|
Bongo–Bagirmi Languages
The Bongo–Bagirmi or Sara–Bongo–Bagirmi (SBB) languages are the major branch of the Central Sudanic language family with about forty languages. Principal groups include Bagirmi languages such as Naba and the Sara languages. They are spoken across CAR, Chad, South Sudan, Sudan and adjacent countries. Languages The Bongo–Bagirmi languages are for the most part poorly studied, and there is little agreement as to their internal classification. The table below is taken from Lionel Bender, as summarized in Blench (2000). * Bongo–Baka * Kara (= '' Tar Gula'' ?) *'' Sinyar (Shemya)'' ? * Bagirmi * Sara *'' Doba (Bedjond, Gor, Mango)'' * Kaba *Vale *'' Birri'' (likely to be closer to Kresh) *'' Fongoro (Formona)'' ? *'' Yulu (Yulu–Binga)'' Sinyar and Fongoro may not be Bongo–Bagirmi or even Central Sudanic languages. Classification Boyeldieu (2006)Boyeldieu, Pascal. 2006. Présentation des langues Sara-Bongo-Baguirmiennes''. Paris: CNRS-LLACAN (online version). clas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central African Republic
The Central African Republic (CAR) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to Central African Republic–Chad border, the north, Sudan to Central African Republic–Sudan border, the northeast, South Sudan to Central African Republic–South Sudan border, the east, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to Central African Republic–Democratic Republic of the Congo border, the south, the Republic of the Congo to Central African Republic–Republic of the Congo border, the southwest, and Cameroon to Cameroon–Central African Republic border, the west. Bangui is the country's capital and largest city, bordering the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Central African Republic covers a land area of about . As of 2024, it has a population of 5,357,744, consisting of about 80 ethnic groups, and is in the scene of a Central African Republic Civil War, civil war, which has been ongoing since 2012. Having been a Ubangi-Shari, French colony under the name Ubangi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lionel Bender (linguist)
Marvin Lionel Bender (August 18, 1934 – February 19, 2008) was an American linguist. Life Bender was born August 18, 1934, in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania. He travelled throughout the world, particularly in Northeast Africa, and was an accomplished chess player. Dr. Bender died of complications from a stroke and brain hemorrhage on February 19, 2008, in Cape Girardeau, Missouri, Cape Girardeau, Missouri. Career Bender wrote and co-wrote several books, publications and essays on the languages of Africa, particularly those spoken in Ethiopia and Sudan, and was a major contributor to Ethiopian Studies. He did extensive work on the Afro-Asiatic languages, Afro-Asiatic and Nilo-Saharan languages, Nilo-Saharan languages spoken locally. Together with J. Donald Bowen, Robert L. Cooper, and Charles A. Ferguson, Bender carried out the Survey of Language Use and Language Teaching in East Africa, funded by the Ford Foundation in 1968-1970. He later conducted other research sponsored by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kenga Language
Kenga is a Bongo–Bagirmi language of Chad. Speakers make up the majority of the population in Kenga canton in Bitkine sub-prefecture.Oxfam Oxfam is a British-founded confederation of 21 independent non-governmental organizations (NGOs), focusing on the alleviation of global poverty, founded in 1942 and led by Oxfam International. It began as the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief ... and Office National de Développement Rural (ONDR). 2016. Atlas de la vulnérabilité dans le Guera. Première partie: synthèse regional'. 2nd edition (updated from 2013 edition). PASISAT (Projet d’Appui à l’Amélioration du Système d’Information sur la Sécurité Alimentaire au Tchad). References Languages of Chad Bongo–Bagirmi languages {{ns-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beraku Language
Beraku is an extinct Bongo–Bagirmi language of Chad. Speakers have shifted to Chadian Arabic or various Kotoko languages Kotoko may refer to: People with the given name * Kotoko (musician), a Japanese singer * Chigusa Kotoko, a Japanese concubine of Emperor Meiji * Kotoko, a character from ''Chobits'' * Kotoko Aihara, a character from ''Itazura na Kiss'' * Kotoko .... References Bongo–Bagirmi languages {{ns-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngambay Language
Ngambay (also known as Sara, Sara Ngambai, Gamba, Gambaye, Gamblai and Ngambai) is one of the major languages spoken by Sara people in southwestern Chad, northeastern Cameroon and eastern Nigeria, with about a million native speakers. Ngambay is the most widely spoken of the Sara languages, and is used as a trade language between speakers of other dialects. It is spoken by the Sara Gambai people. Ngambay has Subject–Verb–Object word order.The World Atlas of Language Structures Online: Ngambay Accessed November, 2008. Suffixes indicate . There is no [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mbay Language
