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Carrickshock Incident
The Carrickshock incident, Carrickshock massacre, or battle of Carrickshock was a confrontation between the Irish Constabulary and local Catholic tenant farmers near Carrickshock, near Hugginstown, County Kilkenny, on 14 December 1831, during the Tithe War in Ireland. Seventeen were killed: fourteen of a party attempting to collect tithes and three of the crowd of locals who confronted them. The incident was unusual among massacres in the Tithe War in that the majority of casualties were supporters rather than opponents of tithes. Background In Ireland from 1830, beginning in Kilkenny, Roman Catholic tenant farmers began withholding the tithes they were obliged to pay to the vicar of the local Church of Ireland parish. Dr. Hans Hamilton was rector of Knocktopher, a union of five parishes: Knocktopher, Aghaviller, Kilmoganny, Dunnamaggin, and Derrynahinch. and in January 1831 he refused the request of a delegation of tenants to reduce their tithe rate. In March, Hamilton bega ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tithe War
The Tithe War () was a campaign of mainly nonviolent civil disobedience, punctuated by sporadic violent episodes, in Ireland between 1830 and 1836 in reaction to the enforcement of tithes on the Roman Catholic majority for the upkeep of the established state church, the Church of Ireland. Tithes were payable in cash or kind and payment was compulsory, irrespective of an individual's religious adherence. Background Tithe payment was an obligation on those working the land to pay ten per cent of the value of certain types of agricultural produce for the upkeep of the clergy and maintenance of the assets of the church. After the Reformation in Ireland of the 16th century, the assets of the church were allocated by King Henry VIII to the new established church. The majority of the population in Ireland who continued to adhere to Catholicism were then obliged to make tithe payments which were directed away from their own church to the reformed one. This increased the financial bur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dublin Castle Administration
Dublin Castle was the centre of the government of Ireland under English and later British rule. "Dublin Castle" is used metonymically to describe British rule in Ireland. The Castle held only the executive branch of government and the Privy Council of Ireland, both appointed by the British government. The Castle did not hold the judicial branch, which was centred on the Four Courts, or the legislature, which met at College Green until the Act of Union 1800, and thereafter at Westminster. Head The head of the administration or Chief governor of Ireland was variously known as the justiciar, the Lord Deputy, from the seventeenth century the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and later the Viceroy. Before 1707, he represented the government of the Kingdom of England, then that of the Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain, also known as the Kingdom of Great Britain, was a sovereign state in Western Europe from 1707 to the end of 1800. The state was created by the 1706 Treaty o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daniel O'Connell
Daniel(I) O’Connell (; 6 August 1775 – 15 May 1847), hailed in his time as The Liberator, was the acknowledged political leader of Ireland's Roman Catholic majority in the first half of the 19th century. His mobilisation of Catholic Ireland, down to the poorest class of tenant farmers, secured the final instalment of Catholic emancipation in 1829 and allowed him to take a seat in the Parliament of the United Kingdom, United Kingdom Parliament to which he had been twice elected. At Palace of Westminster, Westminster, O'Connell championed liberal and Reformism, reform causes (being internationally renowned as an Abolitionism, abolitionist) but he failed in his declared objective for Irelandthe repeal of the Acts of Union 1800, Act of Union 1800 and the restoration of an Parliament of Ireland, Irish Parliament. In 1843, a threat of military force induced O'Connell to call a halt to an unprecedented campaign of open-air mass meetings. The loss of prestige, combined with the pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assizes
The assizes (), or courts of assize, were periodic courts held around England and Wales until 1972, when together with the quarter sessions they were abolished by the Courts Act 1971 and replaced by a single permanent Crown Court. The assizes exercised both Civil law (common law), civil and English criminal law, criminal jurisdiction, though most of their work was on the criminal side. The assizes heard the most serious cases, most notably those subject to capital punishment or, later, life imprisonment. Other serious cases were dealt with by the quarter sessions (local county courts held four times per year), while the more minor offences were dealt with summarily by justice of the peace, justices of the peace in petty sessions (also known as magistrates' court (England and Wales), magistrates' courts). The word ''assize'' refers to the sittings or sessions (Old French ''assises'') of the judges, known as "justices of assize", who were judges who travelled across the seven circu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kilkeasy
Kilkeasy () is a civil parish in the historical barony of Knocktopher in County Kilkenny, Ireland. Kilkeasy civil parish, which has an area of approximately , contains the townlands of Ballybray, Kilkeasy and Knockmoylan. Kilkeasy also shares its name with a local electoral division. Within Kilkeasy townland is a ruined church and graveyard. This graveyard contains a reputed holy well that, according to local folklore, is said to cure warts and sore eyes. The source for the "healing water" is an opening in a tree which is routinely filled with water. There is also a memorial stone to Thomas Phelan, who died in the nearby Battle of Carrickshock, within the graveyard. Kilkeasy Bog, a wetland area comprising lakes and heathland, is a proposed Natural Heritage Area. Gallery Platanus that holds the holy well.jpg, Tree in Kilkeasy graveyard; Phelan memorial stone to the left Kilkeasy Holy Well.webm, Video of Kilkeasy graveyard Bridge over the M9 near Hugginstown - geograph.org.uk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kilcurl
