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Charles Churchill (British Army Officer, Born 1656)
General Charles Churchill (2 February 1656 – 29 December 1714) was a British Army officer who served during the War of the Spanish Succession and an English politician who sat in the House of Commons of England, English and House of Commons of Great Britain, British House of Commons from 1701 to 1710. He was a younger brother of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and both his military and political careers were closely connected with his brother's. Along with Marlborough's Irish Chief of Staff William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan, William Cadogan, he was one of Churchill's closest advisors. He was a Tories (British political party), Tory, in contrast to his Whig brother who tolerated and possibly used Churchill's Tory connections. Life Churchill was the son of Winston Churchill (1620–1688), Winston Churchill and his wife Elizabeth Drake, daughter of Sir John Drake of Ashe, Devon, and his wife John Boteler, 1st Baron Boteler of Brantfield#Life, Helena Butler (or Boteler). He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Godfrey Kneller
Sir Godfrey Kneller, 1st Baronet (born Gottfried Kniller; 8 August 1646 – 19 October 1723) was a German-born British painter. The leading Portrait painting, portraitist in England during the late Stuart period, Stuart and early Georgian eras, he served as court painter to successive Monarchy of the United Kingdom, English and British monarchs, including Charles II of England and George I of Great Britain. Kneller also painted scientists such as Isaac Newton, foreign monarchs such as Louis XIV of France and visitors to England such as Michael Shen Fu-Tsung. A pioneer of the kit-cat portrait, he was also commissioned by William III of England to paint eight "Hampton Court Beauties" to match a similar series of paintings of Charles II's "Windsor Beauties" that had been painted by Kneller's predecessor as court painter, Peter Lely. Early life Kneller was born Gottfried Kniller in the Free City of Lübeck, the son of Zacharias Kniller, a portrait painter.George Cokayne, Cokayne, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General
A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. French Revolutionary system Arab system Other variations Other nomenclatures for general officers include the titles and ranks: * Adjutant general * Commandant-General, Commandant-general * Inspector general * General-in-chief * General of the Air Force (USAF only) * General of the Armies, General of the Armies of the United States (of America), a title created for General John J. Pershing, and subsequently grante ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monmouth's Rebellion
The Monmouth Rebellion in June 1685 was an attempt to depose James II, who in February had succeeded his brother Charles II as king of England, Scotland and Ireland. Dissident Protestants led by James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II, opposed James largely due to his Catholicism. The failure of Parliamentary efforts to exclude James from the succession in 1681 resulted in the 1683 Rye House Plot, an alleged attempt to assassinate Charles II and James. Monmouth, implicated as a co-conspirator, went into exile in the Dutch Republic. On 11 June 1685, he landed at Lyme Regis in South West England where he had widespread popular support, planning to take control of the area and march on London. The rebellion was coordinated with Argyll's Rising in Scotland, which took place at the same time. Over the next few weeks, Monmouth's army skirmished with troops commanded by Louis de Duras, 2nd Earl of Feversham, and John Churchill. However, he faile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colonelcy
Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of a regiment in an army. Modern usage varies greatly, and in some cases, the term is used as an honorific title that may have no direct relationship to military. In some smaller military forces, such as those of Monaco or the Vatican, colonel is the highest rank. Equivalent naval ranks may be called captain or ship-of-the-line captain. In the Commonwealth's air force ranking system, the equivalent rank is group captain. History and origins By the end of the late medieval period, a group of "companies" was referred to as a "column" of an army. According to Raymond Oliver, , the Spanish began explicitly reorganizing part of their army into 20 ''colunelas'' or columns of approximately 1,000–1,250 soldiers. Each ''colunela'' was comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3rd Regiment Of Foot
Third or 3rd may refer to: Numbers * 3rd, the ordinal form of the cardinal number 3 * , a fraction of one third * 1⁄60 of a ''second'', i.e., the third in a series of fractional parts in a sexagesimal number system Places * 3rd Street (other) * Third Avenue (other) * Highway 3 Music Music theory * Interval number of three in a musical interval **Major third, a third spanning four semitones **Minor third, a third encompassing three half steps, or semitones **Neutral third, wider than a minor third but narrower than a major third ** Augmented third, an interval of five semitones ** Diminished third, produced by narrowing a minor third by a chromatic semitone *Third (chord), chord member a third above the root *Degree (music), three away from tonic **Mediant, third degree of the diatonic scale **Submediant, sixth degree of the diatonic scale – three steps below the tonic ** Chromatic mediant, chromatic relationship by thirds *Ladder of thirds, similar to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince George Of Denmark
Prince George of Denmark and Norway, Duke of Cumberland (; 2 April 165328 October 1708), was the husband of Anne, Queen of Great Britain. He was the consort of the British monarch from Anne's accession on 8 March 1702 until his death in 1708. The marriage of George and Anne was arranged in the early 1680s with a view to developing an Anglo-Danish alliance to contain Dutch maritime power. As a result, George was disliked by his Dutch brother-in-law, William III, Prince of Orange, who was married to Anne's elder sister, Mary II of England, Mary. Anne and Mary's father, the British ruler James II and VII, was deposed in the Glorious Revolution in 1688, and William and Mary succeeded him as joint monarchs with Anne as heir presumptive. The new monarchs granted George the title of Duke of Cumberland. William excluded George from active military service, and neither George nor Anne wielded any great influence until after the deaths of Mary and then William, at which p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Boteler, 1st Baron Boteler Of Brantfield
