CKGM-FM
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CKGM-FM
CHOM-FM (97.7 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Owned and operated by Bell Media, it broadcasts a mainstream rock radio format. The studios are in the Bell Media Building at 1717 René Lévesque Boulevard East in Downtown Montreal. Rather than spelling out the call letters, personalities on the station usually pronounce them as , although other Bell Media Radio personalities have also pronounced the call sign as . CHOM-FM is a Class C1 station. It has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 41,200 watts using a non-directional antenna atop Mount Royal. History Early years (1963–1974) The station was founded by Geoff Stirling as CKGM-FM. It was a sister station to CKGM, then broadcasting at 980 kHz. CKGM-FM signed on the air on July 16, 1963}. After a few weeks as a simulcast of CKGM, CKGM-FM launched an automated beautiful music format on September 1, 1963. CKGM-FM played quarter-hour sweeps of mostly soft instrumental music with low ...
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CKGM
CKGM (''TSN Radio, TSN 690 Montreal'') is an English language, English-language AM broadcasting, AM radio station in Montreal, Quebec, owned by Bell Media Radio. Formerly an network affiliate, affiliate of sports radio network "The Team (radio network), The Team," it was one of three stations to retain the sports radio format, format after the network folded in 2002 until it switched to the TSN Radio branding in October 2011. CKGM has been an all-sports station since May 2001. Its studios and offices are located on René Lévesque Boulevard East in Downtown Montreal. On September 4, 2012, CKGM officially began broadcasting on 690 Hertz, kHz, as a omni-directional antenna, non-directional clear-channel list of broadcast station classes, Class A station. It runs the maximum power permitted for Canadian AM stations, 50,000 watts. By day, CKGM can be heard from Ottawa to Sherbrooke and across the border into New York State and Vermont. At night, its signal covers much of Eastern Nort ...
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CJFM-FM
CJFM-FM (95.9  FM) is a commercial English-language radio station located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Owned and operated by Bell Media, the station broadcasts a contemporary hit radio format branded as ''95.9 Virgin Radio''. CJFM-FM broadcasts with an effective radiated power of 41,200 watts (Class C1) using an omnidirectional antenna located atop Mount Royal, at in height above average terrain. Its studios are located at the Bell Media building at 1717 René-Lévesque Boulevard East in Downtown Montreal. History The station first signed on the air on October 1, 1962. Owner CJAD, Ltd. initially intended to use the call sign CJAD-FM, to pair it with its sister AM station, but would settle on using its current callsign. CJFM was one of four FM stations which came on the air in the 1960s using common transmitting facilities on the new Mount Royal tower, the other stations being CFCF-FM, CJMS-FM and CKGM-FM. ''CJFM 96'' had several formats through the 1960s, 1970s and 19 ...
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Hertz
The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), often described as being equivalent to one event (or Cycle per second, cycle) per second. The hertz is an SI derived unit whose formal expression in terms of SI base units is 1/s or s−1, meaning that one hertz is one per second or the Inverse second, reciprocal of one second. It is used only in the case of periodic events. It is named after Heinrich Hertz, Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (1857–1894), the first person to provide conclusive proof of the existence of electromagnetic waves. For high frequencies, the unit is commonly expressed in metric prefix, multiples: kilohertz (kHz), megahertz (MHz), gigahertz (GHz), terahertz (THz). Some of the unit's most common uses are in the description of periodic waveforms and musical tones, particularly those used in radio- and audio-related applications. It is also used to describe the clock speeds at which computers and other electronics are driven. T ...
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Quebec
Quebec is Canada's List of Canadian provinces and territories by area, largest province by area. Located in Central Canada, the province shares borders with the provinces of Ontario to the west, Newfoundland and Labrador to the northeast, New Brunswick to the southeast and a coastal border with the territory of Nunavut. In the south, it shares a border with the United States. Between 1534 and 1763, what is now Quebec was the List of French possessions and colonies, French colony of ''Canada (New France), Canada'' and was the most developed colony in New France. Following the Seven Years' War, ''Canada'' became a Territorial evolution of the British Empire#List of territories that were once a part of the British Empire, British colony, first as the Province of Quebec (1763–1791), Province of Quebec (1763–1791), then Lower Canada (1791–1841), and lastly part of the Province of Canada (1841–1867) as a result of the Lower Canada Rebellion. It was Canadian Confederation, ...
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Sign On
A sign-on (or start-up in Commonwealth countries except Canada) is the beginning of operations for a radio or television station, generally at the start of each day. It is the opposite of a sign-off (or closedown in Commonwealth countries except Canada), which is the sequence of operations involved when a radio or television station shuts down its transmitters and goes off the air for a predetermined period; generally, this occurs during the overnight hours although a broadcaster's digital specialty or sub-channels may sign-on and sign-off at significantly different times than its main channels. Like other television programming, sign-on and sign-off sequences can be initiated by a broadcast automation system, and automatic transmission systems can turn the carrier signal and transmitter on/off by remote control. Sign-on and sign-off sequences have become less common due to the increasing prevalence of 24/7 broadcasting. However, some national broadcasters continue the pra ...
