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Colaboração Premiada
This glossary contains Brazilian terms related to criminal or corruption investigations, and supporting concepts from politics, the law, government, criminology, and law enforcement. This glossary is not a general or indiscriminate list of terms from Brazilian Portuguese, and is limited in scope. Because this is a specialized glossary, the first meaning(s) listed for a term will be the one(s) related to topics within the scope of this glossary, even if that is not the most common meaning in the spoken or written language for the term in a more general context. Words which present no particular issues of translation or understanding, such as ("governor"), ("investigation"), ("operation") are generally not included. Words which may appear to be obvious on the surface, but which have specialized meanings in certain contexts, are included (e.g., ': not just "prison", but also "arrest"; or ': not just "resource", but also "appeal", "appellate"). Common expressions for governmental a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Portuguese
Brazilian Portuguese (; ; also known as pt-BR) is the set of Variety (linguistics), varieties of Portuguese language native to Brazil. It is spoken by almost all of the 203 million inhabitants of Brazil and widely across the Brazilian diaspora, today consisting of about two million Brazilians who have emigrated to other countries. With a population of over 203 million, Brazil is by far the world's largest List of Portuguese speaking countries, Portuguese-speaking nation and the only one in the Americas where Portuguese, of which Brazilian Portuguese is a variety, is the official language under Article 13 of the Constitution. The Academia Brasileira de Letras (ABL) plays a significant cultural role in its development but has no legal regulatory authority over the language, which is shaped primarily by usage and educational norms in Brazil. Brazilian Portuguese differs notably from European Portuguese in phonetics, vocabulary, and grammar, though it remains a variety of Portuguese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slush Fund
A slush fund is a fund or account used for miscellaneous income and expenses, particularly when these are corrupt or illegal. Such funds may be kept hidden and maintained separately from money that is used for legitimate purposes. Slush funds may be employed by government or corporate officials in efforts to pay influential people discreetly in return for preferential treatment, advance information (such as non-public information in financial transactions), and other services. The funds themselves may not be kept secret but the source of the funds or how they were acquired or for what purposes they are used may be hidden. Use of slush funds to influence government activities may be viewed as subversive of the democratic process. A slush fund can also be a reserve account used to reduce fluctuations in an organization's earnings by withholding them when they are high and supplementing them when they are low. This type of slush fund is not inherently corrupt, but is nonetheless ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Misdemeanor
A misdemeanor (American English, spelled misdemeanour elsewhere) is any "lesser" criminal act in some common law legal systems. Misdemeanors are generally punished less severely than more serious felonies, but theoretically more so than administrative infractions (also known as minor, petty, or summary offences) and regulatory offences. Typically, misdemeanors are punished with prison time of no longer than one year, monetary fines, or community service. Distinction between felonies and misdemeanors A misdemeanor is considered a crime of lesser seriousness, and a felony one of greater seriousness. The maximum punishment for a misdemeanor is less than that for a felony under the principle that the punishment should fit the crime. One standard for measurement is the degree to which a crime affects others or society. Measurements of the degree of seriousness of a crime have been developed. In the United States, the federal government generally considers a crime punishable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Dictatorship In Brazil
The military dictatorship in Brazil (), occasionally referred to as the Fifth Brazilian Republic, was established on 1 April 1964, after a 1964 Brazilian coup d'état, coup d'état by the Brazilian Armed Forces, with support from the United States government, against president João Goulart. The Brazilian dictatorship lasted for 21 years, until 15 March 1985. The coup was planned and executed by the most senior commanders of the Brazilian Army and received the support of almost all high-ranking members of the military, along with conservative sectors in society, like the Catholic Church in Brazil, Catholic Church and anti-communist civilian movements among the Brazilian middle and upper classes. The military regime, particularly after the Institutional Act Number Five, Institutional Act No. 5 of 1968, practiced extensive Censorship under the military dictatorship in Brazil, censorship and committed Human rights abuses of the military dictatorship in Brazil (1964–1985), human ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Constitution Of 1988
The Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil () is the supreme law of Brazil. It is the foundation and source of the legal authority underlying the existence of Brazil and the federal government of Brazil. It replaced the autocratic 1967 constitution capping 21 years of military dictatorship and establishing Brazil's current republic, often referred to as the New Republic. Made in the light of the Brazilian transition to democracy, it resignified the role of the state in the citizens' lives, providing a vast system of human and individual rights protection, social welfare, and democratic tools. Overview The 1988 Brazilian Constitution is the seventh enacted since the country's independence in 1822, and the sixth since the proclamation of the republic in 1889. It was promulgated on 5 October 1988, after a two-year process in which it was written from scratch. History The current Constitution of Brazil was drafted as a reaction to the period of military dictatorshi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Material Witness
In American criminal law, a material witness is a person with information alleged to be material concerning a criminal proceeding. The authority to detain material witnesses dates to the First Judiciary Act of 1789, but the Bail Reform Act of 1984 most recently amended the text of the statute, and it is now codified at . The most recent version allows material witnesses to be held to ensure the giving of their testimony in criminal proceedings or to a grand jury. Since September 11, 2001, the U.S. has used the material witness statute to detain suspects without charge for indefinite periods of time, often under the rubric of securing grand-jury testimony. This use of the statute is controversial and is currently under judicial review. In '' Ashcroft v. al-Kidd'' (2011), the detainee was never charged or called as a witness, and sued John Ashcroft, then the U.S. attorney general. The Supreme Court overturned a ruling by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals and held that Ashcro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Condução Coercitiva
''Condução coercitiva'' is a Brazilian judicial mandate or summons, which provides for a compulsory method of bringing subjects of a judicial process, victims, witnesses, accused parties, or expert subjects into the presence of law enforcement or judicial authorities against their wishes. This is a measure provided for in the Penal Code of Brazil (CPP) as a means of compelling the appearance of a person to attend an action to which he was summoned, but who failed to do so without justification. According to some jurists, this is a form of short-term "precautionary detention" () whose purpose is to ensure the convenience of the production of proof. If equated with precautionary detention, is contrary to the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 Article 5, paragraph LXI, even though the procedure is in the Penal Code of Brazil, instituted in 1941. The CPP authorizes the enforcement of the of victims, witnesses, defendants, and experts who refuse to appear in court, and who may eve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corrupção Ativa
''Corrupção'' (''Corruption'') is a 2007 Portuguese film directed by João Botelho, starring Nicolau Breyner and Margarida Vila-Nova. Based on Carolina Salgado's book '' Eu, Carolina'' (''I, Carolina''), it was the second highest-grossing Portuguese film in 2007. Cast *Nicolau Breyner as President *Margarida Vila-Nova as Sofia *António Pedro Cerdeira as Inspector Luís *Alexandra Lencastre as Sofia's mother *André Gomes as President's lawyer *Carlos Costa as bar's boss *Dinarte Branco as doctor *Filipe Vargas as Polícia Judiciária agent *João Cabral as editor 2 *João Lagarto as Figueira *João Ricardo as businessman *José Eduardo as Admiral *José Raposo as Polícia Judiciária Inspector *Luís Soveral as beaten deputy *Miguel Guilherme as President of referees *Miguel Monteiro as Polícia Judiciária Director *Paula Guedes as Zulmira *Paulo Filipe as journalist's friend *Rita Blanco as General's wife *Rui Morrison as attorney *Ruy de Carvalho as President Judge *Suzana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
