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Casimir IV, Duke Of Pomerania
Casimir IV (, ; 1351 – 2 January 1377) was a duke of Pomerania in Pomerania-Stolp since 1374. Life Casimir was the son of Bogislaw V, Duke of Pomerania and Elizabeth of Poland. His maternal grandfather Casimir III the Great, the last king of Poland from the Piast dynasty, had no sons and brought him up at his court. After his grandfather's death in 1370, young Casimir initially became his partial successor, as the last will gave him lands of Dobrzyń, Bydgoszcz, Kruszwica, Złotów and Wałcz as fiefs. Yet, his ambitions were soon thwarted by Louis I of Hungary, who became the next king of Poland on the grounds of earlier pacts, and nullified the Piast's last will. Duke Casimir only held the land of Dobrzyń as a temporary fief. In 1360, Casimir married his first wife Kenna of Lithuania. She was the daughter of Algirdas and Uliana Alexandrovna of Tver, raised in the Eastern Orthodox faith. With her marriage, she joined the Roman Catholic Church and was baptised again ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Griffin
The House of Griffin or Griffin dynasty, (; , ; Latin: ''Gryphes''), or House of Pomerania (see ), was a dynasty ruling the Duchy of Pomerania from the 12th century until 1637. The name "Griffins" was used by the dynasty after the 15th century and had been taken from the ducal coat of arms. Duke Wartislaw I, Duke of Pomerania, Wartislaw I (died 1135) was the first historical ruler of the Duchy of Pomerania and the founder of the Griffin dynasty. The most prominent Griffin was Eric of Pomerania, who became king of the Kalmar Union in 1397, thus ruling Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Norway. The last Griffin duke of Pomerania was Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania, Bogislaw XIV, who died during the Thirty Years' War, which led to the division of Pomerania between Brandenburg-Prussia, Swedish Empire, Sweden and Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Poland. Duchess Anna of Pomerania, Anna von Croy, daughter of Duke Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania, Bogislaw XIII and the last member of the House ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis I Of Hungary
Louis I, also Louis the Great (; ; ) or Louis the Hungarian (; 5 March 132610 September 1382), was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1342 and King of Poland from 1370. He was the first child of Charles I of Hungary and his wife, Elizabeth of Poland, to survive infancy. A 1338 treaty between his father and Casimir III of Poland, Louis's maternal uncle, confirmed Louis's right to inherit the Kingdom of Poland if his uncle died without a son. In exchange, Louis was obliged to assist his uncle to reoccupy the lands that Poland had lost in previous decades. He bore the title Duke of Transylvania between 1339 and 1342 but did not administer the province. Louis was of age when he succeeded his father in 1342, but his deeply religious mother exerted a powerful influence on him. He inherited a centralized kingdom and a rich treasury from his father. During the first years of his reign, Louis launched a crusade against the Lithuanians and restored royal power in Croatia; his troops ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Griffins
The House of Griffin or Griffin dynasty, (; , ; Latin: ''Gryphes''), or House of Pomerania (see ), was a dynasty ruling the Duchy of Pomerania from the 12th century until 1637. The name "Griffins" was used by the dynasty after the 15th century and had been taken from the ducal coat of arms. Duke Wartislaw I, Duke of Pomerania, Wartislaw I (died 1135) was the first historical ruler of the Duchy of Pomerania and the founder of the Griffin dynasty. The most prominent Griffin was Eric of Pomerania, who became king of the Kalmar Union in 1397, thus ruling Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Norway. The last Griffin duke of Pomerania was Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania, Bogislaw XIV, who died during the Thirty Years' War, which led to the division of Pomerania between Brandenburg-Prussia, Swedish Empire, Sweden and Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Poland. Duchess Anna of Pomerania, Anna von Croy, daughter of Duke Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania, Bogislaw XIII and the last member of the House ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Pomerania
