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Combino Głogowska RB2
The Siemens Combino is a low-floor tram produced by Siemens Mobility (formerly Duewag). The first prototype was produced in 1996 at the Duewag works in Düsseldorf; the trams were later built in Krefeld-Uerdingen. Due to its modular design using standardised components, and the resulting reduced costs, the Combino was for a time one of the most successful tram types. They were sold in six countries and a further development was sold to two others. In 2007, a new generation of Combinos was sold to Bern, known as the Combino Classic. This was an updated version of the original design intended to correct defects in the joints between modules. Fourteen of these were produced in 2011 with 12 going to Erfurt and two to Nordhausen. Subsequently, the model was again renamed and is now known as the Avenio M. The original Combino trams were a multi-articulated design with alternating wheeled and suspended sections. For Metro Transportes Sul de Tejo and in Budapest, Siemens developed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basel Combino (1192395101)
Basel ( ; ), also known as Basle ( ), ; ; ; . is a city in northwestern Switzerland on the river Rhine (at the transition from the High Rhine, High to the Upper Rhine). Basel is Switzerland's List of cities in Switzerland, third-most-populous city (after Zurich and Geneva), with 177,595 inhabitants within the city municipality limits. The official language of Basel is Swiss Standard German and the main spoken language is the local Basel German dialect. Basel is commonly considered to be the cultural capital of Switzerland and the city is famous for its many Museums in Basel, museums, including the Kunstmuseum Basel, Kunstmuseum, which is the first collection of art accessible to the public in the world (1661) and the largest museum of Swiss art, art in Switzerland, the Fondation Beyeler (located in Riehen), the Museum Tinguely and the Museum of Contemporary Art (Basel), Museum of Contemporary Art, which is the first public museum of contemporary art in Europe. Forty museums ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Combino Tram Chassis
The Siemens Combino is a low-floor tram produced by Siemens Mobility (formerly Duewag). The first prototype was produced in 1996 at the Duewag works in Düsseldorf; the trams were later built in Krefeld-Uerdingen. Due to its modular design using standardised components, and the resulting reduced costs, the Combino was for a time one of the most successful tram types. They were sold in six countries and a further development was sold to two others. In 2007, a new generation of Combinos was sold to Bern, known as the Combino Classic. This was an updated version of the original design intended to correct defects in the joints between modules. Fourteen of these were produced in 2011 with 12 going to Erfurt and two to Nordhausen. Subsequently, the model was again renamed and is now known as the Avenio M. The original Combino trams were a multi-articulated design with alternating wheeled and suspended sections. For Metro Transportes Sul de Tejo and in Budapest, Siemens developed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torsion (mechanics)
In the field of solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque. Torsion could be defined as strain or angular deformation, and is measured by the angle a chosen section is rotated from its equilibrium position. The resulting stress (torsional shear stress) is expressed in either the Pascal (unit), pascal (Pa), an SI unit for newtons per square metre, or in pounds per square inch (psi) while torque is expressed in newton metres (N·m) or foot-pound force (ft·lbf). In sections perpendicular to the torque axis, the resultant shear stress in this section is perpendicular to the radius. In non-circular cross-sections, twisting is accompanied by a distortion called warping, in which transverse sections do not remain plane. For shafts of uniform cross-section unrestrained against warping, the torsion-related physical properties are expressed as: : T = \frac \tau= \frac G \varphi where: * ''T'' is the applied torque or moment of torsion in Nm. * \tau (t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Combino Wnętrze RB1
The Siemens Combino is a low-floor tram produced by Siemens Mobility (formerly Duewag). The first prototype was produced in 1996 at the Duewag works in Düsseldorf; the trams were later built in Krefeld-Uerdingen. Due to its modular design using standardised components, and the resulting reduced costs, the Combino was for a time one of the most successful tram types. They were sold in six countries and a further development was sold to two others. In 2007, a new generation of Combinos was sold to Bern, known as the Combino Classic. This was an updated version of the original design intended to correct defects in the joints between modules. Fourteen of these were produced in 2011 with 12 going to Erfurt and two to Nordhausen. Subsequently, the model was again renamed and is now known as the Avenio M. The original Combino trams were a multi-articulated design with alternating wheeled and suspended sections. For Metro Transportes Sul de Tejo and in Budapest, Siemens developed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harzquerbahn
The Harz Railway or Trans-Harz Railway () was formerly the main line of the Harz Narrow Gauge Railways (''Harzer Schmalspurbahnen'' or ''HSB'') and runs north to south right across the Harz Mountains from Wernigerode to Nordhausen. However, the tourist attraction of the Brocken, the highest mountain in the Harz, is so great that the Brocken Railway is effectively the main line today. The Trans-Harz Railway joins up with the Selke Valley Railway to Quedlinburg at Eisfelder Talmühle where all trains are organised to make good connections. Route The line begins at the HSB's narrow gauge station in Nordhausen (Nordhausen Nord). It lies in northwest of and parallel to the standard gauge railway station. After passing the link line to the Nordhausen Tramway that joins it from the right, the railway bends towards the north and runs for 7 km to the station of Niedersachswerfen Ost almost parallel to the standard gauge line from Nordhausen to Ellrich (the South Harz Line). The H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tram-train
