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Chekhov
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (; ; 29 January 1860 – 15 July 1904) was a Russian playwright and short-story writer, widely considered to be one of the greatest writers of all time. His career as a playwright produced four classics, and his best short stories are held in high esteem by writers and critics. Along with Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg, Chekhov is often referred to as one of the three seminal figures in the birth of early modernism in the theatre. Chekhov was a physician by profession. "Medicine is my lawful wife," he once said, "and literature is my mistress." Chekhov renounced the theatre after the reception of ''The Seagull'' in 1896, but the play was revived to acclaim in 1898 by Konstantin Stanislavski's Moscow Art Theatre, which subsequently also produced Chekhov's '' Uncle Vanya'' and premiered his last two plays, '' Three Sisters'' and ''The Cherry Orchard''. These four works present a challenge to the acting ensemble as well as to audiences, because in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Chekhov
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Chekhov (; 16 August 1891 – 30 September 1955), known as Michael Chekhov, was a Russian-American actor, Theatre director, director, author, and theatre practitioner. He was a nephew of the playwright Anton Chekhov and a student of Konstantin Stanislavski. Stanislavski referred to him as his most brilliant student. Although mainly a stage actor, he made a few notable appearances on film, perhaps most memorably as the Freudian analyst in Alfred Hitchcock's ''Spellbound (1945 film), Spellbound'' (1945), for which he received his only Academy Awards, Academy Award nomination. Life He was born in Saint Petersburg, the son of Alexander Chekhov (the elder brother of Anton Chekhov) and his wife Natalya Aleksandrovna Golden. It was his father's second marriage. His mother, a Russian Jew, had been the governess to the children from his father's first marriage. He was raised in a middle-class family; his father was in the Imperial Customs Service and was a mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Seagull
''The Seagull'' () is a play by Russian dramatist Anton Chekhov, written in 1895 in literature, 1895 and first produced in 1896 in literature#Drama, 1896. ''The Seagull'' is generally considered to be the first of his four major plays. It dramatizes the romantic and artistic conflicts between four characters: the famous middlebrow story writer Boris Trigorin, the ingenue Nina, the fading actress Irina Arkadina, and her son the Russian symbolism, symbolist playwright Konstantin Treplev. Like Chekhov's other full-length plays, ''The Seagull'' relies upon an ensemble cast of diverse, fully-developed characters. In contrast to the melodrama of mainstream Nineteenth-century theatre, 19th-century theatre, lurid actions (such as Konstantin's suicide attempts) are not shown onstage. Characters tend to speak in subtext rather than directly. The character Trigorin is considered one of Chekhov's greatest male roles. The opening night of the first production was a famous failure. Vera Komiss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Stanislavski
Konstantin Sergeyevich Stanislavski ( rus, Константин Сергеевич Станиславский, p=kənstɐnʲˈtʲin sʲɪrˈɡʲejɪvʲɪtɕ stənʲɪˈslafskʲɪj, links=yes; ; 7 August 1938) was a seminal Russian and Soviet theatre practitioner. He was widely recognized as an outstanding character actor, and the many productions that he directed garnered him a reputation as one of the leading theatre directors of his generation. His principal fame and influence, however, rests on his "system" of actor training, preparation, and rehearsal technique. Stanislavski (his stage name) performed and directed as an amateur until the age of 33, when he co-founded the world-famous Moscow Art Theatre (MAT) company with Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, following a legendary 18-hour discussion. Its influential tours of Europe (1906) and the US (1923–24), and its landmark productions of ''The Seagull'' (1898) and ''Hamlet'' (1911–12), established his reputation an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Chekhova