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Sister Station
In broadcasting, sister stations or sister channels are radio or television stations operated by the same company, either by direct ownership or through a management agreement. Radio sister stations will often have different formats, and sometimes one station is on the AM band while another is on the FM band. Conversely, several types of sister-station relationships exist in television; stations in the same city will usually be affiliated with different television networks (often one with a major network and the other with a secondary network), and may occasionally shift television programs between each other when local events require one station to interrupt its network feed. Sister stations in separate (but often nearby) cities owned by the same company may or may not share a network affiliation. For example, WNYW and WWOR-TV, in New York City and Secaucus, New Jersey, are both owned by Fox Corporation. WNYW is a Fox owned-and-operated station; WWOR-TV is a MyNetworkTV ow ...
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Geoff Stirling
Geoffrey William Stirling (March 22, 1921 – December 21, 2013) was a Canadian-American businessman and media magnate, best known for his work in his home city of St. John's, Newfoundland. Life Stirling was born in St. John's to Edgar Stiling and Ethel (Uphill) Stirling. He attended the University of Tampa, began his media career as a stringer for ''Time'' and the ''Chicago Tribune'',Smallwood, Lennon, the gods and ME
by Susan Bourette, November 26, 2004
and retained close ties to the United States throughout his lifetime, including a second winter home in

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Mount Royal
Mount Royal (, ) is a mountain in the city of Montreal, immediately west of Downtown Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The city's name is derived from the mountain's name. The mountain is part of the Monteregian Hills situated between the Laurentian Mountains, Laurentians and the Appalachian Mountains. It gave its Latin name, ''Mons Regius'', to the Monteregian chain. The mountain consists of three peaks: Colline de la Croix (or Mont Royal proper) at , Colline d'Outremont (or Mount Murray, in the borough of Outremont, Quebec, Outremont) at , and Westmount Summit at elevation above mean sea level. Geology Mount Royal is the deep extension of a vastly eroded ancient Complex volcano, volcanic complex, which was probably active about 125 million years ago. The mountain, along with the other mountains of the Monteregian Hills, was formed when the North American Plate moved westward over the New England hotspot. By a process known as intrusion, magma intruded into the sedimentary rocks u ...
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Omnidirectional Antenna
In radio communication, an omnidirectional antenna is a class of antenna (electronics), antenna which radiates equal radio power in all directions perpendicular to an Cartesian coordinate system, axis (azimuthal directions), with power varying with angle to the axis (elevation angle), declining to zero on the axis. When graphed in three dimensions ''(see graph)'' this radiation pattern is often described as ''doughnut-shaped''. This is different from an isotropic radiator, isotropic antenna, which radiates equal power in ''all'' directions, having a ''spherical'' radiation pattern. Omnidirectional antennas oriented vertically are widely used for nondirectional antennas on the surface of the Earth because they radiate equally in all horizontal directions, while the power radiated drops off with elevation angle so little radio energy is aimed into the sky or down toward the earth and wasted. Omnidirectional antennas are widely used for radio broadcasting antennas, and in mobile ...
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Effective Radiated Power
Effective radiated power (ERP), synonymous with equivalent radiated power, is an IEEE standardized definition of directional radio frequency (RF) power, such as that emitted by a radio transmitter. It is the total power in watts that would have to be radiated by a half-wave dipole antenna to give the same radiation intensity (signal strength or power flux density in watts per square meter) as the actual source antenna at a distant receiver located in the direction of the antenna's strongest beam (main lobe). ERP measures the combination of the power emitted by the transmitter and the ability of the antenna to direct that power in a given direction. It is equal to the input power to the antenna multiplied by the gain of the antenna. It is used in electronics and telecommunications, particularly in broadcasting to quantify the apparent power of a broadcasting station experienced by listeners in its reception area. An alternate parameter that measures the same thing is eff ...
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List Of Broadcast Station Classes
This is a list of broadcast station classes applicable in much of North America under international agreements between the United States, Canada and Mexico. Effective radiated power (ERP) and height above average terrain (HAAT) are listed unless otherwise noted. All radio and television stations within of the US-Canada or US-Mexico border must get approval by both the domestic and foreign agency. These agencies are Industry Canada/ Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) in Canada, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the US, and the Federal Telecommunications Institute (IFT) in Mexico. AM Station class descriptions All domestic (United States) AM stations are classified as A, B, C, or D. * A (formerly I) — clear-channel stations — 10 kW to 50 kW, 24 hours. **Class A stations are only protected within a radius of the transmitter site. **The old Class I was divided into three: Class I-A, I-B and I-N. NARBA distingu ...
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Call Sign
In broadcasting and radio communications, a call sign (also known as a call name or call letters—and historically as a call signal—or abbreviated as a call) is a unique identifier for a transmitter station. A call sign can be formally assigned by a government agency, informally adopted by individuals or organizations, or even cryptographically encoded to disguise a station's identity. The use of call signs as unique identifiers dates to the landline railroad telegraph system. Because there was only one telegraph line linking all railroad stations, there needed to be a way to address each one when sending a telegram. In order to save time, two-letter identifiers were adopted for this purpose. This pattern continued in radiotelegraph operation; radio companies initially assigned two-letter identifiers to coastal stations and stations on board ships at sea. These were not globally unique, so a one-letter company identifier (for instance, 'M' and two letters as a Mar ...
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