The House of Griffin or Griffin dynasty, (; , ; Latin: ''Gryphes''), or House of Pomerania (see ), was a dynasty ruling the Duchy of Pomerania from the 12th century until 1637. The name "Griffins" was used by the dynasty after the 15th century and had been taken from the ducal coat of arms. Duke Wartislaw I (died 1135) was the first historical ruler of the Duchy of Pomerania and the founder of the Griffin dynasty. The most prominent Griffin was Eric of Pomerania, who became king of the Kalmar Union in 1397, thus ruling Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Norway. The last Griffin duke of Pomerania was Bogislaw XIV, who died during the Thirty Years' War, which led to the division of Pomerania between Brandenburg-Prussia, Sweden and Poland. Duchess Anna von Croy, daughter of Duke Bogislaw XIII and the last member of the House of Griffin, died in 1660. Name of the Dynasty The dynasty is known by two names, ''Pomerania'', after their primary fief, and ''Griffin'', after their coat o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partitions Of The Duchy Of Pomerania
The Duchy of Pomerania was partitioned several times to satisfy the claims of the male members of the ruling House of Pomerania. Kyra T. Inachin, ''Die Geschichte Pommerns'', Hinstorff Rostock, 2008, p.30, The partitions were named after the ducal residences: Pomerania-Barth, -Demmin, -Rügenwalde, -Stettin, -Stolp, and -Wolgast. None of the partitions had a hereditary character,Norbert Buske, ''Pommern'', Helms Schwerin 1997, p.21, the members of the House of Pomerania inherited the duchy in common. The duchy thus continued to exist as a whole despite its division. The only exception was made during a war with the Margraviate of Brandenburg, when in 1338 Barnim III of Pomerania-Stettin was granted his partition as a fief directly from the Holy Roman Emperor, while Pomerania-Wolgast remained under formal Brandenburgian overlordship.Werner Buchholz, ''Pommern'', Siedler, 1999, pp.107-109, However, already in 1348, German king and later emperor Charles IV again granted the Duchy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomerania During The Late Middle Ages
Pomerania during the Late Middle Ages covers the history of Pomerania in the 14th and 15th centuries. The Duchy of Pomerania gained the Principality of Rugia after two wars with Mecklenburg,Buchholz (1999), pp.115,116 the Lands of Schlawe and Stolp (Sławno and Słupsk)Buchholz (1999), pp.106 and the Lauenburg and Bütow Land (Lębork and Bytów).Buchholz (1999), p.186 Pomerelia was integrated into the Monastic state of the Teutonic Knights after the Teutonic takeover of Danzig in 1308, and became the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772), Pomeranian Voivodeship of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland in 1454/1466. The Duchy of Pomerania was internally fragmented into Pomerania-Wolgast, -Stettin, -Barth, and -Stolp.Boockmann (1992), pp.131,132Buchholz (1999), pp.143,146,147 The dukes were in continuous warfare with the Margraviate of Brandenburg due to Uckermark and Neumark border disputes and disputes over formal overlordship of Pomerania.Buchholz (1999), pp.160� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Pomeranian Duchies And Dukes
This is a list of the duchies and dukes of Pomerania. Dukes of the Slavic Pomeranian tribes (All Pomerania) The lands of Pomerania were firstly ruled by local tribes, who settled in Pomerania around the 10th and 11th centuries. Non-dynastic In 1106, Pomerania is divided by his two older sons: Wartislaw I, Duke of Pomerania, Wartislaw, who founded the House of Pomerania and the Duchy of Pomerania, and Swietopelk I, Duke of Pomerania, Świętopełk I. After Swietopelk's death, his lands were occupied by the Saxon prince Lothar of Supplinburg. In 1155, the lands regained independence under Sobieslaw I, who founded the dynasty of the Samborides, and the Duchy of Pomerelia. Duchy of Pomerania The Duchy resulted from the partition of Świętobor, Duke of Pomerania, in which his son Wartislaw inherited the lands that would become in fact known as ''Pomerania''. Partitions of Pomerania First partition 1155–1264 In 1155, Pomerania was divided in Pomerania-Szczecin and Pomer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry VII Of Brzeg
