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Constantino De Sá De Noronha
Constantino de Sá de Noronha was the 6th and 8th Governor of Portuguese Ceylon. Sá de Noronha was first appointed in 1618 under Philip II of Portugal, he was Governor until 1622 and then in 1623 until 1630. He was killed during the Battle of Randeniwela in a last stand after refusing to abandon his troops. Several accounts, though varying in accuracy, describe the moment of his death in detail. The Journal of Robert Knox (1681): The General, seeing that defeat, and himself like to be taken, called his black boy (slave) to give him water to drink, and snatching the knife that stuck by his boy’s side, stabbed himself with itThe Journal of João Ribeyro (1681):The General, having done his duty as a chieftain and a soldier, threw himself in the midst of the enemy and cut down all who were bold enough to remain near him, till pierced with balls and arrows he fell dead on a heap of enemies whom he had slain.More recently, the Sri Lankan author C. Gaston Perera, writing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livro Do Armeiro-Mor
The (, ''Book of the Chief Armourer'') is an illuminated manuscript dating back to 1509, during the reign of Manuel I of Portugal, King Manuel I of Kingdom of Portugal, Portugal. The codex is an armorial, a collection of heraldic arms, authored by the King of Arms João do Cró. It is considered one of the masterpieces of illuminated manuscripts preserved in Portugal, alongside, for example, the Apocalypse of Lorvão, from the 12th century, the Book of Hours of Duarte I of Portugal, Book of Hours of King Duarte, or the contemporary Bible of the Jerónimos Monastery and Book of Hours of Manuel I, also produced for the ''Venturoso''. Being the oldest surviving Portuguese armorial to this day, being the oldest source we have regarding certain arms, and also for the beauty of its magnificent illuminations, it is considered the most important Portuguese armorial. It has been called the "supreme monument of what we can call Portuguese heraldic culture." The work is called this because i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip II Of Portugal
Philip III (; 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain and King of Portugal, Portugal (where he is known as Philip II of Portugal) during the Iberian Union. His reign lasted from 1598 until his death in 1621. He held dominion over the Spanish Netherlands, Naples, Sicily, Sardinia, and the Duchy of Milan during the same period. A member of the House of Habsburg, Philip III was born in Madrid to King Philip II of Spain and his fourth wife, Anna of Austria (1549–1580), Anna of Austria. The family was heavily Inbreeding, inbred; Philip II and Anna were related both as uncle and niece, as well as cousins. Philip III married his cousin Margaret of Austria, Queen of Spain, Margaret of Austria, the sister of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor. Although known in Spain as Philip the Pious, his political reputation internationally has generally been negative. Historians C. V. Wedgwood, R. Stradling and J. H. Elliott have described him, respectively, as an "undistinguished and insi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip III Of Portugal
Philip IV (, ; 8 April 160517 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: ''Rey Planeta''), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the arts, including such artists as Diego Velázquez, and his rule over Habsburg Spain, Spain during the Thirty Years' War. By the time of his death, the Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometres (4.7 million square miles) in area but in other aspects was in Decline of Spain, decline, a process to which Philip contributed with his inability to achieve successful domestic and military reform. He was succeeded on his death by his young son Charles II of Spain, Charles II as King of Spain and in 1640 (with the collapse of the Iberian Union) by John IV of Portugal, John IV as King of Portugal. Personal life Philip IV was born in the Royal Palace of Valladolid, and was the eldest son of Philip III of Spai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuno Álvares Pereira (governor)
Nuno Álvares Pereira was the 5th Governor of Portuguese Ceylon. de Meneses was appointed in 1616 under Philip II of Portugal, he was Governor until 1618. He was succeeded by Constantino de Sá de Noronha Constantino de Sá de Noronha was the 6th and 8th Governor of Portuguese Ceylon. Sá de Noronha was first appointed in 1618 under Philip II of Portugal, he was Governor until 1622 and then in 1623 until 1630. He was killed during the Ba .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Pereira, Nuno Alvares Governors of Portuguese Ceylon 16th-century Portuguese people 17th-century Portuguese people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jorge De Albuquerque
Jorge de Albuquerque was the 7th Governor of Portuguese Ceylon. De Albuquerque was appointed in 1622 under Philip III of Portugal, he was Governor until 1623. He was succeeded by Constantino de Sá de Noronha Constantino de Sá de Noronha was the 6th and 8th Governor of Portuguese Ceylon. Sá de Noronha was first appointed in 1618 under Philip II of Portugal, he was Governor until 1622 and then in 1623 until 1630. He was killed during the Ba .... References {{Governors of Portuguese Ceylon Governors of Portuguese Ceylon 16th-century Portuguese people 17th-century Portuguese people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filipe Mascarenhas
Filipe Mascarenhas was the 9th and 15th Governor of Portuguese Ceylon. Mascarenhas was first appointed in 1630 under Philip III of Portugal Philip IV (, ; 8 April 160517 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: ''Rey Planeta''), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the ..., he was Governor until 1631 and then from 1640 to 1645. He was succeeded by Jorge de Almeida and Manuel Mascarenhas Homem respectively. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Mascarenhas, Filipe Governors of Portuguese Ceylon 1580s births Year of death unknown 17th-century Portuguese people Viceroys of Portuguese India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Ceylon
