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Civil Nuclear Constabulary
The Civil Nuclear Constabulary (CNC) (Welsh language, Welsh: ''Heddlu Sifil Niwclear'') is a Special police#United Kingdom, special police force responsible for providing law enforcement agency, law enforcement and security at any relevant nuclear site and for security of nuclear materials in transit within the United Kingdom. The force has over 1,500 police officers and support staff. Officers within the force are authorised firearms officers due to the nature of the industry the force protects. The CNC was established on 1 April 2005, replacing the former UK Atomic Energy Authority Constabulary, Atomic Energy Authority Constabulary established in 1955, and is overseen by the Civil Nuclear Police Authority. The CNC does not guard the Nuclear weapons and the United Kingdom, United Kingdom's nuclear weapons; this role is the responsibility of the 43 Commando Fleet Protection Group Royal Marines, British Armed Forces and the Ministry of Defence Police. Role The core role of the CNC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UK Atomic Energy Authority Constabulary
The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Constabulary was the armed security police force of the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. The force existed for 50 years, operating from 1955, until 1 April 2005. Establishment The constabulary was established under the provisions of the Atomic Energy Authority Act 1954 (2 & 3 Eliz. 2. c. 32) which had established the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. The powers of the constabulary were extended by the Atomic Energy Authority (Special Constables) Act 1976 (c. 23). Organisation The force was made up of 650 armed personnel (the majority of whom were from the UKAEA Constabulary), protecting sixteen atomic sites and protecting transportation of nuclear materials around the United Kingdom and abroad. At that time UKAEAC/CNC came under the Department of Trade and Industry (United Kingdom), Department for Trade and Industry. Abolition On 1 April 2005, the Civil Nuclear Constabulary (CNC) was established in adherence to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Department For Energy Security And Net Zero
The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) is a Departments of the Government of the United Kingdom, ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It was established on 7 February 2023 by a February 2023 British cabinet reshuffle, cabinet reshuffle under the Sunak ministry, Rishi Sunak premiership. The new department took on the energy policy responsibilities of the former Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy (BEIS). The department's first Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero, Secretary of State was Grant Shapps; he was previously the final Secretary of State at BEIS. The current secretary is Ed Miliband. The department is scrutinised by the Energy Security and Net Zero Select Committee. History The department was established on 7 February 2023. The creation of the new department was described by Downing Street as an opportunity to "focus on giving the UK cheaper, cleaner, more secure sources of energy – cut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reprocessed Uranium
Reprocessed uranium (RepU) is the uranium recovered from nuclear reprocessing, as done commercially in France, the UK and Japan and by nuclear weapons states' military plutonium production programs. This uranium makes up the bulk of the material separated during reprocessing. Commercial LWR spent nuclear fuel contains on average (excluding cladding) only four percent plutonium, minor actinides and fission products by weight. Despite it often containing more fissile material than natural uranium, reuse of reprocessed uranium has not been common because of low prices in the uranium market of recent decades, and because it contains undesirable isotopes of uranium. Given sufficiently high uranium prices, it is feasible for reprocessed uranium to be re- enriched and reused. It requires a higher enrichment level than natural uranium to compensate for its higher levels of 236U which is lighter than 238U and therefore concentrates in the enriched product. As enrichment concentrate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spent Nuclear Fuel
Spent nuclear fuel, occasionally called used nuclear fuel, is nuclear fuel that has been irradiated in a nuclear reactor (usually at a nuclear power plant). It is no longer useful in sustaining a nuclear reaction in an ordinary thermal reactor and, depending on its point along the nuclear fuel cycle, it will have different isotopic constituents than when it started. Nuclear fuel rods become progressively more radioactive (and less thermally useful) due to neutron activation as they are fissioned, or "burnt", in the reactor. A fresh rod of low enriched uranium pellets (which can be safely handled with gloved hands) will become a highly lethal gamma emitter after 1–2 years of core irradiation, unsafe to approach unless under many feet of water shielding. This makes their invariable accumulation and safe temporary storage in spent fuel pools a prime source of high level radioactive waste and a major ongoing issue for future permanent disposal. Nature of spent fuel Nanomaterial pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Nuclear Services
