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Brazilian Café
The Brazilian Café () was an old well-known coffeehouse in Baghdad, Iraq, that was notable for its European style and significant artistic legacy. Located near the Aladdin Cinema, the coffeehouse also provided Brazilian coffee that was imported from Brazil since the 1940s which was prepared by a specialized worker using machines for preparing steamed coffee. Among its well-known visitors were former Iraqi Prime Minister Nuri al-Said and the Iraqi poet Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati. Description The Brazilian Café was officially opened in 1937 in al-Rashid Street. Due to its European style, the coffeehouse stood out from the many coffeehouses in Baghdad. Many of the cafés of Baghdad were traditionally Baghdadi in style. The café, along with the Swiss Café on the same street, was visited by artists and writers who studied in art institutes in Rome, Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baghdad
Baghdad ( or ; , ) is the capital and List of largest cities of Iraq, largest city of Iraq, located along the Tigris in the central part of the country. With a population exceeding 7 million, it ranks among the List of largest cities in the Arab world, most populous cities in the Middle East and Arab world and forms 22% of the Demographics of Iraq, country's population. Spanning an area of approximately , Baghdad is the capital of its Baghdad Governorate, governorate and serves as Iraq's political, economic, and cultural hub. Founded in 762 AD by Al-Mansur, Baghdad was the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate and became its most notable development project. The city evolved into a cultural and intellectual center of the Muslim world. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multi-ethnic and multi-religious environment, garnered it a worldwide reputation as the "Center of Learning". For much of the Abbasid era, duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jawad Saleem
Jawad Saleem (, 1919–1961) was an Iraq, Iraqi painter and sculptor born in Ankara, Ottoman Empire in 1919. He became an influential artist through his involvement with the Iraqi Baghdad Modern Art Group, which encouraged artists to explore techniques that combined both Arab heritage and modern art forms. He is considered to be one of Iraq's greatest 20th-century sculptors. Saleem received his artistic training in Baghdad but studied abroad in various European countries. Being a critic of early 20th century Iraqis' taste in art, he was a founding member of the Baghdad College of Fine Arts, as well as being the founder of the Baghdad Group for Modern Art. Throughout his artistic career, Saleem has been invited into various art-related events and groups. One of his most notable works is the Freedom Monument (Baghdad), ''Nasb al-Hurriyya'' monument, an example of 20th century Iraqi modernism and Iraqi Republic (1958–1968), Qasim-era Iraqi revolutionary art; he died during its cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tea Houses
A teahouse or tearoom (also tea room) is an establishment which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments. A tea room may be a room set aside in a hotel, especially for serving afternoon tea, or may be an establishment that only serves cream tea. Although the function of a tea room may vary according to the circumstance or country, tea houses often serve as centers of social interaction, like coffee houses. Some cultures have a variety of distinct tea-centered establishments of different types, depending on the national tea culture. For example, the British or American tea room serves afternoon tea with a variety of small snacks. East Asia Throughout China and Japan, a teahouse ( Chinese: , or , ; Japanese: ; Standard Nepali: ''chiya ghar'' ()) is traditionally a place which offers tea to its customers. People gather at teahouses to chat, socialize and enjoy tea, and young people often meet at teahouses for dates. The Guangdong (Cantonese) style teahouse is part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Zahawi Café
Al-Zahawi Café () is a heritage café located in Al Rasheed Street, al-Rasheed Street between al-Maidan Square and Haydar-Khana Mosque near Mutanabbi Street, al-Mutanabbi Street in Baghdad, Iraq. The café is one of the oldest traditional cafés in Iraq with its establishment dating back to 1917. Named after the Iraqi poet and philosopher Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi, the café is one of the more well-known coffeehouses of Baghdad and housed many intellectuals, poets, singers, and journalists over its existence although it has declined in recent years since 2003. Historical background Overview as an Intellectual hub The café was established in 1917 and was originally known as "Amin's Café", it was a shed with nothing but old benches and chairs. It didn't get its name until Nuri al-Said invited Iraqi poet and philosopher Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi to the café for a meeting due to the lack of respectable clubs or hotels at the time. The café was later named after him and became a gath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shabandar Café
The Shabandar Café () is one of the oldest and most famous coffeehouses in Baghdad, Iraq. It is located at the end of Mutanabbi Street, al-Mutanabbi Street near the Qushla. The coffeehouse building was previously "al-Shabandar Press", which was established in 1907 and was owned by Musa al-Shabandar, who became Minister of Foreign Affairs at the time of the King Faisal II in 1941. The coffeehouse is now a cultural and intellectual social hub and is considered one of the most important heritage landmarks of Baghdad where poetry, politics, culture, literature, and art are discussed and a place to increase the visitor's knowledge about said topics. Etymology The Shabandar Café was named after its owners from al-Shabandar family, a Baghdadi family known for their wealth, prestige, and their work in the field of trade and politics. The etymology of the name is from the Persian language, Persian title شاهبندر ''shahbandar, shāhbandar'' meaning "harbourmaster" or "port mast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Café Culture Of Baghdad
