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Chinghiz Aitmatov
Chinghiz Torekulovich Aitmatov (12 December 1928 – 10 June 2008) was a Kyrgyz author who wrote mainly in Russian, but also in Kyrgyz. He is one of the best known figures in Kyrgyzstan's literature. Life He was born to a Kyrgyz father and Tatar mother. Aitmatov's parents were civil servants in Sheker. In 1937, his father was charged with " bourgeois nationalism" in Moscow, arrested, and executed in 1938. Aitmatov lived at a time when Kyrgyzstan was being transformed from one of the most remote lands of the Russian Empire to a republic of the USSR. The future author studied at a Soviet school in Sheker. He also worked from an early age. At fourteen, he was an assistant to the Secretary at the Village Soviet. He later held jobs as a tax collector, a loader, and an engineer's assistant and continued with many other types of work. In 1946, he began studying at the Animal Husbandry Division of the Kirghiz Agricultural Institute in Frunze, but later switched to literary studies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
:Template:Infobox Writer/doc
Infobox writer may be used to summarize information about a person who is a writer/author (includes screenwriters). If the writer-specific fields here are not needed, consider using the more general ; other infoboxes there can be found in :People and person infobox templates. This template may also be used as a module (or sub-template) of ; see WikiProject Infoboxes/embed for guidance on such usage. Syntax The infobox may be added by pasting the template as shown below into an article. All fields are optional. Any unused parameter names can be left blank or omitted. Parameters Please remove any parameters from an article's infobox that are unlikely to be used. All parameters are optional. Unless otherwise specified, if a parameter has multiple values, they should be comma-separated using the template: : which produces: : , language= If any of the individual values contain commas already, add to use semi-colons as separators: : which produces: : , pseu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pravda
''Pravda'' ( rus, Правда, p=ˈpravdə, a=Ru-правда.ogg, 'Truth') is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, and was the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most influential papers in the country with a newspaper circulation, circulation of 11 million. The newspaper began publication on 5 May 1912 in the Russian Empire but was already extant abroad in January 1911. It emerged as the leading government newspaper of the Soviet Union after the October Revolution. The newspaper was an organ of the Central Committee of the CPSU between 1912 and 1991. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ''Pravda'' was sold by the then Russian president Boris Yeltsin to a Greek business family in 1992, and the paper came under the control of their private company Pravda International. In 1996, there was an internal dispute between the owners of Pravda International and some of the ''Pravda'' journalists that led to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an Inflammation, inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as Pulmonary alveolus, alveoli. Symptoms typically include some combination of Cough#Classification, productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever, and Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing. The severity of the condition is variable. Pneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses or bacteria, and less commonly by other microorganisms. Identifying the responsible pathogen can be difficult. Diagnosis is often based on symptoms and physical examination. Chest X-rays, blood tests, and Microbiological culture, culture of the sputum may help confirm the diagnosis. The disease may be classified by where it was acquired, such as community- or hospital-acquired or healthcare-associated pneumonia. Risk factors for pneumonia include cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sickle cell disease, asthma, diabetes, heart failure, a history of smoking, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total population of over 84 million in an area of , making it the most populous member state of the European Union. It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The Capital of Germany, nation's capital and List of cities in Germany by population, most populous city is Berlin and its main financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Settlement in the territory of modern Germany began in the Lower Paleolithic, with various tribes inhabiting it from the Neolithic onward, chiefly the Celts. Various Germanic peoples, Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kidney Failure
Kidney failure, also known as renal failure or end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is a medical condition in which the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste products from the blood, functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. Kidney failure is classified as either acute kidney failure, which develops rapidly and may resolve; and chronic kidney failure, which develops slowly and can often be irreversible. Symptoms may include leg swelling, feeling tired, vomiting, loss of appetite, and confusion. Complications of acute and chronic failure include uremia, hyperkalemia, and volume overload. Complications of chronic failure also include heart disease, high blood pressure, and anaemia. Causes of acute kidney failure include low blood pressure, blockage of the urinary tract, certain medications, muscle breakdown, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Causes of chronic kidney failure include diabetes, high blood pressure, nephrotic syndrome, and polycystic kidney diseas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
44th Berlin International Film Festival
The 44th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 10 to 21 February 1994. British producer Jeremy Thomas was the Jury President for the Main Competition. The Golden Bear was awarded to ''In the Name of the Father'', directed by Jim Sheridan. The retrospective dedicated to Austrian director, actor and producer Erich von Stroheim was shown at the festival. Jury Main Competition The following people were announced as being on the jury for the festival: * Jeremy Thomas, British producer - Jury President * Chinghiz Aitmatov, Kyrgyz author * María Luisa Bemberg, Argentine filmmaker * Hsu Feng, Taiwanese actress and producer * Morgan Freeman, American actor * Francis Girod, French actor and filmmaker * Corinna Harfouch, German actress * Carlo Lizzani, Italian filmmaker * Wolfram Schütte, German writer and film critic * Susan Seidelman, American filmmaker * Hayao Shibata, Japanese producer Official Sections Main Competition The following films were in compe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
