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Coelacanth
Coelacanths ( ) are an ancient group of lobe-finned fish (Sarcopterygii) in the class Actinistia. As sarcopterygians, they are more closely related to lungfish and tetrapods (the terrestrial vertebrates including living amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) than to ray-finned fish. The name coelacanth originates from the Permian genus '' Coelacanthus'', which was the first scientifically named genus of coelacanths (in 1839), becoming the type genus of Coelacanthiformes as other species were discovered and named. Well-represented in freshwater and marine deposits from as early as the Devonian period (more than 410million years ago), they were thought to have become extinct in the Late Cretaceous, around 66million years ago. The first living species, ''Latimeria chalumnae'', the West Indian Ocean coelacanth, was described from specimens fished off the coast of South Africa from 1938 onward; they are now also known to inhabit the seas around the Comoro Islands off the eas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadronectoridae
Coelacanths ( ) are an ancient group of Sarcopterygii, lobe-finned fish (Sarcopterygii) in the Class (biology), class Actinistia. As sarcopterygians, they are more closely related to lungfish and tetrapods (the terrestrial vertebrates including living amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) than to Actinopterygii, ray-finned fish. The name coelacanth originates from the Permian genus ''Coelacanthus'', which was the first scientifically named genus of coelacanths (in 1839), becoming the type genus of Coelacanthiformes as other species were discovered and named. Well-represented in freshwater and marine Geological formation, deposits from as early as the Devonian period (more than 410million years ago), they were thought to have become extinct in the Late Cretaceous, around Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, 66million years ago. The first living species, ''Latimeria chalumnae'', the West Indian Ocean coelacanth, was Species description, described from specimens Fishing, f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplocercidae
Coelacanths ( ) are an ancient group of lobe-finned fish (Sarcopterygii) in the class Actinistia. As sarcopterygians, they are more closely related to lungfish and tetrapods (the terrestrial vertebrates including living amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) than to ray-finned fish. The name coelacanth originates from the Permian genus ''Coelacanthus'', which was the first scientifically named genus of coelacanths (in 1839), becoming the type genus of Coelacanthiformes as other species were discovered and named. Well-represented in freshwater and marine deposits from as early as the Devonian period (more than 410million years ago), they were thought to have become extinct in the Late Cretaceous, around 66million years ago. The first living species, ''Latimeria chalumnae'', the West Indian Ocean coelacanth, was described from specimens fished off the coast of South Africa from 1938 onward; they are now also known to inhabit the seas around the Comoro Islands off the east ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Indian Ocean Coelacanth
The West Indian Ocean coelacanth (''Latimeria chalumnae'') (sometimes known as gombessa, African coelacanth, or simply coelacanth) is a crossopterygian, one of two extant species of coelacanth, a rare order of vertebrates more closely related to lungfish and tetrapods than to the common ray-finned fishes. The other extant species is the Indonesian coelacanth (''L. menadoensis''). The West Indian Ocean coelacanth was historically known by fishermen around the Comoro Islands (where it is known as ''gombessa''), Madagascar, and Mozambique in the western Indian Ocean, but first scientifically recognised from a specimen collected in South Africa in 1938. This coelacanth was once thought to be evolutionarily conservative, but discoveries have shown initial morphological diversity. It has a vivid blue pigment, and is the better known of the two extant species. The species has been assessed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. Anatomy and physiology The average weight of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Axelrodichthys
''Axelrodichthys'' is an extinct genus of mawsoniidae, mawsoniid coelacanth from the Cretaceous of Africa, North America, North and South America, and Europe. Several species are known, the remains of which were discovered in the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) of Brazil, North Africa, and possibly Mexico, as well as in the Upper Cretaceous of Morocco (Cenomanian), Madagascar (Coniacian –Santonian) and France (Lower Campanian to Lower Maastrichtian). The ''Axelrodichthys'' of the Lower Cretaceous frequented both Brackish water, brackish and coastal Seawater, marine waters (lagoon-coastal environment) while the most recent species lived exclusively in fresh waters (lakes and rivers). The French specimens are the last known fresh water coelacanths. Most of the species of this genus reached to in length. ''Axelrodichthys'' was named in 1986 by John G. Maisey in honor of the American Ichthyology, ichthyologist Herbert R. Axelrod. Description Like its close relative ''Mawsoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarcopterygii
