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Cahto People
The Cahto (also spelled Kato, especially in anthropological and linguistic contexts) are an Indigenous Californian group of Native Americans. Today most descendants are enrolled as the federally recognized tribe, the Cahto Indian Tribe of the Laytonville Rancheria, and a small group of Cahto are enrolled in the Round Valley Indian Tribes of the Round Valley Reservation. Name ''Cahto (Kato)'' means loosely "People of the Lake" or "Lake People," and may derive from the Northern Pomo word for "lake", which referred to an important Cahto village site, called Djilbi. Therefore the Cahto are sometimes referred to as the ''Kaipomo'' or Kato people. The Cahto (Kato) called themselves , or "Grass People." Today they use or Cahto Tribe as their tribal designation. Reservation The tribe controls the Laytonville Rancheria (), also known as the Cahto Rancheria, a federal Indian reservation of Cahto and Pomo people. The rancheria is large and located west of Laytonville in Mendocino ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward S
Edward is an English language, English male name. It is derived from the Old English, Anglo-Saxon name ''Ēadweard'', composed of the elements ''wikt:ead#Old English, ēad'' "wealth, fortunate; prosperous" and ''wikt:weard#Old English, weard'' "guardian, protector”. History The name Edward was very popular in Anglo-Saxon England, but the rule of the House of Normandy, Norman and House of Plantagenet, Plantagenet dynasties had effectively ended its use amongst the upper classes. The popularity of the name was revived when Henry III of England, Henry III named his firstborn son, the future Edward I of England, Edward I, as part of his efforts to promote a cult around Edward the Confessor, for whom Henry had a deep admiration. Variant forms The name has been adopted in the Iberian Peninsula#Modern Iberia, Iberian peninsula since the 15th century, due to Edward, King of Portugal, whose mother was English. The Spanish/Portuguese forms of the name are Eduardo and Duarte (name), Duart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puberty
Puberty is the process of physical changes through which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. It is initiated by hormonal signals from the brain to the gonads: the ovaries in a female, the testicles in a male. In response to the signals, the gonads produce hormones that stimulate libido and the growth, function, and transformation of the brain, bones, muscle, blood, skin, hair, breasts, and sex organs. Physical growth—height and weight—accelerates in the first half of puberty and is completed when an adult body has been developed. Before puberty, the external sex organs, known as primary sexual characteristics, are sex characteristics that distinguish males and females. Puberty leads to sexual dimorphism through the development of the secondary sex characteristics, which further distinguish the sexes. On average, females begin puberty at age 10½ and complete puberty at ages 15-17; males begin at ages 11½-12 and complete pube ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Domesticated Animal
This page gives a list of domesticated animals, also including a list of domestication of animals, animals which are or may be currently undergoing the process of domestication and animals that have an extensive relationship with humans beyond simple predation. This includes species which are semi-domesticated, undomesticated but Captive breeding, captive-bred on a commercial scale, or commonly wild-caught, at least occasionally captive-bred, and Tame animal, tameable. In order to be considered fully domesticated, most species have undergone significant Heredity, genetic, Behavior, behavioural and Morphology (biology), morphological changes from their wild ancestors, while others have changed very little from their wild ancestors despite hundreds or thousands of years of potential selective breeding. A number of factors determine how quickly any changes may occur in a species, but there is not always a desire to improve a species from its wild form. Domestication is a gradual process ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tattoo
A tattoo is a form of body modification made by inserting tattoo ink, dyes, or pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to form a design. Tattoo artists create these designs using several tattooing processes and techniques, including hand-tapped traditional tattoos and modern tattoo machines. The history of tattooing goes back to Neolithic times, practiced across the globe by many cultures, and the symbolism and impact of tattoos varies in different places and cultures. Tattoos may be decorative (with no specific meaning), symbolic (with a specific meaning to the wearer), pictorial (a depiction of a specific person or item), or textual (words or pictographs from written languages). Many tattoos serve as rites of passage, marks of status and rank, symbols of religious and spiritual devotion, decorations for bravery, marks of fertility, pledges of love, amulets and talismans, protection, and as punishment, like the marks of outcasts, slaves, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanning (leather)
Tanning, or hide tanning, is the process of treating Skinning, skins and Hide (skin), hides of animals to produce leather. A tannery is the place where the skins are processed. Historically, vegetable based tanning used tannin, an acidic chemical compound derived from the bark of certain trees, in the production of leather. An alternative method, developed in the 1800s, is chrome tanning, where chromium salts are used instead of natural tannins. History Tanning hide into leather involves a process which permanently alters the protein structure of skin, making it more durable and less susceptible to decomposition and coloring. The place where hides are processed is known as a ''tannery''. The English word for tanning is from the medieval Latin verb , from the noun (oak bark). This term may be derived from a Celtic word related to the Proto-Indo-European *' meaning 'fir tree'. (The same root is the source for Old High German meaning 'fir', related to modern German ''Tannenb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eel River (California)
