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CSDIC(I)
The Combined Services Detailed Interrogation Centre (India), or CSDIC (I) for short, was the Indian branch of the CSDIC, established during World War II. Established along with the parent section at the start of hostilities in Europe, the branch developed as an important tool for interrogation of enemy troops and informant from November 1942, when the first information emerged of the nascent Indian National Army. The organisation formed a part of the ''Jiffs'' campaign, and was initially tasked with identifying Indian troops at risk of defecting to the INA. By the end of the war its task had evolved into interrogating INA soldiers captured in Burma, Malaya and Europe, interrogating them regardless of rank and identifying soldiers as ''white'' ''grey'' or ''black'' on the basis of their commitment to Subhas Chandra Bose and ''Azad Hind''. The classifications were to be important in rehabilitating INA soldiers into the British-Indian Army. Col. Hugh Toye, who worked with the unit, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CSDIC
The term Combined Services Detailed Interrogation Centre (CSDIC) was used for facilities in the UK, the continent (Belgium and Germany) between 1942 and 1947, the Middle East, and South Asia. They were run by the British War Office on a joint basis involving the British Army and various intelligence agencies, notably MI5 and MI9. The CSDICs on the European mainland were: * a CSDIC at Diest in Belgium * the Bad Nenndorf interrogation centre at Bad Nenndorf in Germany *CSDIC(I)-Z Section, at 49 St George's Drive, Pimlico, London *CSDIC(I)-X Section in Italy They were originally established to interrogate detainees, defectors, and prisoners of war who were known or suspected to be working for Nazi Germany and Japan. After the war, suspected Soviet agents were also held for interrogation. The last CSDIC facility, the Bad Nenndorf interrogation centre, was closed down in June 1947. CSDIC(I) X and Z Sections were closed on 30 November 1945. See also * London Cage * Camp 020 Camp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian National Army
The Indian National Army (INA; ''Azad Hind Fauj'' ; 'Free Indian Army') was a Collaboration with the Axis powers, collaborationist armed force formed by Indian collaborators and Imperial Japan on 1 September 1942 in Southeast Asia during World War II. Its aim was to secure Indian Independence movement, Indian independence from British Raj, British rule. It fought alongside Japanese soldiers in the latter's campaign in the South-East Asian theatre of World War II, Southeast Asian theatre of WWII. The army was First Indian National Army, first formed in 1942 under Rash Behari Bose by Indian PoWs of the British Indian Army captured by Japan in the Malayan campaign and Battle of Singapore, at Singapore. This first INA, which had been handed over to Rash Behari Bose, collapsed and was disbanded in December that year after differences between the INA leadership and the Japanese military over its role in Japan's war in Asia. Rash Behari Bose handed over INA to Subhas Chandra Bose. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiffs
Jiffs was a slang term used by British Intelligence, and later the 14th Army, to denote soldiers of the Indian National Army after the failed First Arakan offensive of 1943. The term is derived from the acronym ''JIFC'', short for Japanese-Indian (or -inspired) fifth column. It came to be employed in a propaganda offensive in June 1943 within the British Indian Army as a part of the efforts to preserve the loyalty of the Indian troops at Manipur after suffering desertion and losses at Burma during the First Arakan Offensive. After the end of the war, the term "HIFFs" (from Hitler-inspired-fifth-columnists) was also used for repatriated troops of the Indian Legion awaiting trial. Background The prestige of the ''Raj'' had suffered a blow with the fall of British Malaya and, later, the massive surrender at Singapore. In February 1942, the Indian prisoners of war from the British Indian Army captured there came under the influence of Indian nationalists, notably Mohan Singh Deb, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugh Toye
Colonel Claude Hugh Morley Toye MBE (29 March 1917 – 15 April 2012) was a British Army intelligence officer, academic and expert on South Asia who worked in India and Burma during World War II. He enlisted in the ranks of the Royal Army Medical Corps and, as a Lance Corporal, was mentioned in despatches in the London Gazette 20 December 1940 under the heading "The names of the undermentioned have been brought to notice in recognition of distinguished services in connection with operations in the field. March–June, 1940." He received a wartime emergency commission into the British Army as a second Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery after successfully passing the course at an Officer Cadet Training Unit on 10 May 1941. Working in the Combined Services Detailed Interrogation Centre (India), Toye was tasked with interrogation of captured troops of the Japanese army and the Indian National Army. In private, he also admitted to being tasked with burning British Raj-era document ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Springing Tiger; A Study Of A Revolutionary
