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Citrus Bergamia
''Citrus bergamia'', the bergamot orange (pronounced ), is a fragrant citrus, citrus fruit the size of an orange (fruit), orange, with a yellow or green colour similar to a lime (fruit), lime, depending on ripeness. Genetic research into the ancestral origins of extant citrus cultivars found bergamot orange to be a probable hybrid of lemon (itself a hybrid between bitter orange and citron) and bitter orange. Extracts have been used as an aromatic ingredient in food, tea, snus, perfumes, and cosmetics. Use on the skin can increase photosensitivity, resulting in greater damage from sun exposure. Etymology The word bergamot is derived from the Italian word , derived either from the Italian town of Bergamo or Ottoman Turkish (, 'prince's pear'). Description ''Citrus bergamia'' is a small tree that blossoms during the winter. The juice tastes less sour than lemon, but more bitter than grapefruit. Phytochemicals Bergamot fruit or oil contains flavonoids, such as neoeriocitrin, nari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Antoine Risso
Giuseppe Antonio Risso (8 April 1777 – 25 August 1845), called Antoine Risso, was a natural history, naturalist from Nice. Risso was born in the city of Nice in the Duchy of Savoy, and studied under Giovanni Battista Balbis. He published ' (1810), ' (1826) and ' (1818–1822). Risso's dolphin was named after him. He is denoted by the List of botanists by author abbreviation, author abbreviation Risso when Author citation (botany), citing a botanical name; the same abbreviation is used for International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, zoological names. Genera and species named after him * ''Rissoa'' : a genus of gastropods * ''Rissoella'' : a genus of gastropod * ''Rissoella verruculosa, Rissoella'' : a genus of red algae * ''Electrona risso'' : a lanternfish *''Polyacanthonotus rissoanus'' : smallmouth spiny eel Genera and species named by him He named 549 marine genera and species. International Plant Names Index, IPNI gives 81 records for Risso. Bibliography * Risso A. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavonoid
Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word ''flavus'', meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans. Chemically, flavonoids have the general structure of a 15-carbon skeleton, which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a Heterocyclic compound, heterocyclic ring (C, the ring containing the embedded oxygen). This carbon structure can be abbreviated C6-C3-C6. According to the IUPAC nomenclature, they can be classified into: *flavonoids or bioflavonoids *isoflavonoids, derived from 3-phenylchromone, chromen-4-one (3-phenyl-1,4-benzopyran, benzopyrone) structure *neoflavonoids, derived from 4-phenylcoumarin (4-phenyl-1,2-benzopyran, benzopyrone) structure The three flavonoid classes above are all ketone-containing compounds and as such, anthoxanthins (flavones and flavonols). This class was the first to be termed bioflavonoids. The terms flavonoid and bioflavo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mentha
''Mentha'', also known as mint (from Greek , Linear B ''mi-ta''), is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is estimated that 13 to 24 species exist, but the exact distinction between species is unclear. Hybridization occurs naturally where some species' ranges overlap. Many hybrids and cultivars are known. The genus has a subcosmopolitan distribution, growing best in wet environments and moist soils. Description Mints are aromatic, almost exclusively perennial herbs. They have wide-spreading underground and overground stolons and erect, square, branched stems. Mints will grow tall and can spread over an indeterminate area. Due to their tendency to spread unchecked, some mints are considered invasive. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, from oblong to lanceolate, often downy, and with a serrated margin. Leaf colors range from dark green and gray-green to purple, blue, and sometimes pale yellow. The flowers are produced in long bracts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eau De Cologne Mint
Eau de Cologne mint, also known as orange mint and bergamot mint, is a cultivated mint. In a 1970 study, most plants were found to be male sterile forms of '' Mentha aquatica'', so were regarded as ''Mentha aquatica'' var. ''citrata'', although in England the hybrid ''Mentha'' × ''piperita'' was found. The Royal Horticultural Society treats eau de Cologne mint as ''Mentha'' × ''piperita'' f. ''citrata''. The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families sinks both scientific names into ''Mentha aquatica''. Description Eau de Cologne mint has a strong odor due to the two chemical constituents, linalyl acetate (45%) and linalool Linalool () refers to two enantiomers of a naturally occurring terpene alcohol found in many flowers and spice plants. Together with geraniol, nerol, and citronellol, linalool is one of the rose alcohols. Linalool has multiple commercial app ... (45-50%), which make up around 90% of the oil. Kiran, a high-yielding variety, produces 150 kg of oi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monarda Fistulosa
''Monarda fistulosa'', the wild bergamot or bee balm,Wild Bergamot , Edmonton Naturalization Group is a in the mint family , widespread and abundant as a native plant in much of North America. This plant, with showy summer-blooming pink to lavender flowers, is often used as a , , and [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monarda Didyma
