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Communist Academy
The Communist Academy ( Russian: Коммунистическая академия, transliterated ''Kommunisticheskaya akademiya'') was a higher educational establishment and research institute based in Moscow. It included scientific institutes of philosophy, history, literature, art and language, Soviet construction and law, world economy and world politics, economics, agrarian research as well as institutes of natural and social science. It was intended to allow Marxists to research problems independent of, and implicitly in rivalry with, the Academy of Sciences which long pre-existed the October Revolution and the subsequent formation of the Soviet Union. The Socialist Academy The Communist Academy was preceded by the Socialist Academy of Social Sciences when it was founded on June 25, 1918 by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. The chairman of the academy was Mikhail Pokrovsky. On 15 April 1919, the name of the Academy was shortened to the Socialist A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academy Of Sciences Of The Soviet Union
The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991, uniting the country's leading scientists, subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 – to the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union). In 1991, by the decree of the President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Russian Academy of Sciences was established on the basis of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. History Creation of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was formed by a resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union dated July 27, 1925 on the basis of the Russian Academy of Sciences (before the February Revolution – the Imperial Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences). In the first years of Soviet Russia, the Institute of the Academy of Sciences was perceived r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institute Of Scientific Information On Social Sciences Of The Russian Academy Of Sciences
Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, INION RAN (russian: Институт научной информации по общественным наукам РАН, ИНИОН) is a major center for research in social studies and humanities. The research center was created in 1969 as a successor to the Russian Academy The Russian Academy or Imperial Russian Academy (russian: Академия Российская, Императорская Российская академия) was established in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1783 by Empress Catherine II of Russia ...'s Fundamental Library of Social Sciences, which was established in 1918. History The information center is known in the Russian and international scientific community for its abstract periodicals, bibliographies, and analytical reports, and for its Fundamental research library holding over 14 million items. The INION maintains and expands its contacts with foreign sci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Bonch-Bruyevich
Vladimir Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich (russian: Владимир Дмитриевич Бонч-Бруевич; sometimes spelled Bonch-Bruevich; in Polish Boncz-Brujewicz; – 14 July 1955) was a Soviet politician, revolutionary, historian, writer and Old Bolshevik. He was Vladimir Lenin's personal secretary. Early life Vladimir Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich, born in Moscow into the family of a land surveyor who came from the Mogilev province, belonged to the nobility of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He was a younger brother of the future Soviet military commander Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich. At the age of ten, he was sent to the in Moscow; where he studied in the school of land surveying. In 1889, he was arrested for taking part in a student demonstration, expelled from the Institute and banished to Kursk. He returned to Moscow in 1892, entered the and distributed illegal literature. From 1895 he was active in social-democratic circles. In 1896 he emigra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Kolman
Ernst Kolman or Arnošt Yaromirovich Kolman (russian: Арношт Яромирович Кольман); 6 December 1892 – 22 January 1979) was a Marxist philosopher, who renounced his former activities as an ideological enforcer in Soviet science. At the age of 84 he sought asylum in Sweden and published a retraction of his previous activity. Biography He was born in Prague to a Jewish family and studied at Charles University. During World War I he fought in the Austro-Hungarian army and was taken prisoner by the Russian forces. After the Russian Revolution he joined the Bolshevik party and worked as a party functionary in the Red Army and the Communist International. In 1923 Kolman was assigned to the party apparatus in Moscow, where he quickly assumed the role of ideological watchdog in scientific community. He became deputy head of the Moscow Party Science Department in 1936. In 1930 Dmitri Egorov, the president of Moscow Mathematical Society was arrested by Soviet se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Lukin
Nikolai Mikhailovich Lukin (Russian: Николай Михайлович Лукин; July 20, 1885 – July 19, 1940) was a Soviet Marxist historian and publicist. He was a leader among Soviet historians in the 1930s, after the death of Mikhail Pokrovsky. He was a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (Bolsheviks) from 1904. He was appointed an Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union on February 13, 1929, expelled on September 5, 1938, and restored on April 26, 1957. Biography Lukin was born in the village of Kuskovo in the Spasskaya volost of the Moscow Governorate (now within the city of Moscow) into the family of an elementary school teacher. A cousin of Nikolai Bukharin, Lukin's sister, Nadezhda Mikhailovna (1887–1940), was Bukharin's first wife. He graduated with a gold medal from the 2nd Moscow Gymnasium and entered the historical and philological faculty of Moscow University (1903). Lukin was a member of the Revolution of 1905–19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Schlichter
