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Caragana Sinica
''Caragana sinica'' () is a species belonging to the genus '' Caragana''. ''Caragana sinica'' is known to produce the stilbenoid trimers α-viniferin, showing acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, and miyabenol C, a protein kinase C inhibitorNaturally Occurring Protein Kinase C Inhibitors; II. Isolation of Oligomeric Stilbenes from Caragana sinica. Palaniappan Kulanthaivel, William P. Janzen, Lawrence M. Ballas, Jack B. Jiang, Chang-Qi Hu, James W. Darges, Jan C. Seldin, Divann J. Cofield and Laurel M. Adams, Planta Med, 1995, 61(1), pages 41-44, and two stilbene tetramers kobophenol A, and carasinol B Carasinol B is a stilbenoid tetramer found in ''Caragana sinica'' (Chinese : Jin Que-gen). Acid-catalyzed epimerization of kobophenol A Kobophenol A is a stilbenoid. It is a tetramer of resveratrol. It can be isolated from '' Caragana chamlagu'' .... References Hedysareae Medicinal plants of Asia {{Faboideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant
Plants are predominantly Photosynthesis, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the Kingdom (biology), kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria). By one definition, plants form the clade Viridiplantae (Latin name for "green plants") which is sister of the Glaucophyte, Glaucophyta, and consists of the green algae and Embryophyte, Embryophyta (land plants). The latter includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns and Fern ally, their allies, hornworts, liverworts, and mosses. Most plants are multicellular organisms. Green plants obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts that are derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green colo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angiosperms
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of broad-leaved trees, shrubs and vines, and most aquatic plants. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ἀγγεῖον / ('container, vessel') and σπέρμα / ('seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed within a fruit. They are by far the most diverse group of land plants with 64 orders, 416 families, approximately 13,000 known genera and 300,000 known species. Angiosperms were formerly called Magnoliophyta (). Angiosperms are distinguished from the other seed-producing plants, the gymnosperms, by having flowers, xylem consisting of vessel elements instead of tracheids, endosperm within their seeds, and fruits that completely envelop the seeds. The ancestors of flowering plants diverged from the common ances ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eudicots
The eudicots, Eudicotidae, or eudicotyledons are a clade of flowering plants mainly characterized by having two seed leaves upon germination. The term derives from Dicotyledons. Traditionally they were called tricolpates or non- magnoliid dicots by previous authors. The botanical terms were introduced in 1991 by evolutionary botanist James A. Doyle and paleobotanist Carol L. Hotton to emphasize the later evolutionary divergence of tricolpate dicots from earlier, less specialized, dicots. Numerous familiar plants are eudicots, including many common food plants, trees, and ornamentals. Some common and familiar eudicots include sunflower, dandelion, forget-me-not, cabbage, apple, buttercup, maple, and macadamia. Most leafy trees of midlatitudes also belong to eudicots, with notable exceptions being magnolias and tulip trees which belong to magnoliids, and ''Ginkgo biloba'', which is not an angiosperm. Description The close relationships among flowering plants with tricolpa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosids
The rosids are members of a large clade (monophyletic group) of flowering plants, containing about 70,000 species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ..., more than a quarter of all angiosperms. The clade is divided into 16 to 20 Order (biology), orders, depending upon Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscription and Biological classification, classification. These orders, in turn, together comprise about 140 Family (biology), families. Fossil rosids are known from the Cretaceous period. Molecular clock estimates indicate that the rosids originated in the Aptian or Albian stages of the Cretaceous, between 125 and 99.6 million years ago. Today's forests are highly dominated by rosid species, which in turn helped with diversification in many other living lineages. Additio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fabales
The Fabales are an order of flowering plants included in the rosid group of the eudicots in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II classification system. In the APG II circumscription, this order includes the families Fabaceae or legumes (including the subfamilies Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae, and Faboideae), Quillajaceae, Polygalaceae or milkworts (including the families Diclidantheraceae, Moutabeaceae, and Xanthophyllaceae), and Surianaceae. Under the Cronquist system and some other plant classification systems, the order Fabales contains only the family Fabaceae. In the classification system of Dahlgren the Fabales were in the superorder Fabiflorae (also called Fabanae) with three families corresponding to the subfamilies of Fabaceae in APG II. The other families treated in the Fabales by the APG II classification were placed in separate orders by Cronquist, the Polygalaceae within its own order, the Polygalales, and the Quillajaceae and Surianaceae within the Rosales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fabaceae
