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Beth-diblathaim
Almon Diblathaimah () was one of the places the Israelites stopped at during the Exodus. By the name "Almon Diblathaimah" it is referred to only in Numbers 33:46 and 47, in a list of stopping-points during the Exodus. It is usually considered the same place as Beth-diblathaim of Jeremiah 48:22, mentioned in the oracle against Moab.". . . apparently the same as Beth-Diblathaim." The suffix- he may be read as a locative, for "Almon toward-Diblathaim," in support of which is the Mesha Stele's ". ובת . דבלתן , ובת . בעלמען, ''and beth-Diblathan and beth-Baal-M'on''" and Jeremiah's mention of "Beth-diblathaim . . . and beth-M'on". Baal M'on (Baalmon in some versions) is orthographically identical to the "in Almon" of MT Num. 33:46, and the Peshitta reads Baal M'on in Numbers 33, which suggests the reading "Baalmon toward-Diblathaim". The Talmud agrees that the final he is a locative suffix:For it was taught: Nehemiah says, "Every word which requires a lamed-prefix .e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israelite
Israelites were a Hebrew language, Hebrew-speaking ethnoreligious group, consisting of tribes that lived in Canaan during the Iron Age. Modern scholarship describes the Israelites as emerging from indigenous Canaanites, Canaanite populations and other peoples.Mark Smith in "The Early History of God: Yahweh and Other Deities of Ancient Israel" states "Despite the long regnant model that the Canaanites and Israelites were people of fundamentally different culture, archaeological data now casts doubt on this view. The material culture of the region exhibits numerous common points between Israelites and Canaanites in the Iron I period (c. 1200–1000 BCE). The record would suggest that the Israelite culture largely overlapped with and derived from Canaanite culture ... In short, Israelite culture was largely Canaanite in nature. Given the information available, one cannot maintain a radical cultural separation between Canaanites and Israelites for the Iron I period." (pp. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saul Lieberman
Saul Lieberman (; May 28, 1898 – March 23, 1983), also known as Rabbi Shaul Lieberman or, among some of his students, the ''Gra״sh'' (''Gaon Rabbeinu Shaul''), was a rabbi and a Talmudic scholar. He served as Professor of Talmud at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America (JTSA) for over 40 years, and for many years was dean of the Harry Fischel Institute for Talmudic Research in Israel and also president of the American Academy for Jewish Research. Early life Born in Motal, near Pinsk in the Russian Empire (now Belarus), he studied at the Orthodox yeshivot of Malch, Slobodka, and Novardok, where, at age 18, he received his semikha (rabbinic ordination). While studying at the Slobodka yeshiva, he befriended Yaakov Yitzchok Ruderman and Yitzchak Hutner, both of whom would become leaders of great seminaries in America. In the 1920s, he attended the Kyiv Gymnasium and University of Kyiv. Following a short stay in Palestine, he continued his studies in France. In 1928, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fig-cake (fruit)
A fig cake, or cake of figs, is a mass or lump of dried and compressed figs, usually formed by a mold into a round or square block for storage, or for selling in the marketplace for human consumption. The fig cake is not a literal cake made as a pastry with a dough batter, but rather a thick and often hardened paste of dried and pressed figs made into a loaf, sold by weight and eaten as a snack or dessert food in Mediterranean countries and throughout the Near East. It is named "cake" only for its compacted shape when several are pounded and pressed together in a mold. Historical references Fig cakes have historically been used as food in ancient times. The Hebrew Bible mentions the food ''dveláh'' () in several places: Then Abigail made haste and took two hundred loaves f bread and two bottles of wine... and an hundred clusters of raisins and two hundred cakes of figs (), etc. (1 Samuel 25:18) And they gave him a piece of a cake of figs (), and two clusters of raisins, etc. ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Septuagint