Portuguese Ceylon (; ; ) is the name given to the territory on Ceylon, modern-day Sri Lanka, controlled by the Portuguese Empire between 1597 and 1658. Portuguese presence in the island lasted from 1505 to 1658. Their arrival was largely accidental, and the Portuguese sought control of commerce, rather than territory. The Portuguese were later drawn into the internal politics of the island with the political upheaval of the Wijayaba Kollaya, and used these internal divisions to their advantage during the Sinhalese–Portuguese War, first in an attempt to control the production of valuable cinnamon and later of the entire island. Direct Portuguese rule did not begin until after the death of Dharmapala of Kotte, who died without an heir, and had bequeathed the Kingdom of Kotte to the Portuguese monarch in 1580. That allowed the Portuguese sufficient claim to the Kingdom of Kotte upon Dharmapala's death in 1597. Portuguese rule began with much resistance by the local population. Ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Governors Of Portuguese Ceylon
The Portuguese arrived in the Kingdom of Kotte in 1505. By 1594 they had appointed a captain-general to control the Portuguese occupied territory called Portuguese Ceylon on the island of modern-day Sri Lanka. In that time, there were numerous captain-generals until 1658. The post of captain-general was preceded by that of the captain-major in 1551 and before that by the captain in 1518. List of governors See also * List of monarchs of Sri Lanka * List of captains of Portuguese Ceylon * List of captain-majors of Portuguese Ceylon * History of Sri Lanka References List of heads of state of Sri Lanka at worldstatesmen.org {{Transitional period topics Ceilão Ceilão Ceilão Governors of Portuguese Ceylon Ceylon Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ... 1594 establ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Randeniwela
The Battle of Randeniwela was fought on 25 August 1630 in the Sinhalese–Portuguese War. It was fought between Portuguese Empire and King Senarth's youngest son Prince Maha Astana, who would later become Rajasinghe II against Portuguese forces commanded by then Governor Constantinu De Sá de Noronha.Rasin Deviyo – Chandra Tilake Edirisuriya (Ceylon Today) Accessed 2015-12-13 It was fought at Randeniwela near , a place close to the town of . The battle broke off when Constantino de S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
An Historical Relation Of The Island Ceylon
''An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon'' is a book written by the English trader and sailor Robert Knox in 1681. It describes his experiences some years earlier in the Kingdom of Kandy, on the island today known as Sri Lanka. It provides one of the most important contemporary accounts of 17th century Sri Lankan life. History Knox spent 19 years in Sri Lanka after being taken prisoner by the Kingdom of Kandy during the reign of Rajasinha II. He survived by knitting caps, selling goods and lending rice and corn. He finally escaped with one companion in 1679 and reached Arippu, a Dutch settlement on the north-west coast of the island, from where he was able to return to England in 1680. The book was written during the voyage to England. It came to the attention of Knox's employers, the directors of the British East India Company, who recommended its publication. The historian and biographer John Strype, Knox's cousin, helped him to prepare the book for publication with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Knox (sailor)
Robert Knox (8 February 1641 – 19 June 1720) was an English sea captain in the service of the British East India Company. He was the son of another sea captain, also named Robert Knox. Life Born at Tower Hill in London, the young Knox spent most of his childhood in Surrey and was taught by James Fleetwood, later the Bishop of Winchester. He joined his father's crew on the ship ''Anne'' for his first voyage to India in 1655, at the age of 14, before returning to England in 1657. That year, Oliver Cromwell issued a charter granting the East India Company a monopoly of the Eastern trade, requiring the elder Knox and his crew to join the service of the Company. The two Knoxes sailed for Persia in January 1658. They suffered the loss of the ship's mast in a storm on 19 November 1659, forcing them to put ashore on Ceylon, now Sri Lanka. The ship was impounded and sixteen of the crew, including the Knoxes, were taken captive by the troops of the ruler of Kingdom of Kandy, Kandy, Ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friendly Fire
In military terminology, friendly fire or fratricide is an attack by belligerent or neutral forces on friendly troops while attempting to attack enemy or hostile targets. Examples include misidentifying the target as hostile, cross-fire while engaging an enemy, long range ranging errors or inaccuracy. Accidental fire not intended to attack enemy or hostile targets, and deliberate firing on one's own troops for disciplinary reasons is not called friendly fire,Regan, Geoffrey (2002) ''Backfire: a history of friendly fire from ancient warfare to the present day'', Robson Books and neither is unintentional harm to civilian or neutral targets, which is sometimes referred to as collateral damage. Training accidents and bloodless incidents also do not qualify as friendly fire in terms of casualty reporting. Use of the term ''friendly'' in a military context for allied personnel started during the First World War, often when shells fell short of the targeted enemy. The term ''friend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
