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Cangin Languages
The Cangin () languages are spoken by 200,000 people (as of 2007) in a small area east of Dakar, Senegal. They are the languages spoken by the Serer people who do not speak the Serer language (''Serer-Sine''). Because the people are ethnically Serer, the Cangin languages are commonly thought to be dialects of the Serer language. However, they are not closely related; Serer is closer to Fulani than it is to Cangin. Languages The Cangin languages are: Lehar and Noon are particularly close, as are Ndut and Palor, though not quite to the point of easy intelligibility. Safen is transparently closer to Lehar–Noon than to Palor–Ndut. Reconstruction Merrill (2018: 451) reconstructs Proto-Cangin as follows.Merrill, John Thomas Mayfield. 2018. The Historical Origin of Consonant Mutation in the Atlantic Languages'. Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Berkeley. See also *Serer language Serer, often broken into differing regional dialects such as Serer-Sine and Ser ...
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Senegal
Senegal, officially the Republic of Senegal, is the westernmost country in West Africa, situated on the Atlantic Ocean coastline. It borders Mauritania to Mauritania–Senegal border, the north, Mali to Mali–Senegal border, the east, Guinea to Guinea–Senegal border, the southeast and Guinea-Bissau to Guinea-Bissau–Senegal border, the southwest. Senegal nearly surrounds The Gambia, a country occupying a narrow sliver of land along the banks of the Gambia River, which separates Senegal's southern region of Casamance from the rest of the country. It also shares a maritime border with Cape Verde. Senegal's capital is Dakar. Senegal is the westernmost country in the mainland of the Old World, or Afro-Eurasia. It owes its name to the Senegal River, which borders it to the east and north. The climate is typically Sahelian, though there is a wet season, rainy season. Senegal covers a land area of almost and has a population of around 18 million. The state is a Presidential system ...
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Serer-Noon
The Serer-Noon also called Noon (sometimes spelt ''Non'' or ''None'') are an ethnic people who occupy western Senegal. They are part of the Serer people though they do not speak the Serer-Sine language natively. Territory They are found primarily in Senegal in the region of Thiès in areas like Fandène, Peykouk, Silman, Diankhène and Dioung. Ndiaye, Ousmane Sémou, "Diversité et unicité sérères : l’exemple de la région de Thiès", Éthiopiques, no 54, vol. 7, 2e semestre 199/ref> As well as being present in Senegal, they are also found in the Gambia. Population In the Thies area alone, their population is 32,900. Collectively, the Serer people make-up the third largest ethnic group in Senegal. History In his Sketches of Senegal (1853), Abbé Boilat described them as "the most beautiful black people... tall and beautiful posture... who are always well dressed, very strong and independent" During the 19th century muslim marabout jihads in Senegambia, the Serer-N ...
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Languages Of Senegal
Senegal is a multilingual country: ''Ethnologue'' lists 36 languages, Wolof language, Wolof being the most widely spoken language. French language, French, is the only official language of Senegal, used mainly by the administration, the education and spoken by 26% of the total population.La langue française dans le monde (2015-2018)
Éditions Gallimard, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
Senegal is a member State of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. A Senegalese, Abdou Diouf, held the position of its Executive Secretary between 2003 and 2014. Several of the Senegalese languages have the status of "national languages": Wolof language, Wolof, Balanta-Ganja language, Balanta-Ganja, Arabic, Jola-Fonyi l ...
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Cangin Languages
The Cangin () languages are spoken by 200,000 people (as of 2007) in a small area east of Dakar, Senegal. They are the languages spoken by the Serer people who do not speak the Serer language (''Serer-Sine''). Because the people are ethnically Serer, the Cangin languages are commonly thought to be dialects of the Serer language. However, they are not closely related; Serer is closer to Fulani than it is to Cangin. Languages The Cangin languages are: Lehar and Noon are particularly close, as are Ndut and Palor, though not quite to the point of easy intelligibility. Safen is transparently closer to Lehar–Noon than to Palor–Ndut. Reconstruction Merrill (2018: 451) reconstructs Proto-Cangin as follows.Merrill, John Thomas Mayfield. 2018. The Historical Origin of Consonant Mutation in the Atlantic Languages'. Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Berkeley. See also *Serer language Serer, often broken into differing regional dialects such as Serer-Sine and Ser ...
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Guillaume Segerer
Guillaume Segerer (born July 13, 1965, in Paris, France) is a French linguist who specializes in Niger-Congo languages, especially the Atlantic languages. Segerer is known for his historical-comparative work on the Atlantic languages. Education In 2000, Segerer obtained his doctorate from Sorbonne Nouvelle University Paris 3. His doctorate thesis was a description of the Bijogo language of Guinea-Bissau. He has been employed at the CNRS The French National Centre for Scientific Research (, , CNRS) is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe. In 2016, it employed 31,637 staff, including 11,137 tenured researchers, 13,415 eng ... since 2001, where he mostly worked at LLACAN (), a Unité mixte de recherche (UMR) within the CNRS. Since 2007, Segerer has been employed as a full researcher at LLACAN. Projects Some projects that Segerer has worked on include the following. *RefLex (Reference Lexicon of the languages of Af ...
