|
Battle Of Labrytai
The Battle of Labrytae () was a battle around 380 BC that occurred nearly directly after Octamasades usurped the Sindian throne from his father Hecataeus and attacked and took the city of Labrytae, presumably a city under Bosporan rule. Leukon, the ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom, had made war upon Oktamasades on behalf of Hekataios, who was a vassal of the Bosporans prior to his removal from the throne. Prelude Hecataeus had suffered a war against his former wife Tirgatao after marrying the wife of Satyrus I and imprisoning Tirgatao to a tower. Tirgatao had escaped and rallied her tribe of Ixomatae and laid fire and sword to both the lands of Hekataios and those of Satyros. This made the two sought peace, Tirgatao giving it to them after negotiations. Metrodorus, a son of Satyrus was sent as a hostage. Satyrus then attempted to assassinate Tirgatao, but this failed and he lost his son Metrodorus in the process. Peace was made when Gorgippus, one Satyrus's sons, became a co-reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bosporan Wars Of Expansion
The Bosporan Kingdom waged a series of wars of expansion in the Cimmerian Bosporus and the surrounding territories from around 438 BC until about 355 BC. Bosporan expansion began after Spartokos I, the first Spartocid (and after whom the dynasty is named) took power and during his seven-year reign, established an aggressive expansionist foreign policy that was followed by his successors. Background It is possible that Spartokos I was a Thracian mercenary who usurped the Archaeanactids, a Greek dynasty of Bosporan rulers who had ruled for 40 years. Although disputed, some sources say that Spartokos may have been related to the Odrysian royal dynasty as some members included the names of " Sparatokos" and may have sought influence in other parts of the Black Sea. Spartokos I only reigned for 7 years, leaving his son, Satyrus I to carry on his expansionist policies. Satyrus became involved with the neighbouring Sindike Kingdom, and was interested in bringing Nymphaeum under his ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scythia
Scythia (Scythian: ; Old Persian: ; Ancient Greek: ; Latin: ) or Scythica (Ancient Greek: ; Latin: ), also known as Pontic Scythia, was a kingdom created by the Scythians during the 6th to 3rd centuries BC in the Pontic–Caspian steppe. History Background Origins of the Scythians The Scythians originated in Central Asia possibly around the 9th century BC, and they arrived in the Caucasian Steppe in the 8th and 7th centuries BC as part of a significant movement of the nomadic peoples of the Eurasian Steppe. This movement started when another nomadic Iranian tribe closely related to the Scythians, either the Massagetae or the Issedones, migrated westwards, forcing the Early Scythians to the west across the Araxes river, following which the Scythians moved into the Caspian Steppe, where they conquered the territory of the Cimmerians, who were also a nomadic Iranian people closely related to the Scythians, and assimilated most of them while displacing the rest, before settling ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sindoi
The Sindi ( grc, Σινδοι, Sindoi; la, Sindi) were an ancient Scythians, Scythian people who primarily lived in western North Caucasus, Ciscaucasia. A portion of the Sindi also lived in Central Europe. Their name is variously written, and Pomponius Mela calls them Sindones, Lucian, Sindianoi. History Ciscaucasia The Sindi were a tribe of the Scythians who established themselves on the Taman peninsula, where they formed a ruling class over the indigenous North Caucasian languages, North Caucasian Maeotians. Archaeologically, the Sindi belonged to the Scythian culture, and they progressively became Hellenised due to contact with the Bosporan Kingdom. As the Scythians lost more territory in Ciscaucasia to the Sauromatians over the course of the late 6th century BC, the Sindi remained the only Scythian group still present in the region, in the area called Sindica ( grc, Σινδικη, Sindikē) by the Greeks and which corresponded to the area west of present-day Krasnodar, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bosporan Kingdom