The Septuagint ( ), sometimes referred to as the Greek Old Testament or The Translation of the Seventy (), and abbreviated as LXX, is the earliest extant Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible from the original Biblical Hebrew. The full Greek title derives from the story recorded in the Letter of Aristeas to Philocrates that "the laws of the Jews" were translated into Koine Greek, the Greek language at the request of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (285–247 BC) by seventy-two Hebrew sofer, translators—six from each of the Twelve Tribes of Israel.Megillah (Talmud), Tractate Megillah 9](9a)/ref>Soferim (Talmud), Tractate Soferim 1](1:7-8)/ref> Textual criticism, Biblical scholars agree that the Torah, first five books of the Hebrew Bible were translated from Biblical Hebrew into Koine Greek by Jews living in the Ptolemaic Kingdom, centred on the History of the Jews in Alexandria, large community in Alexandria, probably in the early or middle part of the 3rd century BC. The remainin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mizraim
Mizraim (; cf. ) is the Hebrew and Aramaic name for the land of Egypt and its people. Mizraim - king of Egypt Linguistic analysis '' Mizraim'' is the Hebrew cognate of a common Semitic source word for the land now known as Egypt. It is similar to '' Miṣr'' in modern Arabic, '' Misri'' in the 14th century B.C. Akkadian Amarna tablets, '' Mṣrm'' in Ugaritic, ''Mizraim'' in Neo-Babylonian texts, and ''Mu-ṣur'' in neo-Assyrian Akkadian (as seen on the Rassam cylinder). To this root is appended the dual suffix ''-āyim'', perhaps referring to the "two Egypts": Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. This word is similar in pronunciation and spelling to the Hebrew words '' matsór'' and '' meitsár'', meaning literally "siege" and " strait, distress" respectively, and may carry those connotations to Hebrew speakers. Biblical accounts According to Genesis 10, Mizraim, son of Ham was the younger brother of Cush and elder brother of Phut whose families together made up the Hamite bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahanaim
Mahanaim ( ''Maḥănayīm'', "camps") is a place mentioned a number of times by the Bible said to be near Jabbok, in the same general area as Jabesh-gilead, beyond the Jordan River. Although two possible sites have been identified, the precise location of Mahanaim is uncertain. Tell edh-Dhahab el-Gharbi, the western one of the twin Tulul adh-Dhahab tells, is one proposed identification. Biblical narrative In the Biblical narrative, the first mentioned of Mahanaim occurs in the Book of Genesis as the place where Jacob, returning from Padan-aram to southern Canaan, had a vision of angels (). Believing it to be "God's camp", Jacob names the place Mahanaim (Hebrew for "Two Camps", or "Two Companies") to memorialize the occasion of his own company sharing the place with God's. Later in the story, Jacob is moved by fear at the approach of his brother Esau (whom he has reason to fear) and as a result divided his retinue into ''two hosts'' (two companies), hence the town built on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elim (place)
Elim (), according to the Hebrew Bible, was one of the places where the Israelites camped following the Exodus from Egypt. It is referred to in Exodus 15:27 and Numbers 33:9 as a place where "there were twelve wells of water and seventy date palms," and that the Israelites "camped there near the waters". From the information that can be gleaned from Exodus 15:23, 16:1, and Numbers 33:9-11, Elim is described as being between Mara and the Wilderness of Sin near the eastern shore of the Red Sea. It was possibly south of the Israelites' crossing point, and to the west of the Wilderness. Thus, Elim is generally thought to have been located in Wadi Gharandel, an oasis 100 km southeast of Suez. Professor Menashe Har-El of Tel Aviv University (1968) has proposed Elim to be the ʿUyūn Mūsa "springs of Moses", now in South Sinai Governorate, Egypt. He noted that in 1907, the geologist Thomas Barron had observed that twelve springs existed at this site along with date palms. Professor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rabbi Ishmael
Rabbi Yishmael ben Elisha Nachmani (Hebrew: רבי ישמעאל בן אלישע), often known as Rabbi Yishmael and sometimes given the title "Ba'al HaBaraita" (Hebrew: בעל הברייתא, “Master of the Outside Teaching”), was a rabbi of the 1st and 2nd centuries (third generation of tannaim) CE. Life He was a descendant of a wealthy priestly family in Upper Galilee. His year of birth was 90 CE. He was captured by the Romans as a young boy, but redeemed by R' Joshua ben Hananiah. R' Nehunya ben HaKanah became his teacher, and he remained a close colleague of Rabbi Joshua. He is likely the grandson of the high priest of the same name. He lived in Kfar Aziz, south of Hebron. Some suppose that he was among the martyrs of Betar. The more generally received opinion, however, is that one of the martyrs was a namesake (Rabbi Ishmael's death is mentioned in '' Nedarim'' 9:10). ''Jewish Encyclopedia'' bibliography: *Bacher, ' i. 210 et seq.; * Brüll, ''Mebo ha-Mishnah'', i. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamedh
