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Bromine Oxide
Bromine can form several different oxides: * Dibromine monoxide (Br2O) * Bromine dioxide (BrO2) * Dibromine trioxide (Br2O3) * Dibromine pentoxide (Br2O5) * Tribromine octoxide (Br3O8) Also, a number of ions are bromine oxides: * Hypobromite (BrO−) * Bromous acid, Bromite (BrO2−) * Bromate (BrO3−) * Perbromate (BrO4−) And the bromine monoxide radical: * Bromine monoxide radical, Bromine oxide (BrO) See also * Oxygen fluoride * Chlorine oxide * Iodine oxide {{Chemistry index Bromine compounds Oxides ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromous Acid
Bromous acid is the inorganic compound with the formula of HBrO2. It is an unstable compound, although salts of its conjugate base – bromites – have been isolated. In acidic solution, bromites decompose to bromine. Discovery In 1905, Richards A. H. proved the existence of bromous acid through a series of experiments involving silver nitrate (AgNO3) and bromine. The reaction of excess cold aqueous to form hypobromous acid (HBrO), silver bromide (AgBr) and nitric acid (HNO3): :Br2 + AgNO3 + H2O → HBrO + AgBr + HNO3 Richards discovered that the effect of adding excess liquid bromine in a concentrated silver nitrate (AgNO3) resulted in a different reaction mechanism. From numbers of equivalent portions of acid bromine formed from the previous reaction, the ratio between oxygen and bromine was calculated, with the exact value of O:Br (0.149975:0.3745), suggesting the acid compound contains two oxygen atom to one bromine atom. Thus, the chemical structure of the acid compound ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iodine Oxide
Iodine oxides are chemical compounds of oxygen and iodine. Iodine has only two stable oxides which are isolatable in bulk, iodine tetroxide and iodine pentoxide, but a number of other oxides are formed in trace quantities or have been hypothesized to exist. The chemistry of these compounds is complicated with only a few having been well characterized. Many have been detected in the atmosphere and are believed to be particularly important in the marine layer, marine boundary layer. Molecular compounds Diiodine monoxide has largely been the subject of theoretical study, but there is some evidence that it may be prepared in a similar manner to dichlorine monoxide, via a reaction between mercury(II) oxide, HgO and I2. The compound appears to be highly unstable but can react with alkenes to give halogenated products. free radical, Radical iodine oxide (IO), iodine dioxide (IO2), collectively referred to as IO and iodine tetroxide ((I2O4) all possess significant and interconnected a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlorine Oxide
Chlorine and oxygen can bond in a number of ways: * chlorine monoxide radical, , chlorine (II) oxide radical * chloroperoxyl radical, , chlorine (II) peroxide radical *chlorine dioxide, , chlorine (IV) oxide * chlorine trioxide radical, , chlorine (VI) oxide radical * chlorine tetroxide radical, , chlorine (VII) oxide radical *dichlorine monoxide, , chlorine (I) oxide * chlorine peroxide, , dimer of chlorine monoxide radical or ClO dimer, chlorine (I) peroxide ** chloryl chloride, , chlorine (0,IV) oxide ** chlorine chlorite, , chlorine (I,III) oxide * dichlorine trioxide, as , chlorine (III,V) oxide **dichlorine trioxide, as possible isomer , chlorine (I,V) oxide **dichlorine trioxide, as hypothetical isomer , chlorine (III) oxide *dichlorine tetroxide, also known as chlorine perchlorate, or , chlorine (I,VII) oxide * dichlorine pentoxide, or , is hypothetical * dichlorine hexoxide or chloryl perchlorate, or , chlorine (V,VII) oxide * dichlorine heptoxide, , chlorine (VII) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxygen Fluoride
Oxygen fluorides are chemical compound, compounds of chemical element, elements oxygen and fluorine with the general formula , where ''n'' = 1 to 6. Many different oxygen fluorides are known: *Oxygen monofluoride (OF) *Oxygen difluoride () *Dioxygen difluoride () *Trioxygen difluoride or ozone difluoride () *Tetraoxygen difluoride () *Pentaoxygen difluoride () *Hexaoxygen difluoride () *Dioxygen monofluoride or fluoroperoxyl () Oxygen fluorides are strong oxidizing agents with high energy and can release their energy either instantaneously or at a controlled rate. Thus, these compounds attracted much attention as potential oxidizers in Jet propulsion, jet propulsion systems. Synthesis, properties and reactions Oxygen difluoride () A common preparative method involves fluorination of sodium hydroxide: : is a colorless gas at room temperature and a yellow liquid below 128 K. Oxygen difluoride has an irritating odor and is poisonous. It reacts quantitatively with aqueous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromine Monoxide Radical
Bromine monoxide is a binary inorganic compound of bromine and oxygen with the chemical formula BrO. A free radical, this compound is the simplest of many bromine oxides. The compound is capable of influencing atmospheric chemical processes. Naturally, BrO can be found in volcanic plumes. BrO is similar to the oxygen monofluoride, chlorine monoxide and iodine monoxide radicals. Chemical properties The compound is very effective as a catalyst of the ozone destruction. The chemical reaction of BrO and chlorine dioxide (OClO) results in ozone depletion Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s: a lowered total amount of ozone in Earth, Earth's upper atmosphere, and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone (the ozone layer) around Earth's polar ... in the stratosphere. References {{Bromine compounds Bromine compounds Diatomic molecules Oxides Free radicals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perbromate