24th Moscow International Film Festival
The 24th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 21 to 30 June 2002. The Golden St. George was awarded to the Italian-French film ''Resurrection (2001 film), Resurrection'' directed by Paolo and Vittorio Taviani. Jury * Chinghiz Aitmatov (Kyrgyzstan – President of the Jury) * Fruit Chan (Hong Kong) * Rakhshan Bani-E'temad (Iran) * Jessica Hausner (Austria) * Dominique Borg (France) * Jos Stelling (Netherlands) * Randa Haines (United States) * Karen Shakhnazarov (Russia) Films in competition The following films were selected for the main competition: Awards * Golden St. George: ''Resurrection (2001 film), Resurrection'' by Paolo and Vittorio Taviani * Silver St.George: ** Best Director: Aleksandr Rogozhkin for ''The Cuckoo (film), The Cuckoo'' ** Best Actor: Ville Haapasalo for ''The Cuckoo (film), The Cuckoo'' ** Best Actress: Mikako Ichikawa for ''Blue (2001 film), Blue'' * Special Jury Prize: ''Wishes of the Land'' by Vahid Mousaian * Stanislavsky Award: Harvey Ke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
7th Moscow International Film Festival
The 7th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 20 July to 3 August 1971. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Italian film '' Confessions of a Police Captain'' directed by Damiano Damiani, the Japanese film '' Live Today, Die Tomorrow!'' directed by Kaneto Shindo and the Soviet film '' The White Bird Marked with Black'' directed by Yuri Ilyenko. Jury * Grigori Kozintsev (USSR - President of the Jury) * Chinghiz Aitmatov (USSR) * Paulin Soumanou Vieyra (Senegal) * Sergei Gerasimov (USSR) * Erwin Geschonneck (East Germany) * Karel Zeman (Czechoslovakia) * Giuliano Montaldo (Italy) * James Aldridge (Great Britain) * Galsaniin Rinchensambu (Mongolia) * Armando Robles Godoy (Peru) * Beata Tyszkiewicz (Poland) * Youssef Chahine (Egypt) Films in competition The following films were selected for the main competition: Awards * Golden Prize: ** '' Confessions of a Police Captain'' by Damiano Damiani ** '' Live Today, Die Tomorrow!'' by Kaneto Shindo ** '' The Whit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2nd Moscow International Film Festival
The 2nd Moscow International Film Festival was held from 9 to 23 July 1961. The Grand Prix was shared between the Japanese film '' The Naked Island'' directed by Kaneto Shindo and the Soviet film '' Clear Skies'' directed by Grigori Chukhrai. Jury * Sergei Yutkevich (USSR - President of the Jury) * Chinghiz Aitmatov (USSR) * Zoltán Várkonyi (Hungary) * Luchino Visconti (Italy) * Sergei Gerasimov (USSR) * Karel Zeman (Czechoslovakia) * Mehboob Khan (India) * Joshua Logan (USA) * Leon Moussinac (France) * Roger Manwell (Great Britain) * Francisco Piña (Mexico) * Walieddin Youssef Samih (Egypt) * Jerzy Toeplitz (Poland) * Huang Guang (China) * Michael Tschesno-Hell (East Germany) * Liviu Ciulei (Romania) * Borislav Sharaliev (Bulgaria) Films in competition The following films were selected for the main competition: Awards * Grand Prix: ** '' The Naked Island'' by Kaneto Shindo ** '' Clear Skies'' by Grigori Chukhrai * Special Golden Prize: '' Everybody Go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Soviet Writers
The Union of Soviet Writers, USSR Union of Writers, or Soviet Union of Writers () was a creative union of professional writers in the Soviet Union. It was founded in 1934 on the initiative of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (1932) after disbanding a number of other writers' organizations, including Proletkult and the Russian Association of Proletarian Writers. The aim of the Union was to achieve party and state control in the field of literature. For professional writers, membership of the Union became effectively obligatory, and non-members had much more limited opportunities for publication. The result was that exclusion from the Union meant a virtual ban on publication. However, the history of the Union of Writers also saw cases of voluntary self-exclusion from its cadre. Thus, Vasily Aksyonov, Semyon Lipkin, and Inna Lisnyanskaya left the Union of Writers in a show of solidarity after the exclusion of Viktor Yerofeyev and Yevgeny Popov in punishment for self ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third World Quarterly
''Third World Quarterly'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal managed by Global South Ltd and published by Taylor & Francis. Its "founding editor" and chair of its editorial board is Shahid Qadir, who is also one of two directors of Global South Ltd. Although the journal's title suggests only four issues per year, it is in fact published monthly. The journal had an impact factor of 2.225 in 2021. Controversy In September 2017, the journal attracted controversy after it published an article entitled "The Case for Colonialism" by political scientist Bruce Gilley. This article was described by Portia Roelofs and Max Gallien of the London School of Economics as "a travesty, the academic equivalent of a Trump tweet, clickbait with footnotes." Oxford theologian Nigel Biggar himself became the subject of controversy after defending Gilley's article. On 19 September 2017, a large number of the journal's editorial board resigned in protest, citing a flawed peer review process for the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (2 March 1931 – 30 August 2022) was a Soviet and Russian politician who served as the last leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to dissolution of the Soviet Union, the country's dissolution in 1991. He served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 and additionally as head of state beginning in 1988, as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1988 to 1989, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1989 to 1990 and the president of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991. Ideologically, Gorbachev initially adhered to Marxism–Leninism but moved towards social democracy by the early 1990s. Gorbachev was born in Privolnoye, Stavropol Krai, Privolnoye, North Caucasus Krai, to a poor peasant family of Russian and Ukrainian heritage. Growing up under the rule of Joseph Stalin, in his youth he operated combine harvesters on a Collective farming, collective farm before joining the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