Henry VII with a Scar also known as the Courageous or of Brzeg (; 1343/45 – 11 July 1399), was a Duke of Brzeg (Brieg) since 1361 (as co-regent of his father until 1398) and ruler of Niemcza since 1395. He was the eldest son of Louis I the Fair, Duke of Brzeg by his wife Agnes, daughter of Henry IV of Głogów-Żagań. The death of his younger brother Wenceslaus in 1358 left him as the only male heir of his father. In the almost contemporary "''Kronice Legnickiej''" Henry VII was assigned the term "z Blizną" (''with a scar''), which was adopted later by historians as a nickname. This term was maybe the result of the wounds on his face obtained under unknown circumstances (ca. 1373), where apparently he was near to death. Life Henry VII's first official appearance was only in 1358, and despite he being of age to assume government affairs, it wasn't until 1395 (when he was more than fifty years old!), when he received his own district, Niemcza (in fact, he had already obtaine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław The White
Władysław (Włodko) the White or Władysław of Gniewkowo (; ca. 1327/1333 – 29 February 1388), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast, Duke of Gniewkowo during 1347/1350–1363/1364 (his final and official resignation was in 1377) and last male representative of the Kujawy, Kujavian line. He was the only surviving son of Kazimierz III of Gniewkowo by his unknown wife. Life Government of the Duchy of Gniewkowo After his father's death, which occurred between 1347 and 1350, Władysław succeeded him as the last independent ruler of Gniewkowo, having recognized the overlordship of King Casimir III the Great, Casimir III of Poland. Currently eight documents exist issued by Władysław during his reign as Duke of Gniewkowo; they show the full Latin version of his title: ''Wladislaus dei gracia dux Cuyavie et dominus Gnewkovie nec non Slonensis terrarum''. Thus it is known that Władysław styled himself as Duke of Kujawy and ruled over Gniewkowo and Słońsko. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opava
Opava (; , ) is a city in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 55,000 inhabitants. It lies on the Opava (river), Opava River. Opava is one of the historical centres of Silesia and was a historical capital of Czech Silesia. Administrative division Opava consists of eight Statutory city (Czech Republic)#Differences of statutory city, self-governing city parts in the suburbs and the central part that is directly administered. In addition, Opava consists of 14 municipal parts, whose borders do not respect the boundaries of the city parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *undivided Opava **Město (3,485) **''Předměstí (22,212)'' **Kateřinky (12,795) **Kylešovice (7,311) **''Jaktař (2,182)'' *Komárov (1,323) **Komárov (1,323) *Malé Hoštice (1,710) **Malé Hoštice (1,710) *Milostovice (305) **Milostovice (305) *Podvihov (754) **Komárovské Chaloupky (155) **Podvihov (599) *Suché Lazce (1,034) **Suché Lazce (1,034) *Vávrov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siemowit III Of Masovia
Siemowit (Polish pronunciation: �ɛˈmɔvit also Ziemowit �ɛˈmɔvit was, according to the chronicles of Gallus Anonymus, the son of Piast the Wheelwright and Rzepicha. He is considered to be the first ruler of the Piast dynasty.K. Jasiński, Rodowód pierwszych Piastów, p. 47. He became the Duke of the Polans in the 9th century after his father, Piast the Wheelwright, son of Chościsko, refused to take the place of legendary Duke Popiel. Siemowit was elected as new duke by the '' wiec''. According to a popular legend, Popiel was then eaten by mice in his tower on Gopło lake. The only mention of Siemowit, along with his son, Lestek, and grandson, Siemomysł, comes in the medieval chronicle of Gallus Anonymus. Siemowit's great-grandson, Mieszko I, was the first Christian ruler of Poland. References See also * Poland in the Early Middle Ages The most important phenomenon that took place within the lands of Poland in the Early Middle Ages, as well as other parts o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization.Gerald O'Collins, O'Collins, p. v (preface). The church consists of 24 Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites#Churches, ''sui iuris'' (autonomous) churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and Eparchy, eparchies List of Catholic dioceses (structured view), around the world, each overseen by one or more Bishops in the Catholic Church, bishops. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the Papal supremacy, chief pastor of the church. The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