Kilcurl (historically ''Kylkeryl'' and ''Kilkirihill'' and ''Kirkirle''; ) comprises the two townland areas of Kilcurl Anglesey and Kilcurl Feronsby. The townlands are situated from its nearest village, Knocktopher, and located on a road to Carrickshock monument away and to Ballyhale. The village of Knocktopher is situated in the parish of Ballyhale, south County Kilkenny, in Ireland. Kilcurl is primarily an area of rich farmland, but is also of historical significance due to the presence of a castle at Kilcurl Feronsby, the Tithe War memorial at nearby Carrickshock, the ancient church and graveyard ruins at Kilcurl Anglesey, and an Ogham stone on adjoining lands with Ballyboodan. Its history has been established from extensive records, archives, local historians, recordings and international research. History Ancestry.com's Rootsweb references the very large number of historic castles of County Kilkenny including Kilcurl Castle, that number being due to a history dating back t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hurley (stick)
A hurley or hurl or hurling stick (Irish language, Irish: ''camán'') is a wooden stick used in the Ireland, Irish sports of hurling and camogie. It typically measures between long with a flattened, curved ''bas'' ( , "Hand, palm of hand") at the end. The ''bas'' is used to strike a leather ''sliotar'' ball. GAA Rule 4.5 specifies that the bas should be no more than 13 cm at its widest point, however this rule is "ignored completely", with most hurleys having a ''bas'' in the region of 15.24 to 17 cm. Name Different varieties of Hiberno-English call the stick either a 'hurl' or 'hurley'. There are regional variations, with 22 of Ireland's Counties of Ireland, 32 counties using the term 'hurl' according to a poll in 2020, which found that 97% of people in County Cork preferred the name 'hurley', while 98% of people in County Wexford preferred 'hurl'. The use of the word 'hurl', to refer to the stick, reputedly dates back to at least 1882. Form and construction Hurle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Townland
A townland (; Ulster-Scots: ''toonlann'') is a traditional small land division used in Ireland and in the Western Isles of Scotland, typically covering . The townland system is of medieval Gaelic origin, predating the Norman invasion, and most have Irish-derived names. However, some townland names and boundaries come from Norman manors, plantation divisions, or later creations of the Ordnance Survey.Connolly, S. J., ''The Oxford Companion to Irish History, page 577. Oxford University Press, 2002. ''Maxwell, Ian, ''How to Trace Your Irish Ancestors'', page 16. howtobooks, 2009. Townlands cover the whole island of Ireland, and the total number of inhabited townlands in Ireland was 60,679 in 1911. The total number recognised by the Placenames Database of Ireland as of 2014 was 61,098, including uninhabited townlands. Etymology The term "townland" in English is derived from the Old English word ''tūn'', denoting an enclosure. The term describes the smallest unit of land di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boreen
A boreen or bohereen ( ; , meaning 'a little road') is a country lane, or narrow, frequently unpaved, rural road in Ireland. "Boreen" also appears sometimes in names of minor urban roads such as Saint Mobhi Bóithrín (), commonly known as Mobhi Boreen in Glasnevin, Dublin. To be considered a boreen the road or path should not be wide enough for two cars to pass and have grass growing in the middle. Boreens may be private rights of way that are not open for public use. In parts of Ulster, a boreen is often called a ''loanin'', an Ulster Scots word. Etymology The word "boreen" comes from the Irish word ("little road"), which in turn comes from ("road"). In origin, a ''bóthar'' was a cow path ( means cow), a track the width of two cows, so ''bóithrín'' meant a little cow path. ''Bóthar'' was one of the five types of road identified in medieval Irish legal texts, the others being ''slige'' (on which two chariots could pass), ''rót'' (on which one chariot and two ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ballyhale
Ballyhale () is a village in the south east of Ireland. Located in the south of County Kilkenny, south of the city of Kilkenny and roughly halfway to Waterford city. The sport of hurling is popular in the area, and the local Gaelic Athletic Association team of Ballyhale Shamrocks are the most successful hurling club in All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship history. Local Kilkenny GAA hurler Henry Shefflin holds the record for the highest number of All Ireland Senior Hurling medals for a single player. The location is also close to the Mount Juliet golf course in nearby Thomastown. The food brand Glanbia, originally Avonmore, had its roots in a number of member-owned creameries, before becoming a global showcase coop brand for Irish agriculture. Ballyhale is also home to Kiltorcan's Old Quarry. Ballyhale also played a historic role when, in 1832, approximately 200,000 people from four counties gathered in support of those on trial for the 1831 Battle of Carrickshock. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wexford Rebellion
The Wexford Rebellion refers to the events of the Irish Rebellion of 1798 in County Wexford. From 27 May until 21 June 1798, Society of United Irishmen rebels revolted against British rule in the county, engaging in multiple confrontations with Crown forces. The most successful and destructive rising in all the counties of Ireland, United Irishmen rebels experienced a number of early successes in the county despite being seen as a relatively loyal county by the Dublin Castle administration due to a series of military victories. However, the tide soon turned against the United Irishmen in Wexford as Crown forces poured into the region, engaging in a brutal counterinsurgency which indiscriminately targeted suspected rebels and eventually suppressed all rebel activities in the county. Background The County Wexford branch of the Society of United Irishmen had remained relatively intact during the government repression by the Dublin Castle administration which saw neighbouring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedge School
Hedge schools ( Irish names include '' scoil chois claí'', ''scoil ghairid'' and ''scoil scairte'') were small informal secret and illegal schools, particularly in 18th-century Ireland, teaching the rudiments of primary education to children of 'non-conforming' faiths (Catholic and Presbyterian). Prior to the 1792 repeal of the Education Act 1695, only schools run by subscribers to the Anglican faith were allowed to operate. Instead, Catholics and Presbyterians set up secret and illegal schools that met in private homes. History After the 16th and 17th century dispossession, emigration, and outlawry of the Irish clan chiefs and the loss of their patronage, the teachers and students of the schools that for centuries had trained composers of Irish bardic poetry adapted, according to Daniel Corkery, by becoming teachers at secret and illegal Catholic schools, which doubled as minor seminaries for the increasingly illegal and underground Catholic Church in Ireland. While ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
