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Central–Western Economic Corridor
The Central–Western Economic Corridor (Abbreviation, Abrv: CWEC; ) is a special economic zone in Thailand that aims to promote economic development in the Central Thailand, central and Western Thailand, western regions of the country. It comprises four provinces: Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya province, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Nakhon Pathom province, Nakhon Pathom, Suphanburi province, Suphanburi, and Kanchanaburi province, Kanchanaburi. The corridor is focused on developing the Agritourism, agro-tourism industry, high-value hi-tech industry, as well as green and heritage tourism. The CWEC is strategically designed to connect both to Bangkok and the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC), as well as to the Dawei Port Project, Dawei port in Myanmar, making it an important hub for transportation and trade. History The National Committee for the Development of Special Economic Zones (SEZ) approved the Central-Western Economic Corridor (CWEC) as a special economic zone in May 2022, along with ...
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List Of Sovereign States
The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty. The 205 listed states can be divided into three categories based on membership within the United Nations System: 193 member states of the United Nations, UN member states, two United Nations General Assembly observers#Current non-member observers, UN General Assembly non-member observer states, and ten other states. The ''sovereignty dispute'' column indicates states having undisputed sovereignty (188 states, of which there are 187 UN member states and one UN General Assembly non-member observer state), states having disputed sovereignty (15 states, of which there are six UN member states, one UN General Assembly non-member observer state, and eight de facto states), and states having a political status of the Cook Islands and Niue, special political status (two states, both in associated state, free association with New ...
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Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has a population of about 55 million. It is bordered by India and Bangladesh to its northwest, China to its northeast, Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest. The country's capital city is Naypyidaw, and its largest city is Yangon (formerly Rangoon). Early civilisations in the area included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Myanmar and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Myanmar. In the 9th century, the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy River, Irrawaddy valley, and following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s, the Burmese language and Culture of Myanmar, culture and Buddhism in Myanmar, Theravada Buddhism slowly became dominant in the co ...
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Northeastern Economic Corridor
The Northeastern Economic Corridor ( Abrv: NEEC – Bioeconomy ) is a special economic zone in Thailand that covers four provinces: Nakhon Ratchasima, Khon Kaen, Udon Thani, and Nong Khai. It is expected to serve as a new bio-industry base of the country, with modern technology implemented throughout the production chain. The NEEC focuses on developing a bioeconomy, specifically in the cultivation and production of rice, tapioca, and sugar cane. History The Northeastern Economic Corridor (NEEC) was approved as a special economic zone in May 2022 by the National Committee for the Development of Special Economic Zones, which authorized the establishment of four new special economic corridors in an effort to stimulate the economy and decentralize income in Thailand. The NEEC comprises the provinces of Nakhon Ratchasima, Khon Kaen, Udon Thani, and Nong Khai Nong Khai (, ) is a city in northeast Thailand. It is the capital of Nong Khai province. Nong Khai city is located in Mueang ...
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Northern Economic Corridor
The Northern Economic Corridor ( Abrv: NEC–Creative LANNA; ) is a special economic zone in Thailand that covers four provinces: Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Lampang, and Lamphun. It is designated as a production base for the creative economy based on the local culture, with a focus on sustainable development. The NEC aims to promote community and cultural tourism and improve products for export. This corridor focuses on developing infrastructure to support a creative economy, a telecommunications network to promote the North as a digital hub as well as wellness, smart city projects and organic foods. The corridor is also aligned with the "Bio-Circular-Green Economy Model (BGC)", a national agenda to drive future industries under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and promote stable and sustainable economic growth. History The Thai government approved the designation of special economic corridors in four regions, including the Northern Economic Corridor (NEC), during a Cabine ...
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List Of World Heritage Sites In Thailand
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designates World Heritage Sites of outstanding universal value to cultural or natural heritage which have been nominated by signatories to the 1972 UNESCO World Heritage Convention. Cultural heritage consists of monuments (such as architectural works, monumental sculptures, or inscriptions), groups of buildings, and sites (including archaeological sites). Natural features (consisting of physical and biological formations), geological and physiographical formations (including habitats of threatened species of animals and plants), and natural sites which are important from the point of view of science, conservation or natural beauty, are defined as natural heritage. Thailand ratified the convention on 17 September 1987. , Thailand has eight sites on the list. The first three sites were listed in 1991: Historic Town of Sukhothai and Associated Historic Towns, Historic City of Ayutthaya, and Thungyai– ...
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Electronics Industry
The electronics industry is the industry (economics), industry that produces electronic devices. It emerged in the 20th century and is today one of the largest global industries. Contemporary society uses a vast array of electronic devices that are built in factories operated by the industry, which are almost always partially automated. Electronic products are primarily assembled from metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) transistors and integrated circuits, the latter principally by photolithography and often on printed circuit boards. Circuit boards are assembled largely using surface-mount technology, which typically involves the automated placement of electronic parts on circuit boards using pick-and-place machines. Surface-mount technology and pick-and-place machines make it possible to assemble large numbers of circuit boards at high speed. The industry's size, the use of toxic materials, and the difficulty of recycling have led to a series of problems with electronic waste. ...