A tram-train or dual-system tram is a type of light rail vehicle that both meets the standards of a light rail system, and also national mainline standards. Tramcars are adapted to be capable of running on streets like an urban tramway but also be permitted operation alongside mainline trains. This allows services that can utilise both existing urban light rail systems and mainline railway networks and stations. It combines the urban accessibility of a tram or light rail with a mainline train's greater speed in the suburbs. The modern tram-train concept was pioneered by the German city of Karlsruhe in the late 1980s, resulting in the creation of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn. This concept is often referred to as the Karlsruhe model, and it has since been adopted in other cities such as Mulhouse in France and in Kassel, Nordhausen and Saarbrücken in Germany. An inversion of the concept is a train-tram – a mainline train adapted to run on-street in an urban tramway, also know ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Top Gear (magazine)
''Top Gear'' is a British automobile magazine, owned by BBC Worldwide, and published under contract by Immediate Media Company. It is named after the BBC's ''Top Gear (1977 TV series), Top Gear'' television show. It was first published in October 1993 and is published monthly at a price of £5.99. As of December 2022, there have been a total of 360 issues published in the UK. The major presenters of the Top Gear (2002 TV series), rebooted television series — Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May — were regular contributors, along with the series' production staff. "Tame racing driver" The Stig also regularly features in their car tests, though one and only communicates his thoughts and feelings through the articles of others. It is Britain's leading general interest car magazine in sales terms, with over 150,000 copies distributed each month in 2012, a drop of 50,000 from 2007. Previous columnists have included former ''Top Gear'' presenters Quentin Willson, Tiff N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BMW M67
The BMW M67 is an automobile diesel engine, used in the BMW 7 Series. It was first introduced in 1998, and used until 2009. The engine is a common rail turbodiesel V8 design, using double overhead camshafts and 32 valves. It is the first luxury car application of a bi-turbo diesel intercooled V8 engine. The 3.9-litre iteration won the "3-4 L" category of the International Engine of the Year The International Engine of the Year was an annual competition for automotive industry internal combustion engines and electric motors, judged by a panel of automobile journalists from around the world. It is organised by UKi Media & Events' Autom ... award in 1999 and again in 2000. Up to this point, there has been no direct successor to this engine within the BMW lineup. Summary M67D40 The M67D40 was introduced in 1998. Applications: * at 4000 rpm, at 2000 rpm, with a 4700 rpm redline. ** 1998-2000 E38 740d * at 4000 rpm, at 1750-2500 rpm, with a 4700 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diesel Engine
The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which Combustion, ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to Mechanics, mechanical Compression (physics), compression; thus, the diesel engine is called a compression-ignition engine (CI engine). This contrasts with engines using spark plug-ignition of the air-fuel mixture, such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or a gas engine (using a gaseous fuel like natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas). Introduction Diesel engines work by compressing only air, or air combined with residual combustion gases from the exhaust (known as exhaust gas recirculation, "EGR"). Air is inducted into the chamber during the intake stroke, and compressed during the compression stroke. This increases air temperature inside the Cylinder (engine), cylinder so that atomised diesel fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites. The torque a dies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bi-directional Vehicle , triangle junction, or turntable (railroad), turntable ...
A bi-directional vehicle is a vehicle that can be driven in either direction, forwards or backwards. Usually, the term refers to rail vehicles, such as trains or trams, and some airside transfer buses, that are equipped with driver's cabs at both ends. These vehicles generally have entry and exit doors on either side of the vehicle. One major benefit of bi-directional vehicles is the ability to reverse direction at a terminal station with a stub-end track. On a system using double track, a crossover switch is often used to move the vehicle to the other track. This situation contrasts with the use of uni-directional vehicles, which requires the use of a balloon loop A balloon loop, turning loop, or reversing loop ( North American Terminology) allows a rail vehicle or train to reverse direction without having to shunt or stop. Balloon loops can be useful for passenger trains and unit freight trains. Bal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uni-directional Vehicle
A uni-directional vehicle is a vehicle that is normally designed to operate only in the forward direction. While the vast majority of road vehicles are like this, the term generally refers to a train or tram with a distinguishable front and rear end and a single Cab (locomotive), operating cab at the front end. These vehicles often have the capability to operate in reverse, though such operations are limited to low speeds and short distances, such as Shunting (rail), shunting. Uni-directional vehicles commonly have entry and exit doors on only one side of the vehicle (usually the sidewalk side), although some are equipped with doors on both sides, or operate in Right and left hand traffic, opposing traffic flow, to facilitate the use of island platforms. Having doors on only one side allows for an increase in seating on board the vehicle, compared to bi-directional vehicles which have doors on both sides. Because a uni-directional vehicle can only travel in one direction they r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Axle Load
The axle load of a wheeled vehicle is the total weight bearing on the roadway for all wheels connected to a given axle. Axle load is an important design consideration in the engineering of roadways and railways, as both are designed to tolerate a maximum weight-per-axle (axle load); exceeding the maximum rated axle load will cause damage to the roadway or railway tracks. Railway use On railways, a given section of tracks is designed to support a maximum axle load. The maximum axle load is determined by train speeds, weight of rails, density of sleepers and fixtures, amount and standard of ballast, and strength of bridges and earthworks. Higher operating speeds can be achieved by reducing axle loads and increased load-carrying capacity. Operating above the specified load can cause catastrophic failure of track components. The diameter of the wheels also affects the maximum axle load of a Talgo RD wagon. United Kingdom The standard rail weight for British railways is now . Befo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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