Mbay, or Sara Mbay, is a Bongo–Bagirmi language of Chad and the Central African Republic. It is reported that Mbay does not have independent personal pronouns. The meaning is largely carried out by subject, object, and possessive affixes attached to verbs, prepositions, and nouns. Other words, such as ''yá̰a̰'' "thing", ''dèē'' "person", ''tàa'' "speech", and ''lòo'' "place" are used somewhat pronominally as ''something'', ''somebody'', ''something said'', and ''somewhere''.Keegan, John M. 1997. ''A Reference Grammar of Mbay''. Munich: Lincom Europa. Cited in Bhat, D.N.S. 2004. Pronouns. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 26 Pluralization Mbay language has plural nouns just like most languages. Mbay languages pluralise nouns by using prefixes, for example, ƃa-na (child) is Ma-na (children) in Mbay language. To pluralize nouns, these changes occur, also the root word stays the same. Its nouns are pluralised also by adding ''gӫ'', for example, dog= bίsө՛ to dogs= ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sar Language
Sar or Sara, also known as Madjingay and Sara Madjingay is a Bongo–Bagirmi language of southern Chad, and the lingua franca of regional capital of Sarh Semi-active radar homing (SARH) is a common type of missile guidance system, perhaps the most common type for longer-range air-to-air and surface-to-air missile systems. The name refers to the fact that the missile itself is only a passive dete .... Phonology The consonants are as follows. Vowels and nasal vowels are as follows: /o, e/ can also be heard as � There are three tones. References External linksThe Sara-Bagirmi Language Project -- Sar Bongo–Bagirmi languages Languages of Chad {{ns-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baka Language (Sudan)
Baka (''Tara Baka'') is a Central Sudanic language of South Sudan, with the majority living in an area centered on Maridi, South Sudan, but also a couple thousand speakers in the DRC. It has consonants with trilled release such as and . A 2013 survey reported that the Baka were the largest ethnic group in Maridi County, South Sudan. They also live in Baka Boma, Tore Payam, Yei County, South Sudan South Sudan (), officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered on the north by Sudan; on the east by Ethiopia; on the south by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Kenya; and on the .... Phonology Consonants Vowels Neutral vowel: ɨ References Languages of South Sudan Bongo–Bagirmi languages {{ns-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jur Beli Language
´Bëlï, or Jur Beli, is a Central Sudanic language spoken by the Beli and Sopi people of South Sudan. The Beli people are mainly found in South Sudan, a region southeast of Rumbek. The language is considered as endangered, and it is mostly spoken by the older generation. However, it has three dialects and variations that are specific to different regions and communities. The language has a complex grammatical structure, with a rich system of prefixes that are used to indicate various grammatical features, such as, mood, and aspect. Despite the lack of written material and limited use, Jur Beli is an important language for the Beli people, as it is an essential part of their cultural identity. The language serves as an important means of communication within the community, and it is used to transmit cultural knowledge and traditions from one generation to the next. Brief description about the Jur Beli people The Jur (Beli & Modo) people, a group of over “100,000” (accor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jur Modo Language
Jur Modo, also known as ''Jur'' or ''Modo'', is a Central Sudanic language spoken by the Jur Modo people of South Sudan. Dialects are Lori, Modo (Jur Modo, Modo Lali), Wira, Wetu. It is a tonal language Tone is the use of pitch in language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning—that is, to distinguish or to inflect words. All oral languages use pitch to express emotional and other para-linguistic information and to convey emphasi .... Phonology Vowels Consonants References *Persson, Andrew M. and Persson, Janet R. 1991. Mödö-English dictionary with grammar. (Bilingual Dictionaries of Sudan, 1.) 1st edn. Nairobi: Sudan: Summer Institute of Linguistics. *Persson, Janet. 2004. Bongo-Bagirmi languages in Sudan. Occasional Papers in the Study of Sudanese Languages 9. 77-84. Languages of Chad Bongo–Bagirmi languages Languages of South Sudan {{ns-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bongo Language
Bongo (Bungu), also known as ''Dor'', is a Central Sudanic language spoken by the Bongo people in sparsely populated areas of Bahr al Ghazal in South Sudan. Phonology Consonants Vowels Bongo has ten vowel qualities, which can be long or short. Bongo also has vowel harmony. The "heavy" vowels, written with diaereses, () contrast with the "light" vowels (). Tone Bongo is tonal language that has the high (á), mid (ā), low (à) and falling (â) tones. All falling tones occur on either long vowels or on vowel clusters or glides. When the tonal fall is not due to a preceding high tone, it can be indicated by a high tone followed by a low tone. Numerals Bongo has a quinary-vigesimal numeral system. Scholarship The first ethnologists to work with the Bongo language were John Petherick, who published Bongo word lists in his 1861 work, ''Egypt, the Soudan, and Central Africa''; Theodor von Heuglin, who also published Bongo word lists in ''Reise in das Gebiet des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fongoro Language
Fongoro, or Gele, is a nearly extinct Central Sudanic language of uncertain classification spoken in Chad and formerly in Sudan Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Libya to the northwest, Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Eritrea and Ethiopi .... References *Roger Blench (2012Nilo-Saharan language listing Bongo–Bagirmi languages {{ns-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
