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Behavioral Addiction
Behavioral addiction, process addiction, or non-substance-related disorder is a form of addiction that involves a compulsive behavior, compulsion to engage in a rewarding non-Chemical substance, substance-related behavior – sometimes called a natural reward – despite any negative consequences to the person's physical, mental, social or financial well-being. In the brain's reward system, a gene transcription factor known as ΔFosB has been identified as a necessary common factor involved in both behavioral and drug addictions, which are associated with the same set of neural adaptations. Addiction canonically refers to substance abuse; however, the term's connotation has been expanded to include behaviors that may lead to a reward (such as gambling, eating, or shopping) since the 1990s. Still, the framework to diagnose and categorize behavioral addiction is a controversial topic in the psychopathology field. Psychiatric and medical classifications ''Diagnostic and Statistical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Addiction
Addiction is a neuropsychological disorder characterized by a persistent and intense urge to use a drug or engage in a behavior that produces natural reward, despite substantial harm and other negative consequences. Repetitive drug use can alter brain function in synapses similar to natural rewards like food or falling in love in ways that perpetuate craving and weakens self-control for people with pre-existing vulnerabilities. This phenomenon – drugs reshaping brain function – has led to an understanding of addiction as a brain disorder with a complex variety of psychosocial as well as neurobiological factors that are implicated in the development of addiction. While mice given cocaine showed the compulsive and involuntary nature of addiction, for humans this is more complex, related to behavior or personality traits. Classic signs of addiction include compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli, ''preoccupation'' with substances or behavior, and continued use des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substance Use Disorder
Substance use disorder (SUD) is the persistent use of drugs despite substantial harm and adverse consequences to self and others. Related terms include ''substance use problems'' and ''problematic drug or alcohol use''. Along with substance-induced disorders (SID) they are encompassed in the category substance-related disorders. Substance use disorders vary with regard to the average age of onset. It is not uncommon for those who have SUD to also have other mental health disorders. Substance use disorders are characterized by an array of mental, emotional, physical, and behavioral problems such as chronic guilt; an inability to reduce or stop consuming the substance(s) despite repeated attempts; operating vehicles while intoxicated; and physiological withdrawal symptoms. Drug classes that are commonly involved in SUD include: alcohol (alcoholism); cannabis; opioids; stimulants such as nicotine (including tobacco), cocaine and amphetamines; benzodiazepines; barbiturates; a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gambling
Gambling (also known as betting or gaming) is the wagering of something of Value (economics), value ("the stakes") on a Event (probability theory), random event with the intent of winning something else of value, where instances of strategy (game theory), strategy are discounted. Gambling thus requires three elements to be present: consideration (an amount wagered), risk (chance), and a prize. The outcome of the wager is often immediate, such as a single roll of dice, a spin of a roulette wheel, or a horse crossing the finish line, but longer time frames are also common, allowing wagers on the outcome of a future sports contest or even an entire sports season. The term "gaming" in this context typically refers to instances in which the activity has been specifically permitted by law. The two words are not mutually exclusive; ''i.e.'', a "gaming" company offers (legal) "gambling" activities to the public and may be regulated by one of many gaming control boards, for example, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Behavioral Addiction
Behavioral addiction, process addiction, or non-substance-related disorder is a form of addiction that involves a compulsive behavior, compulsion to engage in a rewarding non-Chemical substance, substance-related behavior – sometimes called a natural reward – despite any negative consequences to the person's physical, mental, social or financial well-being. In the brain's reward system, a gene transcription factor known as ΔFosB has been identified as a necessary common factor involved in both behavioral and drug addictions, which are associated with the same set of neural adaptations. Addiction canonically refers to substance abuse; however, the term's connotation has been expanded to include behaviors that may lead to a reward (such as gambling, eating, or shopping) since the 1990s. Still, the framework to diagnose and categorize behavioral addiction is a controversial topic in the psychopathology field. Psychiatric and medical classifications ''Diagnostic and Statistical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substance Dependence
Substance dependence, also known as drug dependence, is a biopsychological situation whereby an individual's functionality is dependent on the necessitated re-consumption of a psychoactive substance because of an adaptive state that has developed within the individual from psychoactive substance consumption that results in the experience of withdrawal and that necessitates the re-consumption of the drug. A ''drug addiction'', a distinct concept from substance dependence, is defined as compulsive, out-of-control drug use, despite negative consequences. An ''addictive drug'' is a drug which is both rewarding and reinforcing. ΔFosB, a gene transcription factor, is now known to be a critical component and common factor in the development of virtually all forms of behavioral and drug addictions, but not dependence. The International Classification of Diseases classifies substance dependence as a mental and behavioural disorder. In the ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press was the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted a letters patent by King Henry VIII in 1534, it was the oldest university press in the world. Cambridge University Press merged with Cambridge Assessment to form Cambridge University Press and Assessment under Queen Elizabeth II's approval in August 2021. With a global sales presence, publishing hubs, and offices in more than 40 countries, it published over 50,000 titles by authors from over 100 countries. Its publications include more than 420 academic journals, monographs, reference works, school and university textbooks, and English language teaching and learning publications. It also published Bibles, runs a bookshop in Cambridge, sells through Amazon, and has a conference venues business in Cambridge at the Pitt Building and the Sir Geoffrey Cass Sports and Social Centre. It also served as the King's Printer. Cambridge University Press, as part of the University of Cambridge, was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proceedings Of The Nutrition Society