Alexander Grigorievich Schlichter (Ukrainian: Александр Григорьевич Шлихтер; 1 September, 1868 – 2 December, 1940) was a Ukrainian Bolshevik politician, Soviet statesman, political scientist and economist. Schlichter's grandfather, originally from western Germany (Württemberg), settled in what is the present-day Poltava Oblast of Ukraine in 1818. Schlichter was ethnically one-quarter German and three-fourths Ukrainian. Following studies at Kharkiv University, Schlichter joined a student the social democratic circle in 1891. He was involved in the technical production of the illegal Bolshevik paper ''Proletary'' while it appeared in the Russian Empire (1904–1906). After the Bolshevik seizure of power he succeeded Vladimir Milyutin as People's Commissar for Agriculture. He also was People's Commissar for Food of the R.S.F.S.R., Commissar Extraordinary for Food in Siberia. In 1919 he became People's Commissar for Food of Ukraine. In 1920 he was Cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugen Varga
Eugen Samuilovich "Jenő" Varga (born as Eugen Weisz, November 6, 1879 in Budapest – October 7, 1964 in Moscow) was a Soviet economist of Hungarian origin. Biography Early years He was born as Jenő Weiß (Hungarian orthography: Weisz) in a poor Jewish family, as a child of Samuel Weisz - who was a teacher in the primary school of Nagytétény - and Julianna Singer. Eugen "Jenő" Varga studied philosophy and economic geography at the University of Budapest. In 1906, he started writing in socialist and academic journals, mainly on economic subjects. Before World War I he gained some fame by discussing with Otto Bauer about the origins of inflation in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In this period he belonged to the Marxist Centrists, of whom Karl Kautsky and Rudolf Hilferding were the most prominent spokesmen. Hungarian revolution In February 1919, Varga joined the newly created Hungarian Communist Party. During the short-lived Hungarian Soviet Republic of 1919, led by Béla Kun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Fritsche
Vladimir Maksimovich Fritsche (Russian: Владимир Максимович Фриче; 27 October Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>O.S. 15 October1870 – 4 September 1929) was a Russian and Soviet Marxist literary and art scholar, critic and academic. Biography Frische was born into a middle-class family of Germans">German origin. After his family's departure to Germany, he supported himself financially by giving lessons. After graduating in 1889 with a medal from a German gymnasium, he entered the Faculty of History and Philology of Gymnasium (school)">gymnasium, he entered the Faculty of History and Philology of Imperial Moscow University, where he studied first classical philology, then Western literature; was the initiator of the creation, and then a member, of the Circle of Lovers of Western European Literature. After graduating from the university in 1894, Fritsche became a faculty member at the Department of General Literature. He joined the Bols ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kliment Timiryazev
Kliment Arkadievich Timiryazev (russian: Климент Аркадьевич Тимирязев, surname sometimes transliterated as Timiriazev; – 28 April 1920) was a Russian Imperial botanist and physiologist and a major proponent of the Evolution Theory of Charles Darwin in Russia. He founded a faculty of vegetable physiology and a laboratory at the Petrovskoye Academy. Biography Timiryazev was born to Arkady Semyenovich Timiryazev, a Russian statesman, and Adelaida Bode, an English woman of French origin, who later received Russian citizenship. He had at least three brothers: Nikolai (1835–1906), a military officer, Dimitri (1837–1903), a specialists in statistics, and Vasily (c. 1840–1912), a writer. Timiryazev was first educated by private teachers at home. In 1861 he entered the Saint Petersburg University and graduated with honors from the faculty of physics and mathematics in 1866. Two years later he published his first article, on a device for studying break ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Izrail Agol
Izrail Iossofovich Agol (Russian: Израиль Иосифович Агол; November 20, 1891 – March 8, 1937) was a Soviet geneticist and philosopher. He was a member of the USSR Academy of Science, worked briefly in the United States of America, and took an interest in radiation induced mutagenesis. As a Marxist philosopher, he also studied vitalist and mechanist views in biology and their relation to Marxism. He was killed in the aftermath of Trofim Lysenko's rise in the Stalin regime. Education and revolutionary activities Agol was born in Babruysk, Belarus to a poor Jewish family. He graduated from high school in Vilna. He was drafted during World War I and was part of a local self-defence group against a pogrom in which a friend and his first love were shot dead. Agol took part in the October Revolution, becoming a member of the Bolshevik wing of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party ("RSDLP(b)") in October 1917. In 1919 he was a member of the Central Executiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Adoratsky
Vladimir Viktorovich Adoratsky (Russian: Владимир Викторович Адоратский; 19 August O.S. 7 August">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 7 August1878, Kazan – 5 June 1945, Moscow) was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet historian, Marxist philosopher and political theorist. Life and career Born in Kazan in to the family of a petty official and nobleman. He graduated in law from the Kazan University, and joined the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1904. Arrested in 1905, he was deported to Astrakhan province. After his release he emigrated to Geneva. Later, he lived in Paris, London - where he met Sidney and Beatrice Webb, Berlin and Munchen, returning to Russia in 1918. From 1920 to 1928, he was assistant manager of the Central Archives Board, and from 1928 to 1931, deputy director of the Lenin Institute, and in 1932 a member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abram Deborin
Abram Moiseyevich Deborin (Ioffe) (russian: Абра́м Моисе́евич Дебо́рин Ио́ффе; , Upyna, Kovno Governorate – 8 March 1963) was a Soviet Marxist philosopher and academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1929). Deborin oscillated between The Bolshevik and Menshevik factions of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, before settling with the Bolsheviks and enjoying a long career as a philosopher in the Soviet Union. Although this career suffered under Stalin, he lived to see his works republished when the Soviet Union was led by Nikita Khrushchev. Before the Russian Revolution Entering the revolutionary movement by the end of the 1890s, Deborin joined the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1903. By 1907, however, he switched to the Menshevik faction and became known as one of Georgi Plekhanov's disciples, both in politics and philosophy. In 1908, Deborin graduated from the philosophy department at Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