The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. Article 18.5 states: "The following names, of long usage, are treated as validly published: ....Leguminosae (nom. alt.: Fabaceae; type: Faba Mill. Vicia L.; ... When the Papilionaceae are regarded as a family distinct from the remainder of the Leguminosae, the name Papilionaceae is conserved against Leguminosae." English pronunciations are as follows: , and . commonly known as the legume, pea, or bean family, are a large and agriculturally important family of [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caragana
''Caragana'' is a genus of about 80–100 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, native to Asia and eastern Europe. They are shrubs or small trees growing tall. They have even-pinnate leaves with small leaflets, and solitary or clustered mostly yellow (rarely white or pink) flowers and bearing seeds in a linear pod. ''Caragana'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including dark dagger. Sections and species Section ''Bracteolatae'' *''Caragana ambigua'' Stocks *''Caragana bicolor'' Kom. *''Caragana brevispina'' Royle ex Benth. *'' Caragana conferta'' Benth. ex Baker *''Caragana franchetiana'' Kom. *''Caragana gerardiana'' Royle ex Benth. *''Caragana jubata'' (Pall.) Poir. *'' Caragana sukiensis'' C.K.Schneid. *'' Caragana tibetica'' (Maxim. ex C.K. Schneid.) Kom. Section ''Caragana'' *'' Caragana arborescens'' Lam. *'' Caragana boisii'' C.K.Schneid. *'' Caragana bungei'' Ledeb. *'' Caragana korshinskii'' Kom. *'' Car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpha-viniferin
α-Viniferin is a stilbene trimer. It can be isolated from '' Caragana chamlagu'' and from ''Caragana sinica'' and from the stem bark of ''Dryobalanops aromatica''. It is also present in relation to resistance to ''Botrytis cinerea'' and ''Plasmopara viticola'' in ''Vitis vinifera'' and ''Vitis riparia''.Disease resistance of Vitis spp. and the production of the stress metabolites resveratrol, epsilon -viniferin, alpha -viniferin and pterostilbene. Langcake P, Physiological Plant Pathology, 1981, Vol. 18, No. 2, pages 213-226abstract) It has been shown to inhibit acetylcholinesterase Acetylcholinesterase (HGNC symbol ACHE; EC 3.1.1.7; systematic name acetylcholine acetylhydrolase), also known as AChE, AChase or acetylhydrolase, is the primary cholinesterase in the body. It is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of acety .... References Resveratrol oligomers Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors {{Aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miyabenol C
Miyabenol C is a stilbenoid. It is a resveratrol trimer. It is found in ''Vitis vinifera'' (grape), in Foeniculi fructus (fruit of ''Foeniculum vulgare Fennel (''Foeniculum vulgare'') is a flowering plant species in the carrot family. It is a hardy, perennial herb with yellow flowers and feathery leaves. It is indigenous to the shores of the Mediterranean but has become widely naturalize ...''), in '' Caragana sinica''. It shows protein kinase C inhibitor activity. Foeniculoside I is a glucoside of cis-miyabenol C. References External links Miyabenol C at www.plant-expert.com Resveratrol oligomers Natural phenol trimers Protein kinase inhibitors Grape {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein Kinase C
In cell biology, Protein kinase C, commonly abbreviated to PKC (EC 2.7.11.13), is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins, or a member of this family. PKC enzymes in turn are activated by signals such as increases in the concentration of diacylglycerol (DAG) or calcium ions (Ca2+). Hence PKC enzymes play important roles in several signal transduction cascades. In biochemistry, the PKC family consists of fifteen isozymes in humans. They are divided into three subfamilies, based on their second messenger requirements: conventional (or classical), novel, and atypical. Conventional (c)PKCs contain the isoforms α, βI, βII, and γ. These require Ca2+, DAG, and a phospholipid such as phosphatidylserine for activation. Novel (n)PKCs include the δ, ε, η, and θ isoforms, and require DAG, but do not require Ca2+ f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kobophenol A
Kobophenol A is a stilbenoid. It is a tetramer of resveratrol. It can be isolated from ''Caragana chamlagu'',(+)-α-Viniferin, a Stilbene Trimer from Caragana chamlague, Inhibits Acetylcholinesterase. Sang Hyun Sung, So Young Kang, Ki Yong Lee, Mi Jung Park, Jeong Hun Kim, Jong Hee Park, Young Chul Kim, Jinwoong Kim and Young Choong Kim, Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, Vol. 25, 2002 from '''' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carasinol B to carasinol B can be performed ''in vitro''.
Carasinol B is a stilbenoid tetramer found in ''Caragana sinica'' (Chinese : Jin Que-gen). Acid-catalyzed epimerization of kobophenol A Kobophenol A is a stilbenoid. It is a tetramer of resveratrol. It can be isolated from '' Caragana chamlagu'', References Resveratrol oligomers Natural phenol tetramers {{Aromatic-stub ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