Sarcopterygii (; )—sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii ()—is a clade (traditionally a class (biology), class or subclass) of vertebrate animals which includes a group of bony fish commonly referred to as lobe-finned fish. These vertebrates are characterised by prominent muscular limb buds (lobes) within their fish fin, fins, which are supported by articulated appendicular skeletons. This is in contrast to the other clade of bony fish, the Actinopterygii, which have only skin-covered lepidotrichia, bony spines supporting the fins. The tetrapods, a mostly terrestrial animal, terrestrial clade of vertebrates, are now recognized as having evolved from sarcopterygian ancestors and are most closely related to lungfishes. Their paired pectoral fins, pectoral and pelvic fins evolved into limb (anatomy), limbs, and their lung bud, foregut diverticulum eventually evolved into air-breathing lungs. Cladistics, Cladistically, this would make the tetrapods a subgroup within ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mawsoniidae
Mawsoniidae is an extinct family of prehistoric coelacanth fishes which lived during the Triassic to Cretaceous periods. Members of the family are distinguished from their sister group, the Latimeriidae (which contains the living coelacanths of the genus ''Latimeria'') by the presence of ossified ribs, a coarse rugose texture on the dermatocranium and cheek bones, the absence of the suboperculum and the spiracular, and reduction or loss of the descending process of the supratemporal. Mawsoniids are known from North America, Europe, South America, Africa, Madagascar and Asia. Unlike Latimeriidae, which are exclusively marine, Mawsoniidae were also native to freshwater and brackish environments. Mawsoniids represent among the youngest known coelacanths, with the youngest known remains of the freshwater genus '' Axelrodichthys'' from France and an indeterminate marine species from Morocco being from the final stage of the Cretaceous, the Maastrichtian The Maastrichtian ( ) i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latimeriidae
Latimeriidae is the only extant family of coelacanths, an ancient lineage of lobe-finned fish. It contains two extant species in the genus ''Latimeria'', found in deep waters off the coasts of southern Africa and east-central Indonesia. In addition, several fossil genera are known from the Mesozoic of Europe, the Middle East, and the southeastern United States, dating back to the Triassic. The latimeriids are thought to have always been an exclusively marine group. They may have originated in the western Tethys Sea, as many of the earliest species are known from areas that it formerly covered. The largest known member of the family, the Late Cretaceous '' Megalocoelacanthus'', may have reached 4.5 metres in length. The Latimeriidae are thought to be the sister group to the Mawsoniidae, an extinct family of coelacanths that survived until the Late Cretaceous The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the more recent of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coelacanthus Granulatus
''Coelacanthus'', from Ancient Greek κοῖλος (''koîlos''), meaning "hollow", and ἄκανθα (''ákantha''), meaning "spine", is a genus of extinct marine coelacanths known from the late Permian period. It was the first genus of coelacanths described, about a century before the discovery of the extant coelacanth ''Latimeria''. The order Coelacanthiformes is named after it. Taxonomy The only definitive species in this genus is ''C. granulatus'' from the late Permian (Wuchiapingian stage) Kupferschiefer of Germany and equivalent Marl Slate of England. The genus has long been used to group unrelated species of coelacanths, and several other species that were first referred to ''Coelacanthus'' were later reallocated to other genera. ''Coelacanthus minor'' was considered by Woodward (1891) as potentially belonging to the Triassic genus ''Heptanema'', while Martin and Wenz (1984) considered ''Coelacanthus lunzensis'' a possible synonym of '' Garnbergia''. ''Coelacanthus m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rebellatrix
''Rebellatrix divaricerca'' ("rebel coelacanth (with a) forked tail", after the unique tail fin) is a large prehistoric coelacanth from the Lower Triassic Sulphur Mountain formation and Wapiti Lake Provincial Park of British Columbia. It is the only known species of the family Rebellatricidae. ''R. divaricerca'''s most distinguishing feature was its tuna-like forked tail (unusual for an actinistian fish), which suggested a fast-swimming and active lifestyle, unlike coelacanths related to the living species. PRPRC 2006.10.001, the holotype specimen, is a nearly complete fossil, with the exception of some fins and a large amount of the skull, as well as an incomplete tail fin. Three other specimens reveal the rest of the tail. Most specimens at the Tumbler Ridge Museum in Tumbler Ridge, with one at the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology. ''Rebellatrix'' may have reached in length. In addition to its uniquely forked (and symmetrical) tail fin, the posterior dorsal fin is be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laugiidae
Laugiidae is an extinct family of prehistoric marine coelacanths which lived during the Triassic and Jurassic periods. Their fossils have been found in Canada, Germany and Greenland. They are notable for the extreme temporal disjunction seen between genera; two genera, ''Laugia'' and ''Belemnocerca'', are known from the Early Triassic, and another (''Coccoderma'') is known from the Late Jurassic, leaving a ghost lineage spanning 100 million years between these two time periods. The presence of ''Coccoderma'' in the Late Jurassic makes Laugiidae the latest surviving non- latimerioid coelacanth lineage; almost all other non-latimerioid coelacanths were extinct by the Carnian stage of the Late Triassic, leaving only the latimerioids (Latimeriidae and Mawsoniidae) as the dominant coelacanth groups. It has been estimated that the laugiids diverged from the latimerioids & allied taxa (such as the Whiteiidae) during the Early Permian. Included genera * '' Belemnocerca'' Wendruff & W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
