|
CHMOS
CHMOS refers to one of a series of Intel CMOS processes developed from their Depletion-load NMOS logic#The HMOS processes, HMOS process. CHMOS stands for "complementary high-performance metal-oxide-silicon. It was first developed in 1981. CHMOS was used in the Intel 80C51BH, a new version of their standard MCS-51 microcontroller. The chip was also used in later versions of Intel 8086, and the 80C88, which were fully static version of the Intel 8088. The Intel 80386 was made in 1.5 μm process, 1.5 μm CHMOS III, and later in 1.0 μm CHMOS IV. CHMOS III used 1.5 micron Photolithography, lithography, p-well processing, n-well processing, and two layers of metal. CHMOS III-E was used for the 12.5 MHz Intel 80C186 microprocessor. This technology uses 1 μm process for the EPROM. CHMOS IV (H stands for High Speed) used 1.0 μm lithography. Many versions of the Intel 80486 were made in 1.0 μm CHMOS IV. Intel uses this technology on these 80C186EB and 80C188E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intel 80386
The Intel 386, originally released as the 80386 and later renamed i386, is the third-generation x86 architecture microprocessor from Intel. It was the first 32-bit computing, 32-bit processor in the line, making it a significant evolution in the x86 architecture. Pre-production samples of the 386 were released to select developers in 1985, while mass production commenced in 1986. The 386 was the central processing unit, central processing unit (CPU) of many workstations and high-end personal computers of the time. The 386 began to fall out of public use starting with the release of the i486 processor in 1989, while in embedded systems the 386 remained in widespread use until Intel finally discontinued it in 2007. Compared to its predecessor the Intel 80286 ("286"), the 80386 added a three-stage instruction pipelining, instruction pipeline which it brings up to total of 6-stage instruction pipeline, extended the architecture from 16-bits to 32-bits, and added an on-chip memory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1 μm Process
The 1 μm process (1 micrometer process) is a level of MOSFET semiconductor process technology that was commercialized around the 1984–1986 timeframe, by companies like NTT, NEC, Intel and IBM. It was the first process where CMOS was common (as opposed to NMOS). The 1 μm process refers to the minimum size that could be reliably produced. The smallest transistors and other circuit elements on a chip made with this process were around 1 micrometers wide. The earliest MOSFET with a 1μm NMOS channel length was fabricated by a research team led by Robert H. Dennard, Hwa-Nien Yu and F.H. Gaensslen at the IBM T.J. Watson Research Center in 1974. Products featuring 1.0 μm manufacturing process * NTT introduced the 1μm process for its DRAM memory chips, including its 64kin 1979 and 256kin 1980. * NEC's 1 Mbit DRAM memory chip was manufactured with the 1μm process in 1984. * Intel 80386 The Intel 386, originally released as the 80386 and later renamed i386, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Depletion-load NMOS Logic
In integrated circuits, depletion-load NMOS is a form of digital logic family that uses only a single power supply voltage, unlike earlier NMOS logic, NMOS (n-type metal-oxide semiconductor) logic families that needed multiple power supply voltages. Although manufacturing these integrated circuits required additional processing steps, improved switching speed and the elimination of the extra power supply made this logic family the preferred choice for many microprocessors and other logic elements. Depletion and enhancement modes, Depletion-mode n-type MOSFETs as load transistors allow single voltage operation and achieve greater speed than possible with enhancement-load devices alone. This is partly because the depletion-mode MOSFETs can be a better current source approximation than the simpler enhancement-mode transistor can, especially when no extra voltage is available (one of the reasons early PMOS and NMOS chips demanded several voltages). The inclusion of depletion-mode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intel 8086
The 8086 (also called iAPX 86) is a 16-bit computing, 16-bit microprocessor chip designed by Intel between early 1976 and June 8, 1978, when it was released. The Intel 8088, released July 1, 1979, is a slightly modified chip with an external 8-bit Bus (computing), data bus (allowing the use of cheaper and fewer supporting Integrated circuit, ICs),Fewer TTL buffers, latches, multiplexers (although the amount of TTL logic was not drastically reduced). It also permits the use of cheap 8080-family ICs, where the 8254 CTC, Intel 8255, 8255 PIO, and 8259 PIC were used in the IBM PC design. In addition, it makes PCB layout simpler and boards cheaper, as well as demanding fewer (1- or 4-bit wide) DRAM chips. and is notable as the processor used in the original IBM Personal Computer, IBM PC design. The 8086 gave rise to the x86 architecture, which eventually became Intel's most successful line of processors. On June 5, 2018, Intel released a limited-edition CPU celebrating the 40th anniv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intel 80486
The Intel 486, officially named i486 and also known as 80486, is a microprocessor introduced in 1989. It is a higher-performance follow-up to the i386, Intel 386. It represents the fourth generation of binary compatible CPUs following the Intel 8086, 8086 of 1978, the Intel 80286 of 1982, and 1985's i386. It was the first tightly-instruction pipeline, pipelined x86 design as well as the first x86 chip to include more than one million transistors. It offered a large on-chip Cache (computing), cache and an integrated floating-point unit. When it was announced, the initial performance was originally published between 15 and 20 VAX Unit of Performance, VAX MIPS, between 37,000 and 49,000 Dhrystone, dhrystones per second, and between 6.1 and 8.2 double-precision Whetstone (benchmark), megawhetstones per second for both 25 and 33 MHz version. A typical 50 MHz i486 executes 41 million instructions per second Dhrystone MIPS and SPECint, SPEC integer rating of 27.9.Chen, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
800 Nm Process
