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Birna Arnbjörnsdóttir
Birna Arnbjörnsdóttir (born 1952) is an Icelandic linguist. She is professor of second language studies at the University of Iceland, director of the Vigdís Finnbogadóttir Institute of Foreign Languages and dean of the Faculty of Languages and Cultures. Early life and education Birna Arnbjörnsdóttir was born in 1952. Her parents, Arnbjörn Ólafsson (1922–2001) and Erna Vigfúsdóttir (1929–2019), were merchants in Keflavík, Iceland, where she was raised. Birna completed a Bachelor of Arts degree in English and French from the University of Iceland in 1976, a Master of Arts degree from the University of Reading in England in 1977, and a PhD in linguistics from the University of Texas at Austin in 1990. Professional career From 1988 to 2000, Birna was assistant professor and later associate professor and director of TESL at Notre Dame College in New Hampshire and taught linguistics and English writing at the University of New Hampshire, University of Southern Maine and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Iceland
The University of Iceland ( ) is a public research university in Reykjavík, Iceland, and the country's oldest and largest institution of higher education. Founded in 1911, it has grown steadily from a small civil servants' school to a modern comprehensive university, providing instruction for about 14,000 students in twenty-five faculties. Teaching and research is conducted in social sciences, humanities, law, medicine, natural sciences, engineering and teacher education. It has a campus concentrated around ''Suðurgata'', a street in central Reykjavík, with additional facilities located in nearby areas as well as in the countryside. History The University of Iceland was founded by the on 17 June 1911, uniting three former post-secondary institutions: ''Prestaskólinn'', ''Læknaskólinn'' and ''Lagaskólinn'', which taught theology, medicine and law, respectively. The university originally had only faculties for these three fields, in addition to a faculty of humanities. D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second-language Acquisition
Second-language acquisition (SLA), sometimes called second-language learning—otherwise referred to as L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process of learning a language other than one's native language (L1). SLA research examines how learners develop their knowledge of second language, focusing on concepts like ''interlanguage'', a transitional linguistic system with its own rules that evolves as learners acquire the target language. SLA research spans cognitive, social, and linguistic perspectives. Cognitive approaches investigate memory and attention processes; sociocultural theories emphasize the role of social interaction and immersion; and linguistic studies examine the innate and learned aspects of language. Individual factors like age, motivation, and personality also influence SLA, as seen in discussions on the critical period hypothesis and learning strategies. In addition to acquisition, SLA explores language loss, or second-language attrition, and the impact of f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National And University Library Of Iceland
( Icelandic: ; English: ''The National and University Library of Iceland'') is the national library of Iceland which also functions as the university library of the University of Iceland. The library was established on 1 December 1994 in Reykjavík, Iceland, with the merger of the former national library, Landsbókasafn Íslands (est. 1818), and the university library (formally est. 1940). It is the largest library in Iceland with about one million items in various collections. The library's largest collection is the national collection containing almost all written works published in Iceland and items related to Iceland published elsewhere. The library is the main legal deposit library in Iceland. The library also has a large manuscript collection with mostly early modern and modern manuscripts, and a collection of published Icelandic music and other audio (legal deposit since 1977). The library houses the largest academic collection in Iceland, most of which can be borrowed fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TESOL International Association
TESOL International Association, formerly Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, is the largest professional organization for teachers of English as a second or foreign language. It was founded in 1966 and is based in Alexandria, Virginia Alexandria is an independent city (United States), independent city in Northern Virginia, United States. It lies on the western bank of the Potomac River approximately south of Washington, D.C., D.C. The city's population of 159,467 at the 2020 ..., in the United States. As of 2018, it had 10,113 members worldwide and was affiliated with 109 language education organizations, just over half of which were based outside the United States. TESOL's total number of members, including those of affiliate organizations, was around 44,000. TESOL publishes two peer-reviewed academic journals the '' TESOL Quarterly'' and the '' TESOL Journal''. During the summer, the organization holds professional development seminars called "TESOL Academie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Technology
Language technology, often called human language technology (HLT), studies methods of how computer programs or electronic devices can analyze, produce, modify or respond to human texts and speech. Working with language technology often requires broad knowledge not only about linguistics but also about computer science. It consists of natural language processing (NLP) and computational linguistics (CL) on the one hand, many application oriented aspects of these, and more low-level aspects such as encoding and speech technology on the other hand. Note that these elementary aspects are normally not considered to be within the scope of related terms such as natural language processing Natural language processing (NLP) is a subfield of computer science and especially artificial intelligence. It is primarily concerned with providing computers with the ability to process data encoded in natural language and is thus closely related ... and (applied) computational linguistics, which are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Education, Science And Culture (Iceland)