''Proceedings of the Nutrition Society'' is one of the publications by The Nutrition Society and is a scientific research journal which focuses on "the scientific study of nutrition and its application to the maintenance of human and animal health". The journal was founded in 1944, merged with the '' British Journal of Nutrition'' in 1947, and was re-established in 1953. References English-language journals Bimonthly journals Nutrition and dietetics journals Nutrition in the United Kingdom Cambridge University Press academic journals Academic journals established in 1944 {{medical-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Of Behavioral Addictions
The Journal of Behavioral Addictions is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Akadémiai Kiadó (Budapest, Hungary). It publishes manuscripts on the different aspects of non-substance addictions and the addictive patterns of various behaviors. The current editor-in-chief is Zsolt Demetrovics ( University of Gibraltar). It was founded in 2011 by Eötvös Loránd University, and is a gold open access journal. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: * Science Citation Index Expanded * Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition * Journal Citation Reports/Social Sciences Edition * Social Sciences Citation Index * Current Contents®/Social and Behavioral Sciences * EBSCO * Google Scholar * PsycINFO * PubMed Central * Scopus * MEDLINE * CABI According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 7.772, and is ranked 26 (out of 155) in the category of Psychiatry journals (Science Citation Index Expanded Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Food Addiction
A food addiction or eating addiction is any behavioral addiction characterized primarily by the compulsive consumption of Palatability, palatable and Hyperpalatable food, hyperpalatable food items, and potentially also sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Such foods often have Added sugar, high sugar, fat, and salt contents (HFSS food, HFSS), and markedly activate the reward system in humans and other animals. Those with eating addictions often overconsume such foods despite the adverse consequences (such as Obesity, excess weight gain, diabetes, and heart disease) associated with their overconsumption. [Baidu] |
Compulsive Sexual Behaviour Disorder
Compulsive sexual behaviour disorder (CSBD), is a psychiatric disorder which manifests as a pattern of behavior involving intense preoccupation with sexual fantasies and behaviours that cause significant levels of mental distress, cannot be voluntarily curtailed, and risk or cause harm to oneself or others.Herron, Abigail J., Brennan, Tim K. eds. ''ASAM Essentials of Addiction Medicine, The''. 3rd Edition. Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. This disorder can also cause impairment in social, occupational, personal, or other important functions. CSBD is not an addiction, and is typically used to describe behaviour, rather than "sexual addiction". CSBD is recognised by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an impulse-control disorder in the ICD-11. In contrast, the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) DSM-5 does not recognise CSBD as a standalone diagnosis. CSBD was proposed as a diagnosis for inclusion in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exercise Addiction
Exercise addiction is a state characterized by a compulsive engagement in any form of physical exercise, despite negative consequences. While regular exercise is generally a healthy activity, exercise addiction generally involves performing excessive amounts of exercise to the detriment of physical health, spending too much time exercising to the detriment of personal and professional life, and exercising regardless of physical injury. It may also involve a state of dependence upon regular exercise which involves the occurrence of severe withdrawal symptoms when the individual is unable to exercise. Differentiating between addictive and healthy exercise behaviors is difficult but there are key factors in determining which category a person may fall into. Exercise addiction shows a high comorbidity with eating disorders. Exercise addiction is not listed as a disorder in the fourth revision of the ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (DSM-IV). This type of addi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Workaholic
A workaholic is a person who works Compulsive behavior, compulsively. A workaholic experiences an inability to limit the amount of time they spend on work despite negative consequences such as damage to their relationships or health. There is no generally accepted medical definition of this condition, although some forms of Stress (medicine), stress, impulse control disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder can be work-related; ergomania is defined as "excessive devotion to work especially as a symptom of mental illness". The phenomenon of hustle culture, while disregarding healthy work–life balance, may exacerbate workaholism. Etymology The word itself is a portmanteau, portmanteau word composed of ''Wage labour, work'' and ''alcoholic''. Its first known appearance, according to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', came in Canada in the ''Toronto Daily Star'' of April 5, 1947, page 6, with a punning allusion to Alcoholics Anonymous: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
