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Beata Oxenstierna
Beata Oxenstierna (1591 in Reval Castle – 16 March 1652), was a Swedish aristocrat and courtier. She served as ''överhovmästarinna'' to Christina, Queen of Sweden, from 1639 to 1647. Life Beata Oxenstierna was born to Baron Erik Gabrielsson Oxenstierna (1540s–1594) and Bengta Gera. Her father had been a courtier to Princess Cecilia Vasa of Sweden, and governor in Swedish Livonia, and she was born in Reval in Livonia during his tenure as governor there. She served as maid of honor to the queen of Sweden, Christina of Holstein-Gottorp, in 1610–1613. In 1613, she married Erik Göransson Ulfsparre af Broxvik (1577–1631), but as was the custom at the Swedish nobility up until the late 18th century, she kept her name even after her marriage. Her spouse served as governor in Stegeborg 1615–18, Norrköping 1618–21, Kronoberg 1621–26, and Östergötland 1627–1631; Beata Oxenstierna was widowed in 1631. Court life On 2 February 1639, she was appointed ''överhovmästar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reval
Tallinn () is the most populous and capital city of Estonia. Situated on a bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, Tallinn has a population of 437,811 (as of 2022) and administratively lies in the Harju ''maakond'' (county). Tallinn is the main financial, industrial, and cultural centre of Estonia. It is located northwest of the country's second largest city Tartu, however only south of Helsinki, Finland, also west of Saint Petersburg, Russia, north of Riga, Latvia, and east of Stockholm, Sweden. From the 13th century until the first half of the 20th century, Tallinn was known in most of the world by variants of its other historical name Reval. Tallinn received Lübeck city rights in 1248,, however the earliest evidence of human population in the area dates back nearly 5,000 years. The medieval indigenous population of what is now Tallinn and northern Estonia was one of the last "pagan" civilisations in Europe to adopt Christianity fol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ebba Ryning
Ebba Ryning (1595–1642) was a Swedish court official. She was the ''överhovmästarinna'' to Christina, Queen of Sweden, from 1639 until 1642. Biography She was the daughter of nobleman Peder Ryning and Kerstin Gyllenstierna. In 1625, she married nobleman colonel Göran Soop (d. 1631). Prior to her marriage, she served as ''kammarfröken'' to the queen dowager of Sweden, Christina of Holstein-Gottorp. Courtier After the death of the queen's foster mother and aunt Catherine of Sweden, Countess Palatine of Kleeburg, the Royal Regency Council under Axel Oxenstierna saw a need to appoint a new foster mother to the underage monarch (her mother being exiled), which resulted in a reorganization of the queen's household. In order to avoid the young queen from being dependent upon a single individual and favorite mother figure, the Royal Council decided to split the office of head lady-in-waiting (responsible for the queen's female courtiers) and the office royal governess (or foster ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People Of The Swedish Empire
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural form of per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mistresses Of The Robes (Sweden)
Mistress is the feminine form of the English word "master" (''master'' + ''-ess'') and may refer to: Romance and relationships * Mistress (lover), a term for a woman who is in a sexual and romantic relationship with a man who is married to a different woman Title or form of address * Mistress (form of address), an old-fashioned term for the lady of the house * Ms., original abbreviation * Mistress (college), a female head of a college * Mistress of the Robes, the senior lady of the British Royal Household * Female schoolmaster, also called a schoolmistress or "schoolmarm" In ancient religions * Isis, Egyptian goddess known as the mistress of the house of life * Hathor, Egyptian goddess known as the mistress of the west * Nepthys, Egyptian goddess of the underworld, known as the mistress of the temple * Despoina, a Greek title for the mistress of the house, applied to various women and goddesses * Potnia theron, or mistress of the animals, a title applied by Homer to the Gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th-century Swedish People
The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 ( MDCI), to December 31, 1700 ( MDCC). It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the latter part of the Spanish Golden Age, the Dutch Golden Age, the French ''Grand Siècle'' dominated by Louis XIV, the Scientific Revolution, the world's first public company and megacorporation known as the Dutch East India Company, and according to some historians, the General Crisis. From the mid-17th century, European politics were increasingly dominated by the Kingdom of France of Louis XIV, where royal power was solidified domestically in the civil war of the Fronde. The semi-feudal territorial French nobility was weakened and subjugated to the power of an absolute monarchy through the reinvention of the Palace of Versailles from a hunting lodge to a gilded prison, in which a greatly expanded royal court could be more easily k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1652 Deaths
Year 165 ( CLXV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Orfitus and Pudens (or, less frequently, year 918 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 165 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * A Roman military expedition under Avidius Cassius is successful against Parthia, capturing Artaxata, Seleucia on the Tigris, and Ctesiphon. The Parthians sue for peace. * Antonine Plague: A pandemic breaks out in Rome, after the Roman army returns from Parthia. The plague significantly depopulates the Roman Empire and China. * Legio II ''Italica'' is levied by Emperor Marcus Aurelius. * Dura-Europos is taken by the Romans. * The Romans establish a garrison at Doura Europos on the Euphrates, a control point for the commercial ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1591 Births