Maria Pavlovna Chekhova () was a Russian teacher, artist, founder of the Chekhov Memorial House museum in Yalta, and a recipient of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. Anton Chekhov was her brother. Biography Maria Pavlovna Chekhova was born on 31 August 1863 in the city of Taganrog. She entered the Mariinskaya Girls Gymnasium in 1872. After the family's bankruptcy in 1876, she moved with the family to Moscow where she graduated from the Filaretovski Eparkhial School for Women in 1884. From 1886 to 1904 she read lectures on history and geography in Rzhevskaya's private gymnasium for girls. In the 1890s she studied art at Stroganovka (also known as Stroganov Moscow State Academy of Arts and Industry). In 1903 she was the recipient of a gold medal on the Saint Stanislaus ribbon for assiduity in education. After the death of Anton Chekhov, she dedicated her life to the collection and publication of the literary heritage of her brother. In 1914 Maria Chekhova donated the per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olga Knipper
Olga Leonardovna Knipper-Chekhova (; – 22 March 1959) was a Russian Empire, Russian and Soviet Union, Soviet stage actress. She was married to Anton Chekhov. Knipper was among the 39 original members of the Moscow Art Theatre when it was formed by Konstantin Stanislavski in 1898. She played Arkadina in ''The Seagull'' (1898), played Elena in the Moscow premiere of ''Uncle Vanya'' (1899), and was the first to play Masha in ''Three Sisters (play), Three Sisters'' (1901) and Madame Ranevskaya in ''The Cherry Orchard'' (1904). She married Anton Chekhov, the author of these plays, in 1901. She played Ranevskaya again in 1943, when the theatre marked the 300th performance of ''The Cherry Orchard''. Early life Knipper was born on in Glazov to Austrian-born Leonhardt August Knipper and his wife, Anna Ivanovna von Von Saltza, Saltza, who was of Baltic German nobility, Baltic German noble descent. Though both of her parents were of German origin, her father claimed Russia as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Chekhov (writer)
Mikhail Pavlovich Chekhov (Russian: Михаил Павлович Чехов; 6 October 1865 in Taganrog – 14 November 1936 in Yalta) was a Russian writer and theater critic; the youngest brother and biographer of Anton Chekhov. Biography He graduated at the top of his class at the Chekhov Gymnasium, Taganrog Gymnasium, then attended the , where he began contributing articles to humorous newspapers and magazines. From 1885 to 1890, he studied law at Moscow University.Mikhail Chekhov @ the Chekhov website. From 1890 to 1898, he was stationed as a tax collector at several locations in the Moscow region. In 1891, his translation of the short story "A Rainy June" by Ouida appeared in the ''Bulletin of Foreign Literature''. His first full book was a dictionary for farmers, published in 1894. While stationed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Sisters (play)
''Three Sisters'' () is a play by the Russian author and playwright Anton Chekhov. It was 1900 in literature, written in 1900 and first performed in 1901 at the Moscow Art Theatre. The play is often included on the shortlist of Chekhov's outstanding plays, along with ''The Cherry Orchard'', ''The Seagull'' and ''Uncle Vanya''. Characters The Prozorovs * Olga Sergeyevna Prozorova (Olga) – The eldest of the three sisters, she is the matriarchal figure of the Prozorov family, though at the beginning of the play she is only 28 years old. Olga is a teacher at the high school, where she frequently fills in for the headmistress whenever the latter is absent. Olga is a spinster and at one point tells Irina that she would have married "any man, even an old man if he had asked" her. Olga is very motherly even to the elderly servants, keeping on the elderly nurse/retainer Anfisa, long after she has ceased to be useful. When Olga reluctantly takes the role of headmistress permanently, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow Art Theatre
The Moscow Art Theatre (or MAT; , ''Moskovskiy Hudojestvenny Akademicheskiy Teatr'' (МHАТ) was a theatre company in Moscow. It was founded in by the seminal Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski, together with the playwright and director Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. It was conceived as a venue for Naturalism (theatre), naturalistic theatre, in contrast to the melodramas that were Russia's dominant form of theatre at the time. The theatre, the first to regularly put on shows implementing Stanislavski's system, proved hugely influential in the acting world and in the development of modern American theatre and drama. It was officially renamed the Gorky Moscow Art Theatre in 1932. In 1987, the theatre split into two theatre company, troupes, the Moscow Gorky Academic Art Theatre and the Moscow Chekhov Art Theatre. Beginnings At the end of the 19th-century, Stanislavski and Nemirovich-Danchenko both wanted to reform Russian theatre to high-quality art that was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Chekhov