The 800 nm process (800 nanometer process) is a level of semiconductor process technology that was reached in the 1987–1990 timeframe, by companies, such as Intel, ATI Technologies, and IBM. The 800 nm process refers to the minimum size that could be reliably produced. The smallest transistors and other circuit elements on a chip made with this process were around 800 nanometers wide. Products featuring 800 nm manufacturing process * 50-MHz i486DX CPU launched in 1991 was manufactured using this process. * Both 25/50 and 33/66 MHz Intel486 DX2 CPU using this process. * Early version of Intel486 SX2 using this process. * Intel uses this ETOX-III (EPROM Tunnel Oxide) process technology for these Flash Memory modules. * The 3.3-volt 25 MHz version of Intel486 SL uses this three-layer CHMOS V process.Chen, Allan, "On the Air and on the Road", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1993. page 2 * microSPARC I launched in 1992 * First Intel P5 Pentium ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intel I860
The Intel i860 (also known as 80860) is a RISC microprocessor design introduced by Intel in 1989. It is one of Intel's first attempts at an entirely new, high-end instruction set architecture since the failed Intel iAPX 432 from the beginning of the 1980s. It was the world's first million-transistor chip. It was released with considerable fanfare, slightly obscuring the earlier Intel i960, which was successful in some niches of embedded systems. The i860 never achieved commercial success and the project was terminated in the mid-1990s. Implementations The first implementation of the i860 architecture is the i860 XR microprocessor (code-named N10), which ran at 25, 33, or 40 MHz. The second-generation i860 XP microprocessor (code named N11) added 4 Mbyte pages, larger on-chip caches, second level cache support, faster buses, and hardware support for bus snooping to provide cache coherence in multiprocessor systems. A process shrink for the XP from 1 μm to 0.8 μm usin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
80C88
The Intel 8088 ("''eighty-eighty-eight''", also called iAPX 88) microprocessor is a variant of the Intel 8086. Introduced on June 1, 1979, the 8088 has an eight-bit external data bus instead of the 16-bit bus of the 8086. The 16-bit registers and the one megabyte address range are unchanged, however. In fact, according to the Intel documentation, the 8086 and 8088 have the same execution unit (EU)—only the bus interface unit (BIU) is different. The 8088 was used in the original IBM PC and in IBM PC compatible clones. History and description The 8088 was designed at Intel's laboratory in Haifa, Israel, as were a large number of Intel's processors. The 8088 was targeted at economical systems by allowing the use of an eight-bit data path and eight-bit support and peripheral chips; complex circuit boards were still fairly cumbersome and expensive when it was released. The prefetch queue of the 8088 was shortened to four bytes, from the 8086's six bytes, and the prefetch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intel 8088
The Intel 8088 ("''eighty-eighty-eight''", also called iAPX 88) microprocessor is a variant of the Intel 8086. Introduced on June 1, 1979, the 8088 has an eight-bit external data bus instead of the 16-bit bus of the 8086. The 16-bit registers and the one megabyte address range are unchanged, however. In fact, according to the Intel documentation, the 8086 and 8088 have the same execution unit (EU)—only the bus interface unit (BIU) is different. The 8088 was used in the original IBM PC and in IBM PC compatible clones. History and description The 8088 was designed at Intel's laboratory in Haifa, Israel, as were a large number of Intel's processors. The 8088 was targeted at economical systems by allowing the use of an eight-bit data path and eight-bit support and peripheral chips; complex circuit boards were still fairly cumbersome and expensive when it was released. The prefetch queue of the 8088 was shortened to four bytes, from the 8086's six bytes, and the prefe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intel D87C51-3183
Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, and Delaware General Corporation Law, incorporated in Delaware. Intel designs, manufactures, and sells computer components such as central processing units (CPUs) and related products for business and consumer markets. It is one of the world's List of largest semiconductor chip manufacturers, largest semiconductor chip manufacturers by revenue, and ranked in the Fortune 500, ''Fortune'' 500 list of the List of largest companies in the United States by revenue, largest United States corporations by revenue for nearly a decade, from 2007 to 2016 Fiscal year, fiscal years, until it was removed from the ranking in 2018. In 2020, it was reinstated and ranked 45th, being the List of Fortune 500 computer software and information companies, 7th-largest technology company in the ranking. It was one of the first companies listed on Nasdaq. Intel supplies List of I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Integrated Circuits
An integrated circuit (IC), also known as a microchip or simply chip, is a set of electronic circuits, consisting of various electronic components (such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors) and their interconnections. These components are etched onto a small, flat piece ("chip") of semiconductor material, usually silicon. Integrated circuits are used in a wide range of electronic devices, including computers, smartphones, and televisions, to perform various functions such as processing and storing information. They have greatly impacted the field of electronics by enabling device miniaturization and enhanced functionality. Integrated circuits are orders of magnitude smaller, faster, and less expensive than those constructed of discrete components, allowing a large transistor count. The IC's mass production capability, reliability, and building-block approach to integrated circuit design have ensured the rapid adoption of standardized ICs in place of designs using discre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digital Electronics
Digital electronics is a field of electronics involving the study of digital signals and the engineering of devices that use or produce them. It deals with the relationship between Binary number, binary inputs and outputs by passing electrical signals through Logic gate, logical gates, Resistor, resistors, Capacitor, capacitors, Amplifier, amplifiers, and other Electronic component, electrical components. The field of digital electronics is in contrast to analog electronics which work primarily with analog signals (signals with varying degrees of intensity as opposed to on/off two state binary signals). Despite the name, digital electronics designs include important analog design considerations. Large assemblies of logic gates, used to represent more complex ideas, are often packaged into integrated circuits. Complex devices may have simple electronic representations of Boolean logic#Digital electronic circuit design, Boolean logic functions. History The binary number system was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
