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Bogusław Fryderyk Radziwiłł
Prince Bogusław Fryderyk Radziwiłł (3 January 1809 – 2 January 1873) was a szlachta, Polish nobleman and Prussian military officer and politician. He lived in the Kingdom of Prussia, where he was a member of the Prussian parliament (later, of the Prussian House of Lords). He attained the rank of general within the Prussian Army. Early life Radziwiłł was born in Königsberg on 3 January 1809. He was a younger son of Prince Antoni Henryk Radziwiłł, the ''Duke-Governor'' (, ) of the Grand Duchy of Poznań, an autonomous province of the Kingdom of Prussia, and Princess Louise of Prussia (1770-1836), Princess Louise of Prussia (1770–1836). Among his surviving siblings were Prince Wilhelm Radziwiłł (who married Countess Mathilde von Clary-Aldringen, Clary und Aldringen); Prince Ferdynand Fryderyk Radziwiłł (who died unmarried); Princess Eliza Fryderyka Radziwiłł (the desired bride of Prince William of Prussia, who later became William I, German Emperor, but they wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdynand Radziwiłł
Prince Ferdynand Fryderyk Radziwiłł (1834 in Berlin – 1926 in Rome) was a Polish nobleman and Polish-German politician. Early life He was the son of Bogusław Fryderyk Radziwiłł and Leontyna von Clary und Aldringen. Through his paternal grandmother, Princess Louise of Prussia, he was a cousin of the German Emperors. He was educated in Berlin and received a law degree. Career During the Franco-Prussian War, he served as a soldier in the German army for one year. For much of his life he lived in the German Empire, where he was a member of the German parliament ( Reichstag) from 1874 to 1918. He was known as an important leader of the Polish minority and opponent of the Germanization and Kulturkampf policies. Prior to 1885, his political concerns fell mostly with the relation of the Church to the Kulturkampf. In 1901, he gave a speech at the Reichstag to protest the treatment of Polish school children in Września. In the speech, he denounced the alleged use o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michał Hieronim Radziwiłł
Prince Michał Hieronim Radziwiłł (; 1744–1831) was a Polish nobleman, politician, diplomat and member of the Polish–Lithuanian Radziwiłł family. He was an '' ordynat'' of Kleck, Olyka and Niasvizh, Great Sword-bearer of Lithuania from 1771, castellan of Vilnius from 1775, voivode of Vilnius from 1790, '' starost'' grabowski, komorowski, kraszewicki, and miksztadzki. He also held a position of Marshal during the Partition Sejm, together with Adam Poniński. He was a Knight of the Order of the White Eagle (awarded on 7 September 1773) and a holder of the Order of the Black Eagle. His paternal great-grandfather was Dominik Mikołaj Radziwiłł. He was married to Helena Przeździecka from 26 April 1771, their son was Antoni Radziwiłł. Biography Born into the House of Radziwiłł, the second son of Prince Marcin Mikołaj Radziwiłł (1705-1782) and his second wife, Marta Trembicka (d. 1812), he was neglected until his father was incapacitated (which took place in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leon Sapieha
Leon Sapieha (18 September 1803–1 September 1878), sometimes written as Leon Sapiega, was a Galician noble (''szlachcic'') and statesman. Biography Leon was born and educated in Warsaw, and studied law and economics in Paris and Edinburgh from 1820 to 1824. He began to work in the administration in the Polish (Congress) Kingdom. After the outbreak of the November Uprising in 1830, he left Russian Empire and took part in diplomatic missions of the Polish National Government in France and Great Britain. After that, he returned and participated in the Uprising in the rank of an Artillery Captain, among others in the defence of Warsaw on 6 and 7 September. He was awarded for that the Virtuti Militari Order. After the collapse of the Uprising he settled in Galicia, then part of the Austrian Empire. In 1835 Russian authorities confiscated his estates in Congress Poland as punishment for his participation in the failed Uprising. Leon Sapieha was one of the leaders of the Ruthenia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Rudolf, Count Chotek Of Chotkow And Wognin
