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Bram, Aude
Bram () is a commune in the Aude department in the Occitanie region in southern France. Bram is part of the old province of Lauragais, and is 790 km from Paris. Bram station has rail connections to Toulouse, Carcassonne and Narbonne. History The CD33 road to the village follows the Roman road, the Romans settling in the area because of a climate which balanced the warmth of the Mediterranean with the freshness of the Atlantic. In 60BCE, they began construction of Bram and called it Eburomagus. Roman remains suggest the town was less round than the current town. Eburomagus disappeared. The modern town was born in the 12th century, built around its fortress church. The only way into the village was by a gate to the east. Bram was a centre of Cathar belief. Their difference from Rome brought the intervention of Simon de Montfort who, following a Spanish monk who became St Dominic, besieged the town in 1210. He succeeded in three days and took revenge on resistants by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Communes Of France
A () is a level of administrative divisions of France, administrative division in the France, French Republic. French are analogous to civil townships and incorporated municipality, municipalities in Canada and the United States; ' in Germany; ' in Italy; ' in Spain; or civil parishes in the United Kingdom. are based on historical geographic communities or villages and are vested with significant powers to manage the populations and land of the geographic area covered. The are the fourth-level administrative divisions of France. vary widely in size and area, from large sprawling cities with millions of inhabitants like Paris, to small hamlet (place), hamlets with only a handful of inhabitants. typically are based on pre-existing villages and facilitate local governance. All have names, but not all named geographic areas or groups of people residing together are ( or ), the difference residing in the lack of administrative powers. Except for the Municipal arrondissem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Hugh Of La Tour-du-Pin
Hugh of La Tour-du-Pin (1197/1198 – December 1249) was the bishop of Clermont from 1227 until his death. Hugh was a son of Albert, lord of La Tour-du-Pin, and Marie d'Auvergne. He is called '' magister'', showing that he had a formal education. Before his election as bishop, he was the prior of the Cluniac abbey of Sauxillanges, where many members of his family had served as prior. By 1227, he was also the provost of Clermont and a subdeacon. That year, he was elected to succeed his uncle, Robert of Auvergne, as bishop of Clermont after the latter was transferred to the archdiocese of Lyon. Since Hugh was only twenty-nine years old at the time, Pope Gregory IX appointed him diocesan administrator on 30 April 1227. He was confirmed as bishop after he turned thirty. In 1229, Hugh, with Bishop Milo of Beauvais, brought French troops to Italy at the request of Gregory IX to fight against Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, in the War of the Keys. In 1242, during the Saintonge War, K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Communes Of The Aude Department
The following is a list of the 433 Communes of France, communes of the Aude Departments of France, department of France. The communes cooperate in the following Communes of France#Intercommunality, intercommunalities (as of 2025):Périmètre des groupements en 2025 BANATIC. Accessed 28 May 2025. *Communauté d'agglomération Carcassonne Agglo *Communauté d'agglomération Le Grand Narbonne *Communauté de communes Castelnaudary Lauragais Audois *Communauté de communes Corbières Salanque Méditerranée (partly) *Communauté de communes du Limouxin *Communauté de communes de la Montagne Noire *Communauté de communes Piège-Lauragais-Malepère *Communauté de communes des Pyrénées Audoises *Communauté de communes Région Lézignanaise, Corbières et Minervois *Communauté de communes aux sources du Canal du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Rugby Football
Rugby football is the collective name for the team sports of rugby union or rugby league. Rugby football started at Rugby School in Rugby, Warwickshire, England, where the rules were first codified in 1845. Forms of football in which the ball was carried and tossed date to the Middle Ages (see medieval football). Rugby football spread to other Public school (United Kingdom), English public schools in the 19th century and across the British Empire as former pupils continued to play it. Rugby football split into two codes in 1895, when twenty-one clubs from the North of England left the Rugby Football Union to form the Rugby Football League, Northern Rugby Football Union (renamed the Rugby Football League in 1922) at the George Hotel, Huddersfield, George Hotel, Huddersfield, over payments to players who took time off work to play ("broken-time payments"), thus making rugby league the first Football, code to turn professional sport, professional and pay players. Rugby union turn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Walter Spanghero
Walter Spanghero (born 21 December 1943) is a former French rugby union footballer. His father, Ferruccio Dante Spanghero, emigrated from Friuli, arriving in France in the 1930s to make a living as a bricklayer. He was a part of the France national team which won the 1968 Grand Slam in the Five Nations. He was also a part of the French side which won the Five Nations in 1967 and 1973. He played for France over 50 times. He played at number 8, lock and flanker. He famously had a very stormy relationship with his brother, Claude, who was also an international rugby player for France. Youth Walter Spanghero was born on December 21, 1943, in Payra-sur-l'Hers (Aude). His parents, Ferrucio and Romea, were both italian immigrants who had settled in France in the 1930's. They run a farm in the village of Bram, and Ferrucio played in the rugby union local team. They had eight children together, two daughter, Maryse and Annie, and six boys, Laurent, Jean-Marie, Walter, Claude, Guy et G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Prix Goncourt