The coffeehouse culture of Baghdad () is a set of traditions and social behaviors in old, local, or traditional Baghdadi Coffeehouse, coffeehouses in Baghdad, Iraq. Ever since their inception in the 1500s, cafés have acted as social forums and gathering grounds for friends and meetings for all ages as well as a gathering ground for intellectuals, thinkers, and personalities to discuss politics, art, literature, science, poetry, and other subjects that had a great impact on Iraq's cultural and literary life while consuming tea or coffee. Cultural Baghdadi coffeehouses have been thriving since their demands grew in the 17th century and continued into the 20th century, especially in al-Rashid Street, which saw many of these coffeehouses materialize along the street and the city. The majority of those coffeehouses, which bear witness to cultural, social, and political changes marking Iraq's modern history, have since been closed. Although many heritage and new traditional coffeehouse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Beiruti Café
Al-Beiruti Café () is one of the oldest surviving coffeehouses in Baghdad, Iraq, located on the Tigris River, on the Karkh side of the city. The coffeehouse is recognized as an important Iraqi heritage site. The coffeehouse is notable for overlooking the Tigris River, and for being a gathering place for writers, artists, and neo-classical poets. Historical background First coffeehouse Baghdadi anecdotes suggest that the coffeehouse was established in the 18th century by a Lebanese merchant named "Muhammad al-Beiruti." The oldest mention of the coffeehouse was by the British journalist and traveler James Silk Buckingham when he visited Baghdad in 1819. Although he never mentioned it by name. While sitting in the Hassan Pasha Café, Buckingham's attention was attracted by the coffeehouse's lights, which is located on the other side of the Tigris River. He described it by saying "Its lights are on the waves of the Tigris River." This indicates that the date of building the ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraq War
The Iraq War (), also referred to as the Second Gulf War, was a prolonged conflict in Iraq lasting from 2003 to 2011. It began with 2003 invasion of Iraq, the invasion by a Multi-National Force – Iraq, United States-led coalition, which resulted in the overthrow of the Ba'athist Iraq, Ba'athist government of Saddam Hussein. The conflict persisted Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011), as an insurgency arose against coalition forces and the newly established Iraqi government. US forces Withdrawal of United States troops from Iraq (2007–2011), were officially withdrawn in 2011. In 2014, the US became re-engaged in Iraq, leading a new coalition under Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve, as the conflict evolved into the ongoing Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present), Islamic State insurgency. The Iraq invasion was part of the Presidency of George W. Bush, Bush administration's broader war on terror, launched in response to the September 11 attacks. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Iraqi Writers
Union of Iraqi Writers or officially The General Union for the Literaries and Writers in Iraq () is a nonprofit professional cultural NGO that is concerned with Iraqi literary affairs. Founded in 1959 in Baghdad under Iraqi Republic (1958–68) and headquartered in Andalus Square in Baghdad and has branches in the provinces. Establishment On 7 of May 1959, the first administrative body of Union elected by secret ballot; Jawahiri elected president by acclamation, and Salah Khalis as general secretary and members: Zul Nun Ayoub, Mohammed Saleh Bahr al-Ulum, Mahdi Makhzoumi and Abd al-Wahhab Al-Bayati, Ali Jawad al-Tahir (who became secretary general after the assignment of Dr. Khalis to work outside Iraq) and Lamia Abbas Amara and Yousef al-Ani and Saadi Yousef and Abdullah Goran Abdullah Goran (, b. in 1904 in Halabja, Ottoman Empire, d. 1962 in Sulaymaniyah, Iraqi Kurdistan) was a leading Kurdish poet and translator of the 20th century. Biography Abdullah was born in Hala ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish People
Polish people, or Poles, are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common History of Poland, history, Culture of Poland, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe. The preamble to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland defines the Polish nation as comprising all the citizenship, citizens of Poland, regardless of heritage or ethnicity. The majority of Poles adhere to Roman Catholicism. The population of self-declared Poles in Poland is estimated at 37,394,000 out of an overall population of 38,512,000 (based on the 2011 census), of whom 36,522,000 declared Polish alone. A wide-ranging Polish diaspora (the ''Polish diaspora, Polonia'') exists throughout Eurasia, the Americas, and Australasia. Today, the largest urban concentrations of Poles are within the Warsaw metropolitan area and the Katowice urban area. Ethnic Poles are considered to be the descendants of the ancient West Slavic Lechites and other tribes t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afifa Iskandar
Afifa Iskandar Estefan (, 10 December 1921 in Mosul, Iraq - 21 October 2012) was an Iraqi singer active from the mid-1930s to the first decade of the 21st century. She was considered one of the best female singers in Iraqi history. She was nicknamed the "Iraqi Blackbird". Biography Afifa Iskandar was born in Mosul to an Armenian father and a Greek mother. She lived in Baghdad, and started singing at the age of 5. At her first party in 1935, she sang Al maqam. At the age of 12, she married an Armenian man named Iskandar Estefan and took his last name. She also worked as an actress and appeared in many productions. In 1938, she traveled to Egypt to work with Badia Masabni, Taheyya Kariokka, and Mohamed Abdel Wahab. She died of cancer on 21 October 2012 in Baghdad. Tribute On 10 December 2019, Google celebrated her 98th birthday with a Google Doodle Google Doodle is a special, temporary alteration of the logo on Google's homepages intended to commemorate holidays, events, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraq
Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to Iraq–Saudi Arabia border, the south, Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq border, the east, the Persian Gulf and Kuwait to the Iraq–Kuwait border, southeast, Jordan to Iraq–Jordan border, the southwest, and Syria to Iraq–Syria border, the west. The country covers an area of and has Demographics of Iraq, a population of over 46 million, making it the List of countries by area, 58th largest country by area and the List of countries by population, 31st most populous in the world. Baghdad, home to over 8 million people, is the capital city and the List of largest cities of Iraq, largest in the country. Starting in the 6th millennium BC, the fertile plains between Iraq's Tigris and Euphrates rivers, referred to as Mesopotamia, fostered the rise of early cities, civilisations, and empires including Sumer, Akkadian Empire, Akkad, and Assyria. Known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