Johann Rudolf, Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin (; 18 May 174826 August 1824) was an Austrian Empire, Austrian finance minister and government president (Gubernialpräsident) in the Kingdom of Bohemia. Early life Johann Rudolf was born at Vienna, Habsburg monarchy, the only son of Johann Karl, Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin (1704–1787) and Countess Anna Maria Kottulinsky of Kottulin and Krzizkowitz (1711–1798). Career In 1770, he served in the Lower Austria, Lower Austrian government, and in 1776 he was Councilor at the chancellery. In 1788, he allegedly resigned on account of his health, but in fact did so because of his poor relationship with the Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph II.Chotek John Rud. Graf. ''In: Austrian Biographical Dictionary 1815-1950 (ABL). Volume 1'', published by the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1957, p. 146. Under the reign of Joseph II's successor Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, Leopold II, in 1790 he was appo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chotek Family
The Chotek family was an old and influential Czech noble family in the Kingdom of Bohemia, whose members occupied many important positions within the Holy Roman Empire and later in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. History The family is first documented in the 14th century when Miloslav, his wife Wele and their son Wenlynus are mentioned as masters of the Chockov estate near Radnice in the Plzeň Region. The uninterrupted lineage of the family starts with Otto Chotek of Chockov and Liblín. In the late 16th century, Václav Chotek took the name of Chotkov and Wognin, while his older brother Adam Chotek retained the name of Chockov and Liblín. In 1685, the coat of arms of the Chotek family was joined with the coat of arms of the extinct '' Charwat von Bärnstein'' family. On 6 February 1702, Václav Antonín Chotek of Chotkov and Vojnín was elevated to the rank of Bohemian lord (). On 13 May 1743 in Laxenburg, he was awarded the title of Count (''Graf'', ''hrabě'') in B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Joseph, 3rd Prince Of Clary-Aldringen
Karel Josef von Clary und Aldringen (12 December 1777 – 31 May 1831) was an Austro-Hungarian prince. Early life Karel Josef was born on 12 December 1777 in Vienna, Austria. He was the son of Johann Nepomuk, 2nd Prince of Clary-Aldringen (1753–1826), and Princess Marie Christine Leopoldine de Ligne (1757–1830). His younger brother was Count Franz Moritz Joseph Mathaeus von Clary und Aldringen, who never married. His paternal grandparents were Franz Wenzel, 1st Prince of Clary-Aldringen, and Maria Franziska Josepha von Hohenzollern-Hechingen (a daughter of Count Herman Frederik von Hohenzollern-Hechingen and, his second wife, Countess Maria Josepha of Oettingen-Spielberg). His maternal grandparents were Charles-Joseph, 7th Prince of Ligne, and Princess ''Franziska'' Xaveria Maria von Liechtenstein (a daughter of Prince Emanuel of Liechtenstein). His maternal grandmother, Princess Franziska, was the elder sister of the reigning Prince, Franz Joseph I, Prince of Liechtenste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander II Of Russia
Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until Assassination of Alexander II of Russia, his assassination in 1881. Alexander's most significant reform as emperor was the emancipation reform of 1861, emancipation of Serfdom in Russia, Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator ( rus, Алекса́ндр Освободи́тель, r=Aleksándr Osvobodítel, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ɐsvəbɐˈdʲitʲɪlʲ). The tsar was responsible for other Liberalism, liberal reforms, including reorganizing the judicial system, setting up elected local judges, abolishing corporal punishment, promoting local self-government through the ''zemstvo'' system, imposing universal military service, ending some privileges of the nobility, and promot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George I Of Great Britain
George I (George Louis; ; 28 May 1660 – 11 June 1727) was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland, Ireland from 1 August 1714 and ruler of the Electorate of Hanover within the Holy Roman Empire from 23 January 1698 until his death in 1727. He was the first British monarch of the House of Hanover. Born in Hanover to Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover, Ernest Augustus and Sophia of Hanover, George inherited the titles and lands of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg from his father and uncles. In 1682, he married his cousin Sophia Dorothea of Celle, with whom he had two children; he also had three daughters with his mistress Melusine von der Schulenburg. George and Sophia Dorothea divorced in 1694. A succession of European wars expanded George's German domains during his lifetime; he was ratified as prince-elector of Hanover in 1708. As the senior Protestant descendant of his great-grandfather James VI and I, George inherited the British throne following the deaths in 1714 of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick William I Of Prussia
