer forwarded an air defense plan to General Spaatz in November 1946. In the spring and summer of 1947, three Air Defense Command Aircraft Control and Warning (AC&W) plans went unfunded. e.g., the 8 April 1947, "air defens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antlers Hotel (Colorado)
The Antlers is a Wyndham Hotel located in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It opened in 1967 and is the third hotel of that name on the same site. The first Antlers Hotel was built in 1883 and burned down in 1898. The second Antlers Hotel, completed in 1901, was torn down in 1964 to make way for the current Antlers. Geography The hotel site is located in the center of downtown Colorado Springs, on Cascade Avenue, just off of Colorado Avenue. It is near Interstate 25. The hotel is near the former Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad depot building and Antlers Park and adjacent to the Antlers Garage. Description The downtown hotel has 272 rooms, including 14 executive suites, 5 junior suite, city facing governors suite and mountain facing founders suite. Within the hotel is 27,500 square feet of meeting space, an indoor pool, health club, beauty salon, breakfast restaurant, sports bar and lobby bar with 50 beers on tap and 50 wines by the glass. History First building (1883–1898) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Antiaircraft Command
An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by possessing an army aviation component. Within a national military force, the word army may also mean a field army. Definition In some countries, such as France and China, the term "army", especially in its plural form "armies", has the broader meaning of armed forces as a whole, while retaining the colloquial sense of land forces. To differentiate the colloquial army from the formal concept of military force, the term is qualified, for example in France the land force is called , meaning Land Army, and the air and space force is called , meaning Air and Space Army. The naval force, although not using the term "army", is also included in the broad sense of the term "armies" — thus the French Navy is an integral component of the collective ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ent AFB
Ent Air Force Base was a United States Air Force base located in the Knob Hill neighborhood of Colorado Springs, Colorado. A tent city, established in 1943 during construction of the base, was initially commanded by Major General Uzal Girard Ent (1900–1948), for whom the base is named. The base was opened in 1951. From 1957 to 1963, the base was the site of North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), which subsequently moved to the Cheyenne Mountain Air Force Station. The base became the Ent Annex to the Cheyenne Mountain facility in 1975. The base was closed in 1976. The site later became the location of the United States Olympic Training Center, which was completed in July 1978. Background The first Air Defense Command was established on 26 February 1940, by the War Department. On 2 March 1940, it was put under the First Army Commander. It managed air defense within four geographic air districts. It was inactivated in mid-1944 when the threat of air attack seem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