The Bosporan Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosporus (, ''Vasíleio toú Kimmerikoú Vospórou''), was an ancient Greco-Scythian state located in eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula on the shores of the Cimmerian Bosporus, centered in the present-day Strait of Kerch. It was the first truly 'Hellenistic' state, in the sense that a mixed population adopted the Greek language and civilization, under aristocratic consolidated leadership. Under the Spartocid dynasty, the aristocracy of the kingdom adopted a double nature of presenting themselves as Archon, ''archons'' to Greek subjects and as kings to barbarians, which some historians consider unique in ancient history.The Bosporan Kingdom became Roman Crimea, the longest surviving Roman client kingdom. The 1st and 2nd centuries AD saw a period of a new golden age of the Bosporan state. It was briefly incorporated as part of the Roman province of Moesia Inferior from 63 to 68 AD under Emperor Nero, before being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leukon Of Bosporus
Leucon I of Bosporus ( gr, Λευκὼν, Leukon, lived c. 410-349 BC) also known as Leuco, was a Spartocid ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom who ruled from 389 to 349 BC. He was arguably the greatest ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the son of Satyrus I (432-389 BC) and the grandson of Spartocus I, the first Spartocid ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom. Leucon ruled his kingdom jointly with his brother Gorgippus, who situated himself on the Asiatic side and ruled from Gorgippia, which he named after himself. Leucon was succeeded by his sons Spartocus II (349-342 BC) and Paerisades I (349-309). He continued his father's war against Theodosia and Chersonesus with the goal of annexing all the Greek colonies in the Bosporus. He also made Sindike his vassal upon defeating Octamasades, and in an inscription from Nymphaion he is described as "''archon'' of the Bosporus, Theodosia, all Sindike". He also created a foreign and trade policy outside the Black Sea, significantly with Athens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hecataeus Of The Sindi
Hecataeus ( grc, Ἑκαταίος, Hekataios) was the king of the Ancient Circassians ( Sindians) throughout the reigns of both Satyrus I and Leucon I of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was married to Tirgatao, a powerful Maeotian princess from the tribe of the Ixomatae and to a daughter of Satyrus. He was also the father of Octamasades, who would later usurp the throne from his father, after which Leucon, seeing an opportunity to annex Sindike, waged war on Octamasades. Reign Not much is known about Hecataeus' life or much of his reign, only that he, instead of killing Tirgatao on Satyrus' advice, locked her away in a castle in which she eventually got away from. Satyrus and Leucon searched for her, but she eluded them. She would wage war on both her former husband and Satyrus, forcing them to sue for peace. Losing the throne and abdication Octamasades usurped the throne from his father, and then found himself in a war against Leucon. Leucon managed to drive Octamasades into Scyth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leukon I
Leucon I of Bosporus ( gr, Λευκὼν, Leukon, lived c. 410-349 BC) also known as Leuco, was a Spartocid ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom who ruled from 389 to 349 BC. He was arguably the greatest ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the son of Satyrus I (432-389 BC) and the grandson of Spartocus I, the first Spartocid ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom. Leucon ruled his kingdom jointly with his brother Gorgippus, who situated himself on the Asiatic side and ruled from Gorgippia, which he named after himself. Leucon was succeeded by his sons Spartocus II (349-342 BC) and Paerisades I (349-309). He continued his father's war against Theodosia and Chersonesus with the goal of annexing all the Greek colonies in the Bosporus. He also made Sindike his vassal upon defeating Octamasades, and in an inscription from Nymphaion he is described as "''archon'' of the Bosporus, Theodosia, all Sindike". He also created a foreign and trade policy outside the Black Sea, significantly with Athens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tirgatao
Tirgatao (Scythian: ; Ancient Greek: , romanized: ) was a princess of the Maeotes mentioned by Polyaenus. She was the first wife of the Sindian king Hecataeus, and was a notable participant of the Bosporan wars of expansion. Name The name Tirgataō is the Hellenisation of the Scythian language name , meaning "with the strength of an arrow." In the texts Polyaenus Polyaenus or Polyenus ( ; see ae (æ) vs. e; grc-gre, Πoλύαινoς, Polyainos, "much-praised") was a 2nd-century CE Greek author, known best for his ''Stratagems in War'' ( grc-gre, Στρατηγήματα, Strategemata), which has been pr ... tells us the story of Tirgatao in his book ''Stratagems'': See also Related articles * Maeotes External links Page on Tirgatao on Rejectedprincesses.com References {{Reflist Iranic women Scythian people Women in war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Satyrus I