Frederick William I (; 14 August 1688 – 31 May 1740), known as the Soldier King (), was King in Prussia and Elector of Brandenburg from 1713 until his death in 1740, as well as Prince of Neuchâtel. Born in Berlin, he was raised by the Huguenot governess Marthe de Roucoulle. His political awakening occurred during the Great Northern War's plague outbreak in Prussia, leading to his challenge against corruption and inefficiency in government. He initiated reforms, especially in the military, doubling the Prussian Army and increased the officer corps to 3,000. A believer in absolute monarchy, he focused on state development and financial reorganization, imposing taxes and stringent regulations on public servants. He made efforts to reduce crime and centralized his authority during his 27 years' reign, cementing Prussia as a regional power. Despite his effective rule, he had a harsh nature, exacerbated by his health issues. He engaged in colonial affairs, but prioritized militar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick The Great
Frederick II (; 24 January 171217 August 1786) was the monarch of Prussia from 1740 until his death in 1786. He was the last Hohenzollern monarch titled ''King in Prussia'', declaring himself ''King of Prussia'' after annexing Royal Prussia from the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772. His most significant accomplishments include military successes in the Silesian Wars, Silesian wars, reorganisation of the Prussian Army, the First Partition of Poland, and patronage of the arts and the Enlightenment. Prussia greatly increased its territories and became a major military power in Europe under his rule. He became known as Frederick the Great () and was nicknamed "Old Fritz" (). In his youth, Frederick was more interested in music and philosophy than war, which led to clashes with his authoritarian father, Frederick William I of Prussia. However, upon ascending to the throne, he attacked and annexed the rich Habsburg monarchy, Austrian province of Silesia in 1742, winning mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Augustus Ferdinand Of Prussia
Prince Augustus Ferdinand of Prussia (; 23 May 1730 – 2 May 1813) was a Prussian prince and general, as well as ''Herrenmeister'' ("Master of the Knights") of the Bailiwick of Brandenburg of the Order of Saint John. He belonged to the House of Hohenzollern, and was the youngest son of Frederick William I of Prussia by his wife, Queen Sophia Dorothea. Life He was the youngest child of King Frederick William I of Prussia and his wife Sophia Dorothea of Hanover. He was also a younger brother of King Frederick the Great (Frederick II of Prussia), Queen Louisa Ulrika of Sweden, and Wilhelmine Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth. Already at the age of 5, he joined the Infantry regiment „Kronprinz“. In 1740, his brother named him commander of Infantry regiment Nr 34. In 1756, he became Major General and accompanied his brother the King on his campaigns in Saxony, Bohemia, and Silesia. He fought in the Battle of Breslau and the Battle of Leuthen. But in 1758, bad health forc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margravine Elisabeth Louise Of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Princess and Margravine Anna Elisabeth Louise of Brandenburg-Schwedt (; 22 April 1738 – 10 February 1820) was a Prussian princess by marriage to her uncle Prince Augustus Ferdinand of Prussia. She was a daughter of Margrave Frederick William of Brandenburg-Schwedt and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia. Early life Anna Elisabeth Louise was one of five children born to Margrave Frederick William of Brandenburg-Schwedt and Sophia Dorothea of Prussia. Her siblings included Sophia Dorothea, Duchess of Württemberg, and Philippine, Landgravine of Hesse-Cassel. Her father was a son of Philip William, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt and Princess Johanna Charlotte of Anhalt-Dessau. Her mother was a daughter of Frederick William I of Prussia and Sophia Dorothea of Hanover. Through her mother, Anna Elisabeth Louise was a niece of Frederick the Great. Princess of Prussia On 27 September 1755 in Charlottenburg Palace, Berlin, Anna Elisabeth Louise married her uncle Princ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