In chemistry, the perbromate ion is the anion with the chemical formula . It is an oxyanion of bromine, the conjugate base of perbromic acid, in which bromine has the oxidation state +7. Unlike its chlorine () and iodine () analogs, it is difficult to synthesize. It has tetrahedral molecular geometry. The term perbromate also refers to a compound that contains the anion or the functional group. The perbromate ion is a strong oxidizing agent. The reduction potential for the / couple is +0.68 V at pH 14. This is comparable to selenite's reduction potential. Synthesis Attempted syntheses of perbromates were unsuccessful until 1968, when it was finally obtained by the beta decay of selenium-83 in a selenate salt: : → + β− Subsequently, it was successfully synthesized again by the electrolysis of , although only in low yield. Later, it was obtained by the oxidation of bromate with xenon difluoride. Once perbromates are obtained, perbromic acid can be pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromate
The bromate anion, , is a bromine-based oxoanion. A bromate is a chemical compound that contains this ion. Examples of bromates include sodium bromate () and potassium bromate (). Bromates are formed many different ways in municipal drinking water. The most common is the reaction of ozone and bromide: : Br + → BrO Electrochemical processes, such as electrolysis of brine without a membrane operating to form hypochlorite, will also produce bromate when bromide ion is present in the brine solution. Photoactivation (sunlight exposure) will encourage liquid or gaseous bromine to generate bromate in bromide-containing water. In laboratories bromates can be synthesized by dissolving in a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH). The following reactions will take place (via the intermediate creation of hypobromite): : + 2 OH− → Br + BrO + :3 BrO → BrO + 2 Br Human health issues Bromate in drinking water is toxic because it is a suspected human carcinogen. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypobromite
The hypobromite ion, also called alkaline bromine water, is BrO−. Bromine is in the +1 oxidation state. The Br–O bond length is 1.82 Å. Hypobromite is the bromine compound analogous to hypochlorites found in common bleaches, and in immune cells. In many ways, hypobromite functions in the same manner as hypochlorite, and is also used as a germicide and antiparasitic in both industrial applications, and in the immune system. Preparation Hypobromite salts form upon treating bromine with aqueous alkali, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide. At 20 °C the reaction is rapid. : Br2 + 2 OH−(aq) → Br− + BrO− + H2O In this reaction the bromine Disproportionation, disproportionates (some undergoes reduction and some oxidation) from oxidation state 0 (Br2) to oxidation state −1 (Br−) and oxidation state +1 (BrO−). Sodium hypobromite can be isolated as an orange solid. A secondary reaction, where hypobromite spontaneously disproportionates to bromide (bromine oxidati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromine
Bromine is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol Br and atomic number 35. It is a volatile red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured vapour. Its properties are intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine. Isolated independently by two chemists, Carl Jacob Löwig (in 1825) and Antoine Jérôme Balard (in 1826), its name was derived , referring to its sharp and pungent smell. Elemental bromine is very reactive and thus does not occur as a free element in nature. Instead, it can be isolated from colourless soluble crystalline mineral halide Ionic salt, salts analogous to table salt, a property it shares with the other halogens. While it is rather rare in the Earth's crust, the high solubility of the bromide ion (Br) has caused its Bromine cycle, accumulation in the oceans. Commercially the element is easily extracted from brine evaporation ponds, mostly in the United States and Israel. The mass of bromine in the oce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribromine Octoxide
Tribromine octoxide is a binary inorganic compound of bromine and oxygen with the chemical formula . This is a free radical and one of the most complex bromine oxide Bromine can form several different oxides: * Dibromine monoxide (Br2O) * Bromine dioxide (BrO2) * Dibromine trioxide (Br2O3) * Dibromine pentoxide (Br2O5) * Tribromine octoxide (Br3O8) Also, a number of ions are bromine oxides: * Hypobromite ...s. Synthesis A reaction of with at 273 K and low pressure. Physical properties The compound forms a white solid. It exists in two forms which are both soluble in water. It is unstable above −73 °C. References {{Oxygen compounds Bromine compounds Oxides Free radicals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dibromine Pentoxide
Dibromine pentoxide is the chemical compound composed of bromine and oxygen with the formula Br2O5. It is a colorless solid that is stable below −20 °C. It has the structure O2Br−O−BrO2, the Br−O−Br bond is bent with bond angle 121.2°. Each BrO3 group is pyramidal with the bromine atom at the apex. Preparation Dibromine pentoxide can be prepared by reacting a solution of bromine in dichloromethane with ozone at low temperatures and recrystallized from propionitrile Propionitrile, also known as ethyl cyanide and propanenitrile, is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH2CN. It is a simple aliphatic nitrile. The compound is a colourless, water-soluble liquid. It is used as a solvent and a precursor to oth .... References Bromine(V) compounds Oxides {{inorganic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