Events January–June * March 13 – Battle of Tondibi: In Mali, forces sent by the Saadi dynasty ruler of Morocco, Ahmad al-Mansur, and led by Judar Pasha, defeat the fractured Songhai Empire, despite being outnumbered by at least five to one. * April 10 – English merchant James Lancaster sets off on a voyage to the East Indies. * April 21 – Japanese tea-master Sen no Rikyū commits seppuku, on the order of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. * May 15 – In Russia, Tsarevich Dimitri, son of Ivan the Terrible, is found dead in mysterious circumstances, at the palace in Uglich. The official explanation is that he has cut his own throat during an epileptic seizure. Many believe he has been murdered by his rival, Boris Godunov, who becomes tsar. * May 24 – Sir John Norreys, with an expeditionary force sent by Queen Elizabeth I of England, takes the town of Guingamp after a brief siege, on behalf of Henry of Navarre. * May 30 – Timbuktu is captured by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margareta Brahe
Margareta Abrahamsdotter Brahe (28 June 1603, Rydboholm – 15 May 1669, Weferlingen) was a Swedish aristocrat and court official, Landgravine of Hesse-Homburg by marriage to Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg. She aroused a lot of attention with her marriages, which were considered scandalous. Life First marriage Margareta Brahe was the daughter of ''riksråd'' Count Abraham Pedersson Brahe of Visingsborg (1569-1630) and Elsa Gyllenstierna of Lundholm, and as such the sister of Per Brahe the Younger and Nils Brahe, and the cousin of Ebba Brahe. She belonged to one of the most prestigious noble families in Sweden and was related to the royal family. Contemporaries does not describe her as intelligent, but as a moderate character with a good sense of tact and decorum and a cheerful temperament, lacking of any mind to plot and participate in intrigues at court.Margareta Brahe, urn:sbl:18049, Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (art av O. Walde.), hämtad 2017-12-05. Physically, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elisabeth Gyllenstierna
Elisabeth Gyllenstierna (1581–1646) was a Swedish court official. She was the ''överhovmästarinna'' to Christina, Queen of Sweden, from 1634 until 1639. She was the daughter of the ''riksdrots'' baron Nils Göransson Gyllenstierna af Lundholm and Ebba Bielke af Åkerö. In 1608, she married the admiral and ''riksråd Riksrådet (in Norwegian and Swedish), Rigsrådet (in Danish) or (English: the Council of the Realm and the Council of the State – sometimes translated as the "Privy Council") is the name of the councils of the Scandinavian countries that rule ...'' nobleman Hans Claesson Bielkenstierna (d. 1620). She was appointed head lady in waiting in 1634. During her tenure, she is known to have made use of her position to recommend relatives to offices, and it is noted that she had her daughters Ebba and Karin and her niece Ebba Gyllenstierna to maids-of-honours.Eva Österberg, red (1997). Jämmerdal & Fröjdesal. Kvinnor i stormaktstidens Sverige. Stockholm: Atlantis AB ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Court Mistress
Court Mistress ( da, hofmesterinde; nl, hofmeesteres; german: Hofmeisterin; no, hoffmesterinne; sv, hovmästarinna) or Chief Court Mistress ( da, Overhofmesterinde; ('grand mistress'); ; no, overhoffmesterinne; sv, överhovmästarinna; russian: Обер-гофмейстерина, Ober-gofmeysterina) is or was the title of the senior lady-in-waiting in the courts of Austria, Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, Sweden, Imperial Russia, and the German princely and royal courts. Austria In 1619, a set organisation was finally established for the Austrian Imperial court which came to be the characteristic organisation of the Austrian-Habsburg court roughly kept from this point onward. The first rank of the female courtiers was the ''Obersthofmeisterin'', who was second in rank after the empress herself, and responsible for all the female courtiers.Nadine Akkerman & Birgit Houben, eds. ''The Politics of Female Households: Ladies-in-Waiting Across Early Modern Europe'' (2013). When ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louise Van Der Nooth
Louise van der Nooth (1630s–1654) was a ''hovfröken'' (maid of honour) and favorite of Queen Christina of Sweden. She was born in the Dutch Republic as the daughter of the colonel Lamoraal van der Noot (died November 1644 in Grave) and Lucretia van Stakenbroek (1609, Grave - 1664, Turku), lords of the heerlijkheid Grave. Her mother remarried the Swedish baron Knut Kurck on 4 March 1646 in Grave and took five of her seven children to Sweden. Louise van der Nooth was appointed maid of honour to queen Christina. As such, she became a part of the small circle of females in whom Christina showed an interest. With some exceptions, such as Ebba Sparre, Lady Jane Ruthven and Louise van der Nooth, Christina did not show any interest in her female courtiers, and generally mentions them only to express contempt over their femininity and portray herself as more masculine than them. In 1639 she mentions her attitude toward her ladies in waiting in regard to Beata Oxenstierna Beata Oxenstierna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Jane Ruthven
Lady Jane Ruthven or Lady Jean Ruthven, (died 1668), of noble Scottish descent, was a lady-in-waiting at the court of Queen Christina of Sweden. She served as ''hovfröken'' (maid of honour) to the queen. Ruthven was a daughter of the Scottish general Patrick Ruthven, 1st Earl of Forth, who was in Swedish service from 1609 to 1637, and Jane Henderson. She was also the maternal niece of General John Henderson. Her father and uncle were both in Swedish service, and she kept in contact with the latter after he left Sweden. She had Roman Catholic sympathies through her mother and uncle. With some exceptions, such as Ebba Sparre, Jane Ruthven and Louise van der Nooth, Queen Christina showed little interest in her female courtiers, and mentions them only to express contempt over their femininity and portray herself as more masculine than them. In 1639 she mentions her attitude toward her ladies in waiting in regard to Beata Oxenstierna and her daughter, maid of honor Märta Ulfsparre: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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