The Ministry of Education and Children () is an Icelandic cabinet-level ministry founded 16 December 1942. The ministry is divided into three departments and four offices. The current Minister of Education and Children's Affairs is Ásmundur Einar Daðason. See also * Education and General Affairs Committee * Icelandic Centre for Research References External links * * 1942 establishments in Iceland Iceland Educational organizations based in Iceland Iceland Education, Science and Culture Culture of Iceland Iceland, Education, Science and Culture Iceland Iceland is a Nordic countries, Nordic island country between the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between North America and Europe. It is culturally and politically linked with Europe and is the regi ... Science and technology in Iceland {{iceland-poli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Springer Publishing
Springer Publishing Company is an American publishing company of academic journals and books, focusing on the fields of nursing, gerontology, psychology, social work, counseling, public health, and rehabilitation (neuropsychology). It was established in 1951 by Bernhard Springer, a great-grandson of Julius Springer, and is based in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. History Springer Publishing Company was founded in 1950 by Bernhard Springer, the Berlin-born great-grandson of Julius Springer, who founded Springer Science+Business Media, Springer-Verlag (now Springer Science+Business Media). Springer Publishing's first landmark publications included ''Livestock Health Encyclopedia'' by R. Seiden and the 1952 ''Handbook of Cardiology for Nurses''. The company's books soon branched into other fields, including medicine and psychology. Nursing publications grew rapidly in number, as Modell's ''Drugs in Current Use'', a small annual paperback, sold over 150,000 copies over several edi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hafdís Ingvarsdóttir
Hafdís Ingvarsdóttir is a professor emeritus in education at the University of Iceland. Professional experience Hafdís Ingvarsdóttir completed her matriculation examination from Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík (Junior College in Reykjavik) (1964), and obtained her teaching certificate at Iceland University of Education (1965). She holds a BA in Danish and History from the University of Iceland (1968). In addition to her BA studies, she taught at Hagaskóli in Reykjavik. She later pursued graduate studies in Danish and literature at the University of Copenhagen (1969–1971). After completing her studies, she returned to teaching at Hagaskóli where she taught until 1981. She also taught at the Commercial College of Iceland, holding a full-time position there until 1988. She then began working at the University of Iceland, initially as adjunct teacher and teaching director. In 1997, she was appointed as an assistant professor. She holds a master's degree in Education from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Icelandic Centre For Research
The Icelandic Centre for Research (RANNÍS; Icelandic: Rannsóknamiðstöð Íslands) funds and promotes scientific research in Iceland. It formed in 2003 through an act of legislation. As of April 1 2022, the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovation oversees its activities. It operates from headquarters in Borgartún 30 in Reykjavík. RANNÍS cooperates closely with the Icelandic Science and Technology Policy Council and provides professional assistance in the preparation and implementation of the national science and technology policy. RANNÍS administers competitive funds in the fields of research, innovation, education and culture, as well as strategic research programmes. RANNÍS coordinates and promotes Icelandic participation in European programmes such, as Horizon Europe in the fields of research and innovation, Erasmus+ in the fields of education, training, youth and sport, and Creative Europe in the fields of culture and audiovisual media. In addition, RANN ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janne Bondi Johannessen
Janne Bondi Johannessen (1 August 1960 – 15 June 2020) was a Norwegian linguist. She was born in Asker. Having initially dropped out of secondary school to pursue another path, she finished examen artium and became interested in linguistics when learning Greek. Johannessen graduated from the University of Oslo with the cand.philol. degree in 1988. In 1993 she became managing director of the Text Laboratory at the University of Oslo, and the following year she completed her doctoral thesis for the dr.philos. degree. Her thesis about syntactic coordination was published by Oxford University Press. She held the rank of professor at the University of Oslo while managing the Text Laboratory throughout her career. Eventually, her research was connected with the center of excellence Multilingualism in Society Across the Lifespan. She published 130 academic articles and wrote two books. She served as president of the Northern European Association for Language Technology and was indu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Manitoba Press
The University of Manitoba Press (UMP) is an academic publishing house based at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg. Founded in 1967, the UMP is the first university press in western Canada. Publishing 12 to 14 books a year, UMP is regarded as a leading publisher of books with a focus on Indigenous history, Indigenous studies, and Canadiana. Editorially, the Press has given focus to such subjects as the Arctic and the North; ethnic and immigration studies; Indigenous languages; Canadian literary studies (especially Indigenous literature); and environmental, land use, and food studies. Organization Its distribution is handled by UTP Distribution in Canada; Michigan State University Press in the US; and Eurospan Group internationally (EMEA, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Caribbean).UMP Spring 2021 catalogue Retrieved 2021 Febr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flámæli
Slanted speech ( (; also and ) was a sound change which was widespread in the first half of the 20th century in Iceland, especially in the West and South. The vowels and (written or and respectively) were lowered so that (, ) was pronounced (as if written ) and (, a kind of yogurt) as (like ), while the vowels ''e'' and ''ö'' were raised such that (, ) sounded like (as if ) and (, ) as (as if ). This sound change was thought to be very ugly and called (). It was prominent from 1940 in the speech of people from the Southwest and the Eastfjords, but also in the North and in Húnavatnssýsla. A special campaign was carried out during 1940–1960 in primary schools to eliminate flámæli. RÚV and Þjóðleikhúsið enforced a policy that the so-called phonological error would not be allowed. In 1929 42% of children in Reykjavík spoke with flámæli but by 1960 it had been eradicated among children. See also * Dialect * Linguistic purism * Sound change In hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