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Senegal River
The Senegal River ( or "Senegal" - compound of the  Serer term "Seen" or "Sene" or "Sen" (from  Roog Seen, Supreme Deity in Serer religion) and "O Gal" (meaning "body of water")); , , , ) is a river in West Africa; much of its length marks part of the border between Senegal and Mauritania. It has a drainage basin of , a mean flow of , and an annual discharge of . Important tributaries are the Falémé River, Karakoro River, and the Gorgol River. The river divides into two branches once it passes Kaédi. The left branch, called the Doué, runs parallel to the main river to the north. After the two branches rejoin a few kilometers downstream of Podor. In 1972 Mali, Mauritania and Senegal founded the Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal (OMVS) to manage the river basin. Guinea joined in 2005. , only very limited use was made of the river for the transportation of goods and passengers. The OMVS have looked at the feasibility of creating a navigable ...
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Biffeche
Biffeche or Bifeche is an area of Senegal centred on the town of Savoigne, around 30 kilometres north-east of the major coastal city of Saint-Louis. Low-lying and largely flat, the region is populated by Fula,, Serer-Ndut, Wolof and Moor ethnic groups. The inhabitants' primary economic activities include animal herding and irrigation-based farming. Savoigne is the region's largest town, twinned with La Ferté Macé; its SOCAS tomato-paste factory imports and dilutes tomato paste for re-shipment within Senegal. The population is primarily Muslim, but also contains Catholics and animists. The Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary is located to the north. History The Serer-Ndut were the earliest known inhabitants of Biffeche. Strong adherents to their native Serer religion,For more about the Serer-Ndut people, see : Dupire, Marguerite, "Sagesse sereer: Essais sur la pensée sereer ndut"/ref> they were persecuted and killed by the :Muslim communities of Senegal, Muslims c ...
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Serer-Ndut People
The Serer-Ndut or Ndut also spelt (''Ndoute'' or ''N'doute'') are an ethnic group in Senegal numbering 38600. They are part of the Serer people who collectively make up the third largest ethnic group in Senegal. The Serer-Ndut live mostly in western Senegal in the district of Mont-Roland, northwest of the city of Thiès. Culture Their language Ndut, is one of the Cangin languages, closely related to Palor. Like the other Cangin languages, the speakers are ethnically Serers but they do not speak the Serer-Sine language. Their language is not a dialect of Serer-Sine (or Serer proper). The people are agriculturalists and lake fishermen. Religion Serer-Ndut people traditionally and still practice the Serer religion which involves honouring the ancestors covering all dimensions of life, death, cosmology etc. Their name for the Supreme Deity ( Roog - in Serer religion) is Kopé Tiatie Cac - (''God the grandfather'' in the Ndut language). The Ndut initiation rite, a rite ...
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Ndut Language
Ndut (''Ndoute'') is a Cangin language of Senegal Senegal, officially the Republic of Senegal, is the westernmost country in West Africa, situated on the Atlantic Ocean coastline. It borders Mauritania to Mauritania–Senegal border, the north, Mali to Mali–Senegal border, the east, Guinea t .... ''Ethnologue'' reports that it is 84% cognate (and 55% intelligible) with Palor, essentially a divergent dialect, and 68% cognate with the other Cangin languages. References Languages of Senegal Cangin languages {{Senegal-stub ...
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Rufisque
Rufisque (; Wolof: Tëngeéj) is a city in the Dakar region of western Senegal, at the base of the Cap-Vert Peninsula east of Dakar, the capital. It has a population of 295,459 (2023 census).Citypopulation.de
Population of the major cities in Senegal
In the past it was an important port city in its own right, but is now a of Dakar. Rufisque is also the capital of the department of the same name.


History


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Palor People
The Palors also known as Serer-Palor, (or Waro in their own language) among other names, are an ethnic group found in Senegal around the west central, west southwest of Thiès. They are a sub-group of the Serer ethnic group found in Senegal, the Gambia and Mauritania. Although ethnically Serers, they do not speak the Serer language but one of the Cangin languages. Their language is Palor. Other names Other names for the Palor people include Waro (the name for themselves), Palors-Sile, Waro-Waro, Falor, Sili, Sili-Sili (the name they use for their language). The word ''Sili'' is a Palor word for Serer. History According to Atlas National du Sénégal (Institut Géographique National 1977), their population was 5000. By 2007, their population was 10,700. They are found in the area of Diander, such as: Gorom, Sébikotane, Tieudem, Mbidjeum, etc. The Palors are a member of the Cangin people (those who speak the Cangin languages) and a sub-group of the Serer people. In their ora ...
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