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Consensus (other)
Consensus usually refers to general agreement among a group of people or community. It may also refer to: Sociology * Consensus decision-making, the process of making decisions using consensus. ** Rough consensus, a term used in consensus decision-making to indicate the "sense of the group" concerning a matter under consideration. ** Consensus democracy, democracy where consensus decision-making is used to create, amend or repeal legislation. * Consensus-based assessment, the use of consensus to produce methods of evaluating information. Religion * Ijma', consensus or agreement of Muslim scholars/jurists, basically on religious issues. Philosophy * Consensus reality, reality as defined by consensus, particularly popular consensus, rather than or before other (philosophical) criteria. * Consensus theory of truth, truth as determined by consensus rather than or before other criteria. Psychology * False-consensus effect, a tendency to overestimate the extent to which beliefs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consensus Sequence
In molecular biology and bioinformatics, the consensus sequence (or canonical sequence) is the calculated sequence of most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment. It represents the results of multiple sequence alignments in which related sequences are compared to each other and similar sequence motifs are calculated. Such information is important when considering sequence-dependent enzymes such as RNA polymerase.Pierce, Benjamin A. 2002. Genetics : A Conceptual Approach. 1st ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and Co. Biological significance A protein binding site, represented by a consensus sequence, may be a short sequence of nucleotides which is found several times in the genome and is thought to play the same role in its different locations. For example, many transcription factors recognize particular patterns in the promoters of the genes they regulate. In the same way, restriction enzymes usually have palindromic consensu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consent (other)
Consent is defined as when one person voluntarily agrees to the proposal or desires of another. Consent may also refer to: Types of consent * Consent (criminal law), a defense against criminal liability * Informed consent, obtaining subject approval for medical procedures * Sexual consent, voluntary agreement to engage in sexual acts ** Consent in BDSM, consent as it relates to BDSM Films * '' Consent: The Louise Nicholas Story'', a 2014 New Zealand TV film directed by Robert Sarkies * ''Consent'' (2023 British film), a 2023 British TV film made for Channel 4 * ''Consent'' (2023 French film), a 2023 French film by Vanessa Filho Other uses * ''Consent'' (play), a 2017 play by Nina Raine * Consent (roleplaying), how much control a player has over their character in a role-playing game See also * * Consensus (other) Consensus usually refers to general agreement among a group of people or community. It may also refer to: Sociology * Consensus decision-making ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Washington Consensus
The Washington Consensus is a set of ten economic policy prescriptions considered in the 1980s and 1990s to constitute the "standard" reform package promoted for Economic crisis, crisis-wracked developing country, developing countries by the Washington, D.C.-based institutions the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank and United States Department of the Treasury.Williamson, John"What Washington Means by Policy Reform", in: Williamson, John (ed.): ''Latin American Readjustment: How Much has Happened'', Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics 1989. The term was first used in 1989 by English economist John Williamson (economist), John Williamson. The prescriptions encompassed Free market, free-market promoting policies such as trade economic liberalization, liberalization, privatization and finance liberalization. They also entailed fiscal and monetary policies intended to minimize fiscal deficits and minimize inflation. Subsequent to Williamson's use of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monterrey Consensus
The Monterrey Consensus was the outcome of the 2002 Monterrey Conference, the United Nations International Conference on Financing for Development. in Monterrey, Mexico. It was adopted by Heads of State and Government on 22 March 2002. The Monterrey Consensus was updated at Doha, Qatar in 2008, and again at Addis Ababa in 2015. 2002 Consensus Over fifty Heads of State and two hundred Ministers of Finance, Foreign Affairs, Development and Trade participated in the event. Governments were joined by the Heads of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank and the World Trade Organization (WTO), prominent business and civil society leaders and other stakeholders. New development aid commitments from the United States and the European Union and other countries were made at the conference. Countries also reached agreements on other issues, including debt relief, fighting corruption, and policy coherence. Since its adoption the Monterrey Consensus has become ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copenhagen Consensus