International Nuclear Services (INS) is a United Kingdom company involved in the management and transport of nuclear fuels. INS is based near Whitehaven, in Cumbria and is operated by Nuclear Transport Solutions, a wholly owned subsidiary of the UK Government's Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA). History INS began as the Spent Fuel Services division of British Nuclear Fuels (BNFL). As part of the restructuring of BNFL, 49% of the business was transferred to the NDA in 2006. It was renamed International Nuclear Services in 2007 and in April 2008, as BNFL was wound up, the NDA acquired the remaining 51% of INS. Operations INS offers management, consultancy and transport services covering uranium, MOX fuel, irradiated fuel and nuclear waste. It also acts as the NDA's commercial arm, managing contracts for services provided from the NDA's Sellafield and Dounreay sites. As part of this role it works alongside the NDA's Direct Rail Services subsidiary, which transports nuclear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Police Use Of Firearms In The United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, police firearm policy varies by constituent countries. In Northern Ireland, all police officers carry firearms whereas in the rest of the United Kingdom, firearms are carried only by specially-trained firearms officers. The Police Service of Northern Ireland (formerly the Royal Ulster Constabulary), Northern Ireland Security Guard Service, Ministry of Defence Police, Civil Nuclear Constabulary, Belfast Harbour Police, Belfast International Airport Constabulary, and some of the Specialist Operations units of the Metropolitan Police involved in firearms and counter-terrorism policing are all issued firearms as a matter of routine. Every force also has a firearms unit, with armed response vehicles. The vast majority of officers are instead issued with other items for personal defence, such as speedcuffs, extendable "ASP" batons, and incapacitant sprays such as PAVA or CS spray. While not firearms, incapacitant sprays are subject to some of the same r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Territorial Police Force
A territorial police force is a police service that is responsible for an area defined by sub-national boundaries, distinguished from other police services which deal with the entire country or a type of crime. In countries organized as federations, police responsible for individual sub-national jurisdictions are typically called state or provincial police. Canada The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP/GRC) is the federal-level police service. It also acts as the provincial police service in every province except for Ontario, and Quebec, which operate provincial police services, as well as Newfoundland and Labrador, which is served by the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary. The RCMP is also contracted to act as the territorial police force in Nunavut, Yukon and the Northwest Territories in addition to being the federal police force in those Canadian territories. Spanish Sahara A separate Sahrawi indigenous unit serving the Spanish colonial government was the ''Policia Territori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Law Enforcement In The United Kingdom
Law enforcement in the United Kingdom is organised separately in each of the legal systems of the United Kingdom: England and Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Most law enforcement duties are carried out by police, police constables of a territorial police force. As of 2021, there were 39 territorial police forces in England, 4 in Wales, Police Scotland, one in Scotland, and Police Service of Northern Ireland, one in Northern Ireland. Each is responsible for most law enforcement and crime reduction in its police area. The territorial police forces of England and Wales are overseen by the Home Office and by a police and crime commissioner or other police authority, although they are operationally independent from government. The British Transport Police (BTP), the Ministry of Defence Police (MDP), and the Civil Nuclear Constabulary (CNC) provide Special police, specialist policing services in England, Scotland and Wales. The National Crime Agency (NCA) is primarily tasked ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thames Valley Police
Thames Valley Police is the territorial police force responsible for policing the Thames Valley region, covering the counties of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire in South East England. It is the largest non-metropolitan police force in England and Wales, covering and a population of 2.42 million people. History Prior to the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 there were ancient ways of keeping law and order through Parish constables or quasi police bodies who conducted a wide range of duties. Modern policing in Thames Valley can be traced back to the 1835 act when a number of boroughs set up police forces. For example Newbury Borough Police were operating as a small police force soon after the passing of the Act. The force was one of around twenty borough forces that were later amalgamated with their county police force. These were Buckinghamshire Constabulary, Oxfordshire Constabulary, Berkshire Constabulary, Reading Borough Police and Oxford City Police founded i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mike Griffiths (police Officer)
Michael Trevor Griffiths is a retired British police officer who served as Chief Constable and Chief Executive of the Civil Nuclear Constabulary from 2013 until 2019; prior to which, he was an officer of the British Army who retired as a Brigadier. Early life and education Griffiths spent part of his childhood in Carlisle and started his military career as a cadet in the Keswick detachment of Cumbria Army Cadet Force. He studied at the University of Southampton and graduated in politics and international studies. Military career Having attended the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, Griffiths was commissioned into the General List of the British Army as a second lieutenant on 5 August 1978. He transferred to the King's Own Royal Border Regiment on 3 March 1979, He was promoted to captain on 5 February 1985, to major on 30 September 1991, and to lieutenant colonel on 30 June 1998. He eventually rose to become commanding officer of the King's Own Royal Border Regiment. Griffit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