''Monarda didyma'', the crimson beebalm, scarlet beebalm, scarlet monarda, Eau-de-Cologne plant, Oswego tea, or bergamot, is a North American aromatic herb in the family Lamiaceae. Description ''M. didyma'' is a perennial plant that grows to in height and spreads . The medium to deep green leaves are long, shaped ovate to ovate-lanceolate, with serrate margins, placed opposite on square, hollow stems. The leaves are minty fragrant when crushed. The plant's odor is similar to that of the bergamot orange (used to flavor Earl Grey tea). The bright and red flowers are ragged, tubular and long, borne on showy heads of about 30 together, with reddish bracts. It grows in dense clusters along stream banks, moist thickets, and ditches, blooming for about 8 weeks from early to late summer. Taxonomy The genus name comes from Nicolas Monardes, the first European to describe the American flora, in 1569. Distribution and habitat The species is native to eastern North America from Main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry
The ''Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry'' is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1953 by the American Chemical Society. Since 2015, Thomas Hofmann (Technical University of Munich) has been the editor-in-chief. The journal covers research dealing with the chemistry and biochemistry of agriculture and food including work with chemistry and/or biochemistry as a major component combined with biological/sensory/nutritional/toxicological evaluation related to agriculture and/or food. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in Chemical Abstracts Service, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, CABI, and the Science Citation Index Expanded. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the ''Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry'' has a 2015 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indole Alkaloid
Indole alkaloids are a class of alkaloids containing a structural moiety of indole; many indole alkaloids also include isoprene groups and are thus called terpene indole or secologanin tryptamine alkaloids. Containing more than 4100 known different compounds, it is one of the largest classes of alkaloids. Many of them possess significant physiological activity and some of them are used in medicine. The amino acid tryptophan is the biochemical precursor of indole alkaloids. History The action of some indole alkaloids has been known for ages. Aztecs used the psilocybin mushrooms which contain alkaloids psilocybin and psilocin. The flowering plant ''Rauvolfia serpentina'' which contains reserpine was a common medicine in India around 1000 BC. Africans used the roots of the perennial rainforest shrub Iboga, which contain ibogaine, as a stimulant. An infusion of Calabar bean seeds was given to people accused of crime in Nigeria: its rejection by stomach was regarded as a sign of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mini-Reviews In Medicinal Chemistry
''Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry'' is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of medicinal chemistry. It is published by Bentham Science Publishers and the editors-in-chief are Atta-ur-Rahman (University of Cambridge), M. Iqbal Choudhary ( University of Karachi), and George Perry (University of Texas at San Antonio). Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.862. Controversy concerning Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry employs peer review, however, several scientists have raised concerns about whether it is a predatory journal Predatory publishing, also write-only publishing or deceptive publishing, is an exploitative academic publishing business model, where the journal or publisher prioritizes self-interest at the expense of scholarship. It is characterized by misle ... after being invited to revi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bergamottin
Bergamottin (5-geranoxypsoralen) is a natural furanocoumarin found in the pulp of pomelos and grapefruits. It is also found in the peel and pulp of the bergamot orange, from which it was first isolated and from which its name is derived. Chemistry Bergamottin and dihydroxybergamottin are linear furanocoumarins functionalized with side chains derived from geraniol. They are inhibitors of some isoforms of the cytochrome P450 enzyme, in particular CYP3A4. This prevents oxidative metabolism of certain drugs by the enzyme, resulting in an elevated concentration of drug in the bloodstream. Under normal circumstances, the grapefruit juice effect is considered to be a negative interaction, and patients are often warned not to consume grapefruit or its juice when taking medication. However, some current research is focused on the potential benefits of cytochrome P450 inhibition. Bergamottin, dihydroxybergamottin, or synthetic analogs may be developed as drugs that are targeted to inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brutieridin
Brutieridin is a flavanone glycoside. Brutieridin was discovered in bergamot orange juice and exhibits statin-like properties in preclinical research, as well as an anticholesterolaemic effect. See also *Melitidin
Melitidin is a flavanone glycoside. Melitidin was discovered in bergamot orange juice and exhibits statin
Statins (or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) are a class of medications that lower cholesterol. They are prescribed typically to people ...
References Bibliography * * * *External links *[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melitidin
Melitidin is a flavanone glycoside. Melitidin was discovered in bergamot orange juice and exhibits statin Statins (or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) are a class of medications that lower cholesterol. They are prescribed typically to people who are at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) carriers of cholesterol play ...-like properties in preclinical research. See also * BrutieridinReferences Bibliography * * * *External links * Flavanone glycosides[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
