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Carl Friedrich Geiser
Carl Friedrich Geiser (26 February 1843, Langenthal – 7 March 1934, Küsnacht) was a Swiss mathematician, specializing in algebraic geometry. He is known for the Geiser involution and Geiser's minimal surface. Education and career Geiser's father was a butcher and innkeeper. The famous Swiss mathematician Jakob Steiner was Carl F. Geiser's great-uncle. Geiser studied for four semesters from 1859 to 1861 at the Zürich Polytechnikum and then went to Berlin for four semesters from 1861 to 1863 to study under Karl Weierstrass and Leopold Kronecker. Since the support from his parents was not sufficient, he gave private lessons to students, some of whom were found for him by Weierstrass and Kronecker. He graduated in 1863 and returned to Switzerland as a ''Privatdozent'' at Zürich Polytechnikum. He pursued graduate studies at the University of Bern with doctorate ( Promotion) in 1866 under Ludwig Schläfli with dissertation ''Beiträge zur synthetischen Geometrie''. At the Züri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein ( ; ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist, widely acknowledged to be one of the greatest and most influential physicists of all time. Einstein is best known for developing the theory of relativity, but he also made important contributions to the development of the theory of quantum mechanics. Relativity and quantum mechanics are the two pillars of modern physics. His mass–energy equivalence formula , which arises from relativity theory, has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation". His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect", a pivotal step in the development of quantum theory. His intellectual achievements and originality resulted in "Einstein" becoming synonymous with "genius". In 1905, a year sometimes described as his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century Swiss Mathematicians
The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanding beyond its British homeland for the first time during this century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Islamic gunpowder empires fell into decline and European imperialism brought much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and almost all of Africa under colonial rule. It was also marked by the collapse of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1934 Deaths
Events January–February * January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established. * January 15 – The 8.0 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake, Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of XI (''Extreme''), killing an estimated 6,000–10,700 people. * January 26 – A 10-year German–Polish declaration of non-aggression is signed by Nazi Germany and the Second Polish Republic. * January 30 ** In Nazi Germany, the political power of federal states such as Prussia is substantially abolished, by the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" (''Gesetz über den Neuaufbau des Reiches''). ** Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, signs the Gold Reserve Act: all gold held in the Federal Reserve is to be surrendered to the United States Department of the Treasury; immediately following, the President raises the statutory gold price from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1843 Births
Events January–March * January ** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel '' Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States. ** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" is published in a Boston magazine. ** The Quaker magazine '' The Friend'' is first published in London. * January 3 – The '' Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms'' (海國圖志, ''Hǎiguó Túzhì'') compiled by Wei Yuan and others, the first significant Chinese work on the West, is published in China. * January 6 – Antarctic explorer James Clark Ross discovers Snow Hill Island. * January 20 – Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis of Paraná, becomes ''de facto'' first prime minister of the Empire of Brazil. * February – Shaikh Ali bin Khalifa Al-Khalifa captures the fort and town of Riffa after the rival branch of the family fails to gain control of the Riffa Fort and flees to Manama. Shaikh Mohamed bin Ahmed is ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Jakob Burckhardt
Johann Jakob Burckhardt (13 July 1903, Basel – 5 November 2006, Zurich) was a Swiss mathematician and crystallographer. He was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1936 in Oslo. Biography Johann Jakob Burckhardt came from an old Basel family. His ancestors include a brother (Hieronimus) of Jacob Bernoulli and Johann Bernoulli. The son of a lawyer and legal advisor to the German consulate in Basel, J. J. Burckhardt attended in Basel the ''Gymnasium am Münsterplatz'' (the second oldest '' Gymnasium'' in Switzerland) and the ''Oberrealschule''. In 1922 he matriculated at the University of Basel. He studied in 1923 in the summer semester at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, where Arnold Sommerfeld, Oskar Perron, Friedrich Hartogs and Wilhelm Wien taught, and in 1924 at the University of Hamburg, where Hans Rademacher and Erich Hecke taught. Inspired by reading Andreas Speiser's group theory textbook, which includes applications to crysta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arnold Emch