John Boteler, 1st Baron Boteler of Brantfield, (''c.'' 1566 – 27 May 1637) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1625 to 1626. The Butlers of Hertfordshire claimed descent from Ralph le Boteler, butler to Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and Earl of Leicester in the time of Henry I, and by the 15th century they had been seated at Watton for some time. Life Boteler was the son and heir of Sir Henry Boteler of Hatfield Woodhall and of Brantfield, Hertfordshire, by his first wife, Catharine, daughter of Robert Waller, of Hadley, Middlesex. He was knighted at Greenwich in July 1607, and succeeded his father on 20 January 1609, aged 43.''Progresses of James the First'' by John Nichols (1745-1826), vol. 4 (London, 1828), p. 603. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winston Churchill (1620–1688)
Sir Winston Churchill (18 April 1620 – 26 March 1688), known as the ''Cavalier Colonel'', was an English soldier, historian, and politician. He was the father of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and a direct ancestor and eponym of Sir Winston Churchill, who served as British prime minister in the 20th century during the Second World War. Life and career Churchill was the son of Sir John Churchill of Dorset, a lawyer and politician, and his wife Sarah Winston, daughter of Sir Henry Winston. Churchill was educated at St John's College, Oxford, but he left university without taking a degree. The main reason for it was the beginning of the Civil War. Churchill was a fervent Royalist throughout his life. He fought and was wounded in the Civil War as a captain in the King's Horse and, after the Royalists were defeated, was forced to pay a recompense fee of £446 (equivalent to around £44,600 in the present day). After the Restoration, he sat as a Member of Parliament ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tories (British Political Party)
The Tories were a loosely organised political faction and later a political party, in the Parliaments of Parliament of England, England, Parliament of Scotland, Scotland, Parliament of Ireland, Ireland, Parliament of Great Britain, Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom, United Kingdom. They first emerged during the 1679 Exclusion Crisis, when they opposed Whigs (British political party), Whig efforts to exclude James II of England, James, Duke of York from the succession on the grounds of his Catholic Church, Catholicism. Despite their fervent opposition to state-sponsored Catholicism, Tories opposed his exclusion because of their belief that inheritance based on birth was the foundation of a stable society. After the succession of George I of Great Britain, George I in 1714, the Tories had no part in government and ceased to exist as an organised political entity in the early 1760s (although the term continued to be used in subsequent years as a term of self-d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan
General William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan, ( – 17 July 1726) was a British army officer, diplomat and Whig politician. He began his military career during the Williamite War in Ireland in 1689 and ended it with the suppression of the Jacobite rising of 1715. A close associate and confidant of the Duke of Marlborough, he also sat in the English and British House of Commons from 1705 until 1716, when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Cadogan. A strong supporter of the Hanoverian Succession, he succeeded Marlborough in 1722 as Master-General of the Ordnance and senior army commander. Early life Cadogan was born in Ireland around 1672, the son of the barrister Henry Cadogan and his wife Bridget Waller, daughter of the regicide Sir Hardress Waller. His family were Irish Protestants of Welsh descent. William's grandfather William Cadogan served as an officer in Oliver Cromwell's New Model Army. He was one of five children, including two brothers Ambrose and Charles and tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Of Staff
The title chief of staff (or head of staff) identifies the leader of a complex organization such as the armed forces, institution, or body of persons and it also may identify a principal staff officer (PSO), who is the coordinator of the supporting Employment, staff or a primary aide-de-camp to an important individual, such as a President (government title), president, or a senior military officer, or leader of a large organization. In general, a chief of staff provides a buffer between a chief executive and that executive's direct-reporting team. The chief of staff generally works behind the scenes to solve problems, mediate disputes, and deal with issues before they are brought to the chief executive. Often chiefs of staff act as a confidant and advisor to the chief executive, acting as a sounding board for ideas. Ultimately the actual duties depend on the position and the people involved. Civilian Government Australia *Chief of Staff to the Prime Minister (Australia), Chief ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Churchill, 1st Duke Of Marlborough
General (United Kingdom), General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722 Old Style and New Style dates, O.S.) was a British army officer and statesman. From a gentry family, he served as a Page (servant), page at the court of the House of Stuart under James, Duke of York, through the 1670s and early 1680s, earning military and political advancement through his courage and diplomatic skill. He is known for never having lost a battle. Churchill's role in defeating the Monmouth Rebellion in 1685 helped secure James on the throne, but he was a key player in the military conspiracy that led to James being deposed during the Glorious Revolution. Rewarded by William III of England, William III with the title Earl of Marlborough#Earls of Marlborough; Second creation (1689), Earl of Marlborough, persistent charges of Jacobitism led to his fall from office and tempora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