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Automotive Industry In Thailand
, the automotive industry in Thailand is the largest in Southeast Asia and the List of countries by motor vehicle production, 10th largest in the world. The Thai industry has an annual output of more than two million vehicles (passenger cars and pickup trucks), more than countries such as Belgium, Canada, the United Kingdom, Italy, Czech Republic and Turkey. Most of the vehicles built in Thailand are developed and licensed by foreign producers, mainly Japanese, American and Chinese but with several other brands as well for Knock-down kit, CKD production, notably BMW and Mercedes. The Thai car industry takes advantage of the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) to find a market for many of its products. Thailand is one of the world's biggest markets for pickup trucks with over 50 percent market share for one-ton trucks. History The first car imported to Thailand was brought by the royal family around 1900. Since then, Thailand has proceeded to gradually develop a viable industry. Compare ...
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Bioproduct
Bioproducts or bio-based products are materials, chemicals and energy derived from renewable biological material. Bioresources Biological resources include agriculture, forestry, and biologically derived waste, and there are many other renewable bioresource examples. Example One of the examples of renewable bioresources is lignocellulose. Lignocellulosic tissues are biologically derived natural resources containing some of the main constituents of the natural world. # Holocellulose is the carbohydrate fraction of lignocellulose that includes cellulose, a common building block made of sugar (glucose) that is the most abundant biopolymer, as well as hemicellulose. Recent advances in the catalytic conversion of platform chemicals from this biomass fraction have attracted industry and academia alike. # Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer. Cellulose and lignin are two of the primary natural polymers used by plants to store energy as well as to give strength, as is the case i ...
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Irrigation
Irrigation (also referred to as watering of plants) is the practice of applying controlled amounts of water to land to help grow crops, landscape plants, and lawns. Irrigation has been a key aspect of agriculture for over 5,000 years and has been developed by many cultures around the world. Irrigation helps to grow crops, maintain landscapes, and revegetation, revegetate disturbed soils in dry areas and during times of below-average rainfall. In addition to these uses, irrigation is also employed to protect crops from frost, suppress weed growth in grain fields, and prevent soil consolidation. It is also used to cool livestock, reduce dust, dispose of sewage, and support mining operations. Drainage, which involves the removal of surface and sub-surface water from a given location, is often studied in conjunction with irrigation. There are several methods of irrigation that differ in how water is supplied to plants. Surface irrigation, also known as gravity irrigation, is the olde ...
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Orchids
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Orchids are cosmopolitan plants that are found in almost every habitat on Earth except glaciers. The world's richest diversity of orchid genera and species is in the tropics. Orchidaceae is one of the two largest families of flowering plants, the other being the Asteraceae. It contains about 28,000 currently accepted species in 702 genera. The Orchidaceae family encompasses about 6–11% of all species of seed plants. The largest genera are ''Bulbophyllum'' (2,000 species), ''Epidendrum'' (1,500 species), ''Dendrobium'' (1,400 species) and '' Pleurothallis'' (1,000 species). It also includes ''Vanilla'' (the genus of the vanilla plant), the type genus '' Orchis'', and many commonly cultivated plants such as '' Phalaenopsis'' and '' Cattleya''. Moreover, since the introduction of tropical species into cultivation ...
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Livestock
Livestock are the Domestication, domesticated animals that are raised in an Agriculture, agricultural setting to provide labour and produce diversified products for consumption such as meat, Egg as food, eggs, milk, fur, leather, and wool. The term is sometimes used to refer solely to animals which are raised for consumption, and sometimes used to refer solely to farmed ruminants, such as cattle, sheep, and goats. The breeding, maintenance, slaughter and general subjugation of livestock called ''animal husbandry'', is a part of modern agriculture and has been practiced in many cultures since humanity's transition to farming from hunter-gatherer lifestyles. Animal husbandry practices have varied widely across cultures and periods. It continues to play a major economic and cultural role in numerous communities. Livestock farming practices have largely shifted to intensive animal farming. Intensive animal farming increases the yield of the various commercial outputs, but also nega ...
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Cassava
''Manihot esculenta'', common name, commonly called cassava, manioc, or yuca (among numerous regional names), is a woody shrub of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native to South America, from Brazil, Paraguay and parts of the Andes. Although a perennial plant, cassava is extensively cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions as an annual crop for its edible starchy tuberous root. Cassava is predominantly consumed in boiled form, but substantial quantities are processed to extract cassava starch, called tapioca, which is used for food, animal feed, and industrial purposes. The Brazilian , and the related ''garri'' of West Africa, is an edible coarse flour obtained by grating cassava roots, pressing moisture off the obtained grated pulp, and finally drying it (and roasting in the case of both and ''garri''). Cassava is the third-largest source of carbohydrates in food in the tropics, after rice and maize, making it an important staple food, staple; more than 500 million pe ...
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