''The Springing Tiger'' is a historical account of the Indian National Army published in 1959 by Col Hugh Toye. The book was published in London by Cassell Publishers, and is considered one of the first Sympathetic Western accounts of the army. Toye worked as an intelligence officer in World War II in Burma, and was tasked with interrogating captured soldiers of the INA by the CSDIC(I). The book is provided with a foreword by Phillip Mason, who in 1946 was the Secretary of the War department in India. The book describes in detail the formation of the INA under the auspices of the F Kikan of Japanese intelligence through the collapse and subsequent revival of the army under Subhas Chandra Bose, its role in the Battles of Imphal and Kohima and the subsequent collapse in the face of Allied Burmese offensive before ending with the alleged death of Subhas Chandra Bose Subhas Chandra Bose ( ; 23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945 * * * * * * * * *) was an Indian nationali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colonel Hugh Toye
Colonel Claude Hugh Morley Toye MBE (29 March 1917 – 15 April 2012) was a British Army intelligence officer, academic and expert on South Asia who worked in India and Burma during World War II. He enlisted in the ranks of the Royal Army Medical Corps and, as a Lance Corporal, was mentioned in despatches in the London Gazette 20 December 1940 under the heading "The names of the undermentioned have been brought to notice in recognition of distinguished services in connection with operations in the field. March–June, 1940." He received a wartime emergency commission into the British Army as a second Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery after successfully passing the course at an Officer Cadet Training Unit on 10 May 1941. Working in the Combined Services Detailed Interrogation Centre (India), Toye was tasked with interrogation of captured troops of the Japanese army and the Indian National Army. In private, he also admitted to being tasked with burning British Raj-era documents ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subhas Chandra Bose
Subhas Chandra Bose ( ; 23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945 * * * * * * * * *) was an Indian nationalist whose defiance of British authority in India made him a hero among Indians, but his wartime alliances with Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan left a legacy vexed by authoritarianism,* * anti-Semitism,* * * * * * and military failure.* * * * The honorific Netaji (Hindi: "Respected Leader") was first applied to Bose in Germany in early 1942—by the Indian soldiers of the '' Indische Legion'' and by the German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin. It is now used throughout India. Subhas Bose was born into wealth and privilege in a large Bengali family in Orissa during the British Raj. The early recipient of an Anglocentric education, he was sent after college to England to take the Indian Civil Service examination. He succeeded with distinction in the vital first exam but demurred at taking the routine final exam, citing nationalism to be a hig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azad Hind
The Provisional Government of Free India (''Ārzī Hukūmat-e-Āzād Hind'') or, more simply, ''Azad Hind'', was an Indian provisional government established in Japanese occupied Singapore during World War II. It was created in October 1943 and supported byas well as largely dependent onthe Empire of Japan. It was a part of the political movement originating in the 1940s outside India with the purpose of allying with the Axis powers to liberate India from British rule. It was established by Indian nationalists in exile during the latter part of the Second World War in Singapore with monetary, military and political assistance from Imperial Japan. Founded on 1 September 1942, the government was inspired by the concepts of Subhas Chandra Bose who was also the leader of the government and Head of State. The government proclaimed authority over Indian civilian and military personnel in Southeast Asian British colonial territory and prospective authority over Indian terr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahadur Group
The Bahadur Group, or the Special Services Group as it was initially formed, was a Special Forces unit within the Indian National Army that was tasked with frontline intelligence as well as subversion and sabotage operations behind enemy lines. This was the INA's second special forces unit besides the Intelligence group led by Colonel Shaukat Hayat Malikof Bhawalpur Regiment who is credited with raising the flag of Azad Hind in Moirang Moirang is a town in the Indian state of Manipur. It is situated approximately 45 km south of the state capital Imphal. It has an area of 269 km2 with a population of 62,187 in 67 villages. It is best known for the being the place of o ... in 14 April 1944, an event accepted as one of the first instances of the liberation of Indian soil by an independent Indian government. They were two parts to the organization: the Special Service Group and the Secret Service Group. Both of these groups were trained in commando tactics, sabotage,inte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom Intelligence Community
The Government of the United Kingdom maintains intelligence agencies within three government departments, the Foreign Office, the Home Office and the Ministry of Defence. These agencies are responsible for collecting and analysing foreign and domestic intelligence, providing military intelligence, and performing espionage and counter-espionage. Their intelligence assessments contribute to the conduct of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom, maintaining the national security of the United Kingdom, military planning and law enforcement in the United Kingdom. The four main agencies are the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS or MI6), the Security Service (MI5), the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) and Defence Intelligence (DI). The history of the organisations dates back to the 19th century. The decryption of the Zimmermann Telegram in 1917 was described as the most significant intelligence triumph for Britain during World War I, and one of the earliest occasio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