The Eel River (Wiyot: ''Wiya't''; Cahto: ''Taanchow''; Northern Pomo: ''ch'idiyu'') is a major river, about long, in northwestern California. The river and its tributaries form the third-largest watershed entirely in California, draining a rugged area of in five counties. The river flows generally northward through the Coast Ranges west of the Sacramento Valley, emptying into the Pacific Ocean about downstream from Fortuna and just south of Humboldt Bay. The river provides groundwater recharge, recreation, and industrial, agricultural and municipal water supply.William M. Brown and John R. RitterSediment transport and Turbidity in the Eel River Basin, 1971, prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources, 67 pages. The Eel River system is among the most dynamic in California because of the region's unstable geology and the influence of major Pacific storms. The discharge is highly variable; average flows in January and February are over 100 ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long Valley Caldera
Long Valley Caldera is a Depression (geology), depression in eastern California that is adjacent to Mammoth Mountain. The valley is one of the Earth's largest calderas, measuring about long (east-west), wide (north-south), and up to deep. Long Valley was formed 760,000 years ago when a Ultra-Plinian, very large eruption released hot ash that later cooled to form the Bishop tuff that is common to the area. The eruption emptied the magma chamber under the area to the point of collapse. The second phase of the eruption released pyroclastic flows that burned and buried thousands of square miles. Ash from this eruption blanketed much of the Western United States, western part of what is now the United States. Geography The caldera is a giant bowl-shaped depression, approximately long, surrounded by mountains except to the southeast. The elevation of the bottom of the bowl ranges from , being higher in the west. Near the center of the bowl, magmatic uplift has formed a resurgent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hupa Language
Hupa ( native name: , ) is an Athabaskan language (of Na-Dené stock) spoken along the lower course of the Trinity River in Northwestern California by the Hoopa Valley Hupa () and Tsnungwe/South Fork Hupa () and, before European contact, by the Chilula and Whilkut peoples, to the west. Speakers The 2000 US Census estimated the language to be spoken by 64 persons between the ages of 5 and 17, including 4 monolingual speakers. As of 2012, there were fewer than 10 individuals whose Hupa could be called fluent, at least one of whom ( Verdena Parker) was a fully fluent bilingual. Perhaps another 50 individuals of all ages have restricted control of traditional Hupa phonology, grammar and lexicon. Beyond this, many tribal members share a small vocabulary of words and phrases of Hupa origin. Phonology The consonants of Hupa in the standard orthography are listed below (with IPA notation in slashes): Vowels may be lengthened. Golla 1996 presents a different vowel system: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mattole Language
The Mattole, including the Bear River Indians, are a group of Native Americans in the United States, Native Americans in California. Their traditional lands are along the Mattole River, Mattole and Bear River (Humboldt County), Bear Rivers near Cape Mendocino in Humboldt County, California. A notable difference between the Mattole and other indigenous peoples of California is that the men traditionally had facial tattoos (on the forehead), while other local groups traditionally restricted facial tattooing to women. Name The Bear River Indians called themselves and the Mattole Ni'ekeni'. The Wailaki name was ''Tul'bush'' ("foreigners"); the Cahto name was ''Diideeʾ-kiiyaahaangn'' ("The North Tribe"). Language The Mattole spoke the Mattole language, an Athabaskan languages, Athabaskan language that may have been closely related to that of their Eel River Athabaskans, Eel River neighbors to the east. According to linguist Victor Golla, the last surviving person who could speak the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eel River Athapaskan Peoples
The Eel River Athapaskans include the Wailaki, Lassik, Nongatl, and Sinkyone (Sinkine) groups of Native Americans that traditionally live in present-day Mendocino, Trinity, and Humboldt counties on or near the Eel River and Van Duzen River of northwestern California. These groups speak dialects of the Wailaki language belonging to the Pacific Coast Athapaskan group of the Athapaskan language family which is prominently represented in Alaska, western Canada, and the southwestern U.S. Other related Athapaskan groups neighboring the Eel River Athapaskans included the Hupa- Whilkut- Chilula to the north, the Mattole on the coast to the west, and the Kato to the south. The Whilkut, Nongatl and Lassik were essentially annihilated during the Bald Hills War in the 1860s. Some Wailaki people are registered members of Round Valley Indian Tribes. Dialect Groups While the below groupings - Nongatl, Lassik, Wailaki, and Sinkyone - are often mentioned as political or tribal g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Athabascan Language
Athabaskan ( ; also spelled ''Athabascan'', ''Athapaskan'' or ''Athapascan'', and also known as Dene) is a large branch of the Na-Dene language family of North America, located in western North America in three areal language groups: Northern, Pacific Coast and Southern (or Apachean). Kari and Potter (2010:10) place the total territory of the 53 Athabaskan languages at . Chipewyan is spoken over the largest area of any North American native language, while Navajo is spoken by the largest number of people of any native language north of Mexico. The word ''Athabaskan'' is an anglicized version of a Cree language name for Lake Athabasca ( ' herethere are reeds one after another') in Canada. Cree is one of the Algonquian languages and therefore not itself an Athabaskan language. The name was assigned by Albert Gallatin in his 1836 (written 1826) classification of the languages of North America. He acknowledged that it was his choice to use this name for the language family and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