Lamedh or lamed is the twelfth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Hebrew ''lāmeḏ'' , Aramaic ''lāmaḏ'' 𐡋, Syriac ''lāmaḏ'' ܠ, Arabic ''lām'' , and Phoenician ''lāmd'' 𐤋. Its sound value is . It is also related to the Ancient North Arabian 𐪁, South Arabian , and Ge'ez . The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Lambda (Λ), Latin L, and Cyrillic El (Л). Origin The letter is usually considered to have originated from the representation of an ox-goad, i.e. a cattle prod, or a shepherd's crook, i.e. a pastoral staff. In Proto-Semitic a goad was called *''lamed''-. Arabic lām The letter is named لام . Orthography Its form depends on its position in the word: Grammatical functions has functions as a grammatical particle when used as a prefix: * Prepositional () * of ownership () * of association () * of purpose () * of absolute negation () * Imperative () * of affirmative emphasis () (, ) is essentially a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rabbi Nehemiah
Rabbi Nehemiah was a rabbi who lived circa 150 AD (fourth generation of tannaim). He was one of the great students of Rabbi Akiva, and one of the rabbis who received semicha from R' Judah ben Baba The Talmud equated R' Nechemiah with Rabbi Nehorai: "His name was not Rabbi Nehorai, but Rabbi Meir." His son, R' Yehudah BeRabi Nechemiah, studied before Rabbi Tarfon, but died at a young age after damaging R' Tarfon's honor, after R' Akiva predicted his death. Teachings In the Talmud, all anonymous sayings in the Tosefta are attributed to R' Nechemiah. However, Sherira Gaon said that this does not mean they were said by R' Nechemiah, but that the laws in question were transmitted by R' Nechemiah. In the Talmud, many times he disagrees with R' Judah bar Ilai on matters of halacha. He is attributed as the author of the '' Mishnat ha-Middot'' (ca. AD 150), making it the earliest known Hebrew text on geometry, although some historians assign the text to a later period by an unknown ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yechezkel Kutscher
Edward Yechezkel Kutscher or Yechezkel Kutscher (; 1 June 1909 – 12 December 1971) was an Israeli philologist and Hebrew linguist. Biography Kutscher was born in 1909 in Topoľčany, Slovakia, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He studied at the yeshiva in his home town and, later, in Frankfurt. In 1931 he emigrated to Mandatory Palestine and continued with his studies at the Mercaz HaRav Yeshiva and at a Mizrachi Movement teachers seminary. For several years subsequently, he taught at various schools in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. In 1941, he completed his studies in Hebrew linguistics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and, in 1949, began lecturing in linguistics at the Hebrew University, which he continued to do until his death. In 1960 he was appointed a professor. In 1958 he also started lecturing at Bar-Ilan University. For many years Kutscher was a member of the Academy of the Hebrew Language and its predecessor, the Hebrew Language Committee (Vaʻad ha-lashon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Geiger
Abraham Geiger (Hebrew: ''ʼAvrāhām Gayger''; 24 May 181023 October 1874) was a German rabbi and scholar who is considered the founding father of Reform Judaism and the academic field of Quranic studies. Emphasizing Judaism's constant development through its history and universalist traits, Geiger sought to re-formulate received forms and design what he regarded as a religion compliant with modern times. Biography As a child, Geiger started doubting the traditional understanding of Judaism when his studies in classical history seemed to contradict the biblical claims of divine authority. At the age of seventeen, he began writing his first work, a comparison between the legal style of the Mishnah and Biblical and Talmudic law. He also worked on a dictionary of Mishnaic (Rabbinic) Hebrew. Geiger's friends provided him with financial assistance which enabled him to attend the University in Heidelberg, to the great disappointment of his family. His main focus was centered on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