Satyrus I (, died 389 BC) was the Spartocid ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom from 432 BC to 389 BC. During his rule he built upon the expansive foreign policy of his father, Spartocus I. He conquered Nymphaion, became involved in the political developments of the neighbouring Sindike kingdom and laid siege to the city of Theodosia, which was a serious commercial rival because of its ice-free port and proximity to the grain fields of eastern Crimea. He presided over a strengthening of ties with Athens, and at one point possibly had a statue raised in his honour in the city. He was also the father of Leucon and Gorgippus, who expanded their realm into a powerful kingdom. Reign Satyrus I was a leading figure in the expansion of his father's kingdom, initially gaining some success by taking Nymphaeum from Gylon and perhaps Kimmerikon, but later had extensive problems with the neighbouring Sindike Kingdom, with which he had started an unsuccessful war, and the Greek city-states of T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ixomatae
The Maeotians (; grc, Μαιῶται, translit=Maiōtai; la, Maeōtae) were an ancient people dwelling along the Sea of Azov, which was known in antiquity as the "Maeotian marshes" or "Lake Maeotis".James, Edward Boucher"Maeotae" and "Maeotis Palus"in the ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography'', , . Walton & Maberly (London), 1857. Accessed 26 Aug 2014. They are often considered to be the ancestors of the Circassians, Abkhazians, Abazins. Identity The etymology of the name and identity of the people remain unclear. Edward James and William Smith were of the opinion that the term Maeotian was applied broadly to various peoples around the Sea of Azov, rather than the name of the sea deriving from a certain people. Their subdivisions included the Sindi, the Dandarii, the Toreatae, the Agri, the Arrechi, the Tarpetes, the Obidiaceni, the Sittaceni, the Dosci, and "many" others. Strabo. '' Geographica'', xi. . Of these, the Sindi are the best attested, and were probably t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorgippus
Gorgippus ( grc, Γοργιππος, Gorgippos) was a son of Satyrus I and was a Spartocid joint ruler with his brother Leucon (389–349 BCE) of the Bosporan Kingdom. He situated himself on the Asiatic side of the kingdom, in Gorgippia where he ruled until, presumably, his death in 349 BCE. Wars of Expansion Gorgippus was a prominent figure of the Bosporan Wars of Expansion, after he became joint-ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom alongside his brother Leukon upon the death of their father Satyros I. He seems to have ended the war his father had unsuccessfully began with queen Tirgatao of the Maeotians, who had been wronged by Satyrus earlier on in diplomatic relations with Hecataeus. Additionally, he seems to have renamed Sindia, the capital of the Sindike Kingdom, to Gorgippia, after himself. In a speech against the Athenian orator Demosthenes, Gorgippus was described as one of the "detested tyrants", alongside Paerisades I and Satyrus I for whom Demosthenes had erected statues in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apollo
Apollo, grc, Ἀπόλλωνος, Apóllōnos, label=genitive , ; , grc-dor, Ἀπέλλων, Apéllōn, ; grc, Ἀπείλων, Apeílōn, label=Arcadocypriot Greek, ; grc-aeo, Ἄπλουν, Áploun, la, Apollō, la, Apollinis, label=genitive, , ; , is one of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology. The national divinity of the Greeks, Apollo has been recognized as a god of archery, music and dance, truth and prophecy, healing and diseases, the Sun and light, poetry, and more. One of the most important and complex of the Greek gods, he is the son of Zeus and Leto, and the twin brother of Artemis, goddess of the hunt. Seen as the most beautiful god and the ideal of the ''kouros'' (ephebe, or a beardless, athletic youth), Apollo is considered to be the most Greek of all the gods. Apollo is known in Greek-influenced Etruscan mythology as ''Apulu''. As the patron deity of Delphi (''Apollo Pythios''), Apollo is an oracul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.svg "Click for more on -> Bosporan Kingdom")