Arnold F. Emch (24 March 1871 – 1959) was an American mathematician, known for his work on the inscribed square problem. Emch received his Ph.D. in 1895 at the University of Kansas under the supervision of Henry Byron Newson. In the late 1890s until 1905 he was an assistant professor of graphic mathematics in the school of engineering at the Kansas State Agricultural College (now Kansas State University). In 1905 Emch became a professor of mathematics at the Kantonsschule in Solothurn, Switzerland. In 1908 Emch gave a lecture at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Rome. From 1911 to 1939 he was a professor at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (U of I, Illinois, University of Illinois, or UIUC) is a public land-grant research university in Illinois in the twin cities of Champaign and Urbana. It is the flagship institution of the Univers .... His wife was Hilda Walters Emch (1875–1962) and they had two son ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Kollros
Louis Kollros (7 May 1878, La Chaux-de-Fonds – 19 June 1959, Zurich) was a Swiss mathematician. From 1909 to 1948 he was a professor ordinarius of geometry at ETH Zurich. Kollros, the son of a baker, was from 1896 as a student of mathematics and physics at the Zurich Polytechnikum, where he was a fellow student of Albert Einstein and Marcel Grossmann. After graduating in 1900, Kollros taught mathematics from 1900 to 1909 in secondary school in his hometown of La Chaux-de-Fonds. In 1903–1904 to 1909 he studied in Göttingen with Hermann Minkowski and David Hilbert. From 1904 to 1909 Kollross was a ''privat-docent'' (lecturer) at the University of Neuchâtel. He received his doctorate in 1905 from the University of Zurich with thesis advisor Hermann Minkowski and thesis ''Un algorithme pour l'approximation simultaneé de deux grandeurs''. At ETH Zurich, where Marcel Grossmann taught until 1927 in the same field, Kollross held from 1909 to 1948 the francophone chair of ''géo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Fehr
Henri Fehr (Zurich, 2 February 1870 – Geneva, 2 November 1954) was a Swiss mathematician. He was the founder of the Foundation for the Advancement of Mathematical Sciences, of the journal "Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici" and of the journal " L'Enseignement mathématique" along with Charles-Ange Laisant. Fehr's interests in mathematics were scientific and social as is demonstrated by his involvement in academic life, committees for the improvement of mathematical instruction, education of teachers and internationalization of mathematics. He studied in Switzerland and in France. His doctoral dissertation was about the method of Grassmann vectors applied to differential geometry. Fehr was professor of the University of Geneva and later dean, vice-rector and rector. He was considered an pedagogue with an interest for the social aspects of the mathematics community and for the academic life. He was an Invited Speaker at the ICM in 1904 in Heidelberg, in 1908 in Rome, in 1912 i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Mathematical Society
The Swiss Mathematical Society (german: Schweizerische Mathematische Gesellschaft; french: Société Mathématique Suisse), founded in Basel on September 4, 1910, is the national mathematical society of Switzerland and a member society of the European Mathematical Society. It is notably running the scholarly journal Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici (founded by the Society in 1929) and Elemente der Mathematik (founded in 1946), both currently published by the European Mathematical Society. Presidents *1910–12 Rudolf Fueter *1913–15 Henri Fehr *1916–17 Marcel Grossmann (ETH Zurich) *1918–19 Michel Plancherel *1920–21 Louis Crelier *1922–23 Gustave Dumas (University of Lausanne) *1924–25 Andreas Speiser *1926–27 Ferdinand Gonseth (Bern) *1928–29 Severin Bays (Fribourg) *1930–31 Samuel Dumas (Bern) *1932–33 Gustave Juvet (University of Lausanne) *1934–35 Walter Saxer (ETH Zurich) *1936–37 Rolin Wavre *1938–39 Willy Scherrer (Bern) *1940–41 Lou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Academy Of Sciences Leopoldina
The German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (german: link=no, Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina – Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften), short Leopoldina, is the national academy of Germany, and is located in Halle (Saale). Founded on 1 January 1652, based on academic models in Italy, it was originally named the ''Academia Naturae Curiosorum'' until 1687 when Emperor Leopold I raised it to an academy and named it after himself. It was since known under the German name ''Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina'' until 2007, when it was declared to be Germany's National Academy of Sciences. History ' The Leopoldina was founded in the imperial city of Schweinfurt on 1 January 1652 under the Latin name sometimes translated into English as "Academy of the Curious as to Nature." It was founded by four local physicians- Johann Laurentius Bausch, the first president of the society, Johann Michael Fehr, Georg Balthasar Metzger, and Georg Balthasar Wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Congress Of Mathematicians
The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU). The Fields Medals, the Nevanlinna Prize (to be renamed as the IMU Abacus Medal), the Gauss Prize, and the Chern Medal are awarded during the congress's opening ceremony. Each congress is memorialized by a printed set of Proceedings recording academic papers based on invited talks intended to be relevant to current topics of general interest. Being invited to talk at the ICM has been called "the equivalent ... of an induction to a hall of fame". History Felix Klein and Georg Cantor are credited with putting forward the idea of an international congress of mathematicians in the 1890s.A. John Coleman"Mathematics without borders": a book review ''CMS Notes'', vol 31, no. 3, April 1999, pp. 3-5 The University of Chicago, which had opened in 1892, organized an International Mathematical Con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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