Nikolai Pavlovich Chekhov (; May 23, 1858 – June 29, 1889) was a Russian painter. He was a brother of Anton Chekhov. Biography As a child Chekhov showed talents for art and music. He attended the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture The Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (), also known by the acronym MUZHVZ, was one of the largest educational institutions in Russia. The school was formed by the 1865 merger of a private art college, established in Moscow .... He was unable to finish his studies due to chronic alcoholism and the periods of time, often weeks, which he would spend living in the Moscow streets. Chekhov was a talented artist, and he often illustrated Anton's stories. Anton wrote to him, advising him to stay sober and to pursue writing, but to no avail. He died in Luka (in Lintvarev's ( ru) country estate) at the age of 31 of tuberculosis. Nikolai's death influenced Anton's ''A Boring Story'', about a man faced with his own ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olga Chekhova
Olga Konstantinovna Chekhova (; ; 14 April 1897 – 9 March 1980), known in Germany as Olga Tschechowa, was a Russian-German actress. Her film roles include the female lead in Alfred Hitchcock's '' Mary'' (1931). Biography Olga Konstantinovna Knipper was born on 14 April 1897, the daughter of Konstantin Knipper (1868–1929), a railway engineer, and Yelena Luise "Lulu" Knipper (née Ried, 1874–1940), both Lutherans of ethnic German ancestry. Olga was the niece and namesake of Olga Knipper (Anton Chekhov's wife). She went to school in Tsarskoye Selo but, after watching Eleonora Duse, joined the Moscow Art Theatre's studio. There she met the Russian-Jewish actor Mikhail Chekhov (Anton's nephew) in 1914 and married him the same year, taking his surname as her own. Their daughter, also named Olga, was born in 1916. She became an actress under the name of Ada Tschechowa. During the year of the 1917 October Revolution, Chekhova divorced her husband but kept his name. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Badenweiler
Badenweiler (High Alemannic: ''Badewiler'') is a health resort and spa in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, historically in the Markgräflerland. It is 28 kilometers by road and rail from Basel, 10 kilometers from the French border, and 20 kilometers from Mulhouse. The nearest big city on the German side of the border is Freiburg, about 30 kilometers away. Badenweiler lies at the western edge of the Black Forest. It is sheltered by the Blauen, , and the climate is excellent. Its parish (Evangelical) church (1897) was built at the foot of an 11th-century castle which belonged to the margraves of Baden and was destroyed by the French during the wars of Louis XV. Many visitors come to Badenweiler for the warm mineral springs, with temperatures of , others for its whey cure, and still others on account of its equable climate and picturesque surroundings. There is a ''Kurhaus'' and a park of 15 acres (61,000 m2) containing a historic arbor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Chekhov
Alexander Pavlovich Chekhov (; August 22, 1855 – May 29, 1913), was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist and memoirist, and the eldest brother of Anton Chekhov. Alexander was also the father of famed actor and progressive acting theorist Michael Chekhov. Michael studied under Stanislavski before incorporating his father's mystical philosophies with those of Rudolf Steiner to pioneer "Psycho-Physical" acting techniques. Anton Chekhov often referred to Alexander as more intelligent - but unable to produce the work to prove it due to his alcoholism. Biography Alexander was born into a petit-bourgeois merchant family. He studied at the Taganrog gymnasium, graduating in 1875 with a silver medal. He later graduated from the Natural Sciences Department of the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Moscow State University. He spoke six languages. In his student years his works were published in comic magazines such as ''The Spectator'' and ''The Alarm Clock'', largely c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