Copenhagen Consensus is a project that seeks to establish priorities for advancing global welfare using methodologies based on the theory of welfare economics, using cost–benefit analysis. It was conceived and organized around 2004 by Bjørn Lomborg, the author of '' The Skeptical Environmentalist'' and the then director of the Danish government's Environmental Assessment Institute. The project is run by the Copenhagen Consensus Center, which is directed by Lomborg and was part of the Copenhagen Business School, but it is now an independent 501(c)(3) non-profit organisation registered in the USA. The project considers possible solutions to a wide range of problems, presented by experts in each field. These are evaluated and ranked by a panel of economists. The emphasis is on rational prioritization by economic analysis. The panel is given an arbitrary budget constraint and instructed to use cost–benefit analysis to focus on a bottom line approach in solving/ranking pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1992 Consensus
The 1992 Consensus is a political term referring to the alleged outcome of a meeting in 1992 between the semi-official representatives of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)-led People's Republic of China (PRC) in mainland China and the Kuomintang (KMT)-led Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan. The consensus is often credited with establishing a diplomatic foundation for semi-official cross-strait exchanges beginning in the early 1990s and is a precondition set by the PRC for engaging in cross-strait dialogue. Whether the meetings truly resulted in a consensus is disputed within the ROC. The KMT understanding of the consensus is "one China, different interpretations" (一中各表, 一個中國各自表述), i.e. that the ROC and PRC "agree" that there is One China, but disagree about what "China" means (i.e. ROC vs. PRC). The PRC's position is that there is one China (including Taiwan), of which PRC is the sole legitimate representative of China. This discrepancy has been criticiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medical Consensus
Medical consensus is a public statement on a particular aspect of medical knowledge at the time the statement is made that a representative group of experts agree to be evidence-based and state-of-the-art (state-of-the-science) knowledge. Its main objective is to counsel Doctors on the best possible and acceptable way to diagnose and treat certain diseases or how to address a particular decision-making area. It is usually, therefore, considered an authoritative, community-based expression of a consensus decision-making and publication process. Methods There are many ways of producing medical consensus, but the most usual way is to convene an independent panel of experts, either by a medical association or by a governmental authority. Since consensus statements provide a "snapshot in time" of the state of knowledge in a particular topic, they must periodically be re-evaluated and published again, replacing the previous consensus statement. Consensus statements differ from medical gui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consensus Theorem
In Boolean algebra In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is a branch of algebra. It differs from elementary algebra in two ways. First, the values of the variable (mathematics), variables are the truth values ''true'' and ''false'', usually denot ..., the consensus theorem or rule of consensus is the identity: :xy \vee \barz \vee yz = xy \vee \barz The consensus or resolvent of the terms xy and \barz is yz. It is the conjunction of all the unique literals of the terms, excluding the literal that appears unnegated in one term and negated in the other. If y includes a term that is negated in z (or vice versa), the consensus term yz is false; in other words, there is no consensus term. The conjunctive De Morgan's laws, dual of this equation is: :(x \vee y)(\bar \vee z)(y \vee z) = (x \vee y)(\bar \vee z) Proof : \begin xy \vee \barz \vee yz &= xy \vee \barz \vee (x \vee \bar)yz \\ &= xy \vee \barz \vee xyz \vee \baryz \\ &= ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consensus (computer Science)
A fundamental problem in distributed computing and multi-agent systems is to achieve overall system reliability in the presence of a number of faulty processes. This often requires coordinating processes to reach consensus, or agree on some data value that is needed during computation. Example applications of consensus include agreeing on what transactions to commit to a database in which order, state machine replication, and atomic broadcasts. Real-world applications often requiring consensus include cloud computing, clock synchronization, PageRank, opinion formation, smart power grids, state estimation, control of UAVs (and multiple robots/agents in general), load balancing, blockchain, and others. Problem description The consensus problem requires agreement among a number of processes (or agents) on a single data value. Some of the processes (agents) may fail or be unreliable in other ways, so consensus protocols must be fault-tolerant or resilient. The processes must p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consensus Decision-making
Consensus decision-making is a group decision-making process in which participants work together to develop proposals for actions that achieve a broad acceptance. #Origin and meaning of term, Consensus is reached when everyone in the group ''assents'' to a decision (or almost everyone; see ''stand aside'') even if some do not fully agree to or support all aspects of it. It differs from simple unanimity, which requires all participants to support a decision. Consensus decision-making in a democracy is consensus democracy. Origin and meaning of term The word ''consensus'' is Latin meaning "agreement, accord", derived from ''consentire'' meaning "feel together". A noun, ''consensus'' can represent a generally accepted opinion – "general agreement or concord; harmony", "a majority of opinion" – or the outcome of a consensus decision-making process. This article refers to the process ''and'' the outcome (e.g. "to decide ''by'' consensus" and "''a'' consensus was reache ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