The Prix Goncourt ( , "The Goncourt Prize") is a prize in French literature, given by the académie Goncourt to the author of "the best and most imaginative prose work of the year". The prize carries a symbolic reward of only 10 euros, but results in considerable recognition and book sales for the winning author. Four other prizes are also awarded: prix Goncourt du Premier Roman (first novel), prix Goncourt de la Nouvelle (short story), prix Goncourt de la Poésie (poetry) and prix Goncourt de la Biographie (biography). Of the "big six" French literary awards, the Prix Goncourt is the best known and most prestigious. The other major literary prizes include the , the Prix Femina, the , the Prix Interallié and the Prix Médicis. History Edmond de Goncourt, a successful author, critic, and publisher, bequeathed his estate for the foundation and maintenance of the Académie Goncourt. In honour of his brother and collaborator, Jules de Goncourt, Jules Alfred Huot de Goncourt (1830†... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Jean Cau (writer)
Jean Cau (8 July 1925, in Bram, Aude – 18 June 1993) was a French writer and journalist. Born in Bram, Aude, he was secretary to Jean-Paul Sartre, after which he was a journalist and reporter for ''L'Express'', '' Figaro'', and ''Paris Match''. In 1961, he was awarded the Prix Goncourt for his novel '' The Mercy of God''. Cau also wrote several works about bullfighting and Spain. In addition to novels and journalism, he wrote two plays as well as co-writing the screenplay for the successful 1970 French gangster film Borsalino (film) starring Alain Delon. He collaborated on the screenplays or television scripts for several other productions.https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0146424/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_2_tt_0_nm_8_in_0_q_jean%2520cau From the 1970s onwards he grew close to GRECE and his writings became infused with a sun-worshipping neopaganism. Jacques Marlaud dedicated an entire chapter to Cau in his study on contemporary literary and philosophical paganism. Jacques Marlaud, ''Le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Albert Sarraut
Albert-Pierre Sarraut (; 28 July 1872 – 26 November 1962) was a French Radical politician, twice Prime Minister during the Third Republic. Biography Sarraut was born on 28 July 1872 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France. On 14 March 1907 Sarraut, Senator of Aude and Under-Secretary of State for the Interior, was ridiculed by Clemenceau for trying to plead the case of his electorate during the revolt of the Languedoc winegrowers. Clemenceau told Sarraut, "I know the South, it will all end with a banquet". After massive demonstrations in the winegrowing region in June 1907 Clemenceau asked Sarraut to bring the leader Ernest Ferroul to the negotiating table. Ferroul told him: "When we have three million men behind us, we do not negotiate". From 17 June 1907 the Midi was occupied by 22 regiments of infantry and 12 regiments of cavalry. The gendarmerie was ordered to imprison the leaders of the demonstrations. Sarraut refused to endorse this policy and resigned from the governmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Agustà Centelles
Agustà Centelles Ossó (1909 in Valencia – 1 December 1985 in Barcelona) was a Catalan photographer, working on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War. As a refugee from Francoist Spain he was interned in France where he recorded life in the camp at Bram. He is considered one of the founders of Spanish photojournalism and has been called the "Spanish Robert Capa", with a "direct, spare style" and "great skill with the miniature Leica which enabled him to follow and photograph scenes of the Civil War." Biography His family moved to Barcelona when Centelles was a year old. He went to work as an apprentice in 1924 in the photographic studio of where he learned portraiture. A few years later he became the assistant of Josep Badosa who introduced him to journalism. He was an early adopter of the compact Leica camera and in 1934 began to work independently for newspapers such as ', ''Diario de Barcelona'', ' and ''La Vanguardia''. At the beginning of the Spanish Civil Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing politics, left-leaning Popular Front (Spain), Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic. The opposing Nationalists were an alliance of Falangism, Falangists, monarchists, conservatives, and Traditionalism (Spain), traditionalists led by a National Defense Junta, military junta among whom General Francisco Franco quickly achieved a preponderant role. Due to the international Interwar period#Great Depression, political climate at the time, the war was variously viewed as class struggle, a War of religion, religious struggle, or a struggle between dictatorship and Republicanism, republican democracy, between revolution and counterrevolution, or between fascism and communism. The Nationalists won the war, which ended in early 1939, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Spain
Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Europe and the fourth-most populous European Union member state. Spanning across the majority of the Iberian Peninsula, its territory also includes the Canary Islands, in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean, the Balearic Islands, in the Western Mediterranean Sea, and the Autonomous communities of Spain#Autonomous cities, autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla, in mainland Africa. Peninsular Spain is bordered to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; to the east and south by the Mediterranean Sea and Gibraltar; and to the west by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. Spain's capital and List of largest cities in Spain, largest city is Madrid, and other major List of metropolitan areas in Spain, urban areas include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Republican Faction (Spanish Civil War)
The Republican faction (), also known as the Loyalist faction () or the Government faction (), was the side in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939 that supported the government of the Second Spanish Republic against the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalist faction of the military rebellion. The name Republicans () was mainly used by its members and supporters, while its opponents used the term ''Rojos'' (Reds) to refer to this faction due to its left-leaning ideology, including far-left communist and Anarchism in Spain, anarchist groups, and the support it received from the Soviet Union. At the beginning of the war, the Republicans outnumbered the Nationalists by ten-to-one, but by January 1937 that advantage had dropped to four-to-one. Participants Political groups Popular Front Nationalists =Basque= * Basque nationalism ** Basque Nationalist Party ** Basque Nationalist Action =Catalan= * Catalan nationalism ** Republican Left of Catalonia ** Acció Cat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
