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Bayet, Allier
Bayet (; oc, Baiet) is a commune in the Allier department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of central France. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Bayétois'' or ''Bayétoises''. Geography Bayet is located some south of Moulins and north-west of Vichy. Access to the commune is by the D2009 (former N9) road from Saint-Pourçain-sur-Sioule in the north which passes through the commune east of the village and continues south to Le Mayet-d'École. The D6 branches off the D2009 in the commune and goes south-east to Saint-Didier-la-Forêt. Access to the village is by the D406 which branches off the D2009 in the commune and goes south-west to the village changing to the D519. The D183 goes south from the village to Barberier. The D219 comes from Chareil-Cintrat in the west and passes through the village before continuing east to join the D6. The D35 from Étroussat in the south-west to Saint-Pourcain-sur-Sioule passes through the west of the commune. Apart from the ...
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Communes Of France
The () is a level of administrative division in the French Republic. French are analogous to civil townships and incorporated municipalities in the United States and Canada, ' in Germany, ' in Italy, or ' in Spain. The United Kingdom's equivalent are civil parishes, although some areas, particularly urban areas, are unparished. are based on historical geographic communities or villages and are vested with significant powers to manage the populations and land of the geographic area covered. The are the fourth-level administrative divisions of France. vary widely in size and area, from large sprawling cities with millions of inhabitants like Paris, to small hamlets with only a handful of inhabitants. typically are based on pre-existing villages and facilitate local governance. All have names, but not all named geographic areas or groups of people residing together are ( or ), the difference residing in the lack of administrative powers. Except for the municipal arr ...
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Sioule
The Sioule (; oc, Siula) is a long river in central France, a left tributary of the river Allier. Its source is near the village of Orcival, north of Mont-Dore, in the Massif Central. The Sioule has cut a deep gorge, especially in its upper course. The Sioule flows generally northeast through the following departments and towns: * Puy-de-Dôme Puy-de-Dôme (; oc, label= Auvergnat, lo Puèi de Doma or ''lo Puèi Domat'') is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in the centre of France. In 2019, it had a population of 662,152.Pontgibaud * Allier: Ébreuil,
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Fourilles
Fourilles (; oc, Forilhas) is a commune in the Allier department in central France. Geography The river Bouble flows northeast through the northern part of the commune. Population See also *Communes of the Allier department The following is a list of the 317 communes of the Allier department of France. Intercommunalities The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Communes of Allier Allier communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia {{Allier-geo-stub ...
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Loriges
Loriges () is a commune in the Allier department in central France. Population See also * Communes of the Allier department The following is a list of the 317 communes of the Allier department of France. Intercommunalities The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Communes of Allier Allier communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia {{Allier-geo-stub ...
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Paray-sous-Briailles
Paray-sous-Briailles (; oc, Pareit de Bralhas) is a commune in the French department of Allier in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region; before 2016, it belonged to the Auvergne region. Paray-sous-Briailles is located in the '' arrondissement'' (eng. administrative region) of Moulins and the canton of Saint-Pourçain-sur-Sioule. Geography Paray-sous-Briailles lies about 35 kilometers south-southeast of Moulins and 23 kilometers north-northwest of Vichy on the Allier river, which borders the municipality from the east. Paray-sous-Briailles is bordered by the municipalities of Saint-Pourçain-sur-Sioule to the north and west, Varennes-sur-Allier to the north and east, Créchy to the southeast, Marcenat to the south, as well as Loriges to the south and southwest. Population Its residents are called ''Parodiens'' in French. See also *Communes of the Allier department Places of interest * Church of Saint-Julien from the 12th century * Castle A castle is a type of ...
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Communes Of The Allier Department
The following is a list of the 317 communes of the Allier department of France. Intercommunalities The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):BANATIC
Périmètre des EPCI à fiscalité propre. Accessed 3 July 2020.
* Communauté d'agglomération Montluçon Communauté (CAML) *Communauté d'agglomération Moulins Communauté (CAMO, partly) *Communauté d'agglomération
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ISO 50001
ISO 50001 Energy management systems - Requirements with guidance for use, is an international standard created by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It supports organizations in all sectors to use energy more efficiently through the development of an energy Management System. The standard specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and improving an energy management system, whose purpose is to enable an organization to follow a systematic approach in achieving continual improvement of energy performance, including energy efficiency, energy security, energy use and consumption. The standard aims to help organizations continually reduce their energy use, and therefore their energy costs and their greenhouse gas emissions. ISO 50001 was originally released by ISO in June 2011 and is suitable for any organization, whatever its size, sector or geographical location. The second edition, ISO 50001:2018 was released in August 2018. T ...
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Alpiq
Alpiq is a leading energy company in Switzerland and the largest energy service provider with focus on European markets. The company operates mainly in Switzerland, but it also has power stations in Italy, France, Norway, Hungary and the Czech Republic and building new ones in Germany, Italy, France, Bulgaria and the Czech Republic. The group was established in 2009 in Neuchâtel, Switzerland after the merger of two Swiss energy companies Aare-Tessin Ltd. for Electricity (Atel) and Energie Ouest Suisse (EOS). History Alpiq was founded in 2009 as a result of the merger of Swiss energy companies Atel and EOS. Atel (Aare-Tessin Ltd. for Electricity) was founded in 1894 and was active in Europe in the production, trading and sale of electricity. EOS (Energie Ouest Suisse) was founded in 1919 by several electricity companies based in Western Switzerland. The company was specialised in producing electric power from hydroelectric sources and owned many stations in the country. It also ha ...
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Combined Cycle
A combined cycle power plant is an assembly of heat engines that work in tandem from the same source of heat, converting it into mechanical energy. On land, when used to make electricity the most common type is called a combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plant. The same principle is also used for marine propulsion, where it is called a combined gas and steam (COGAS) plant. Combining two or more thermodynamic cycles improves overall efficiency, which reduces fuel costs. The principle is that after completing its cycle in the first engine, the working fluid (the exhaust) is still hot enough that a second subsequent heat engine can extract energy from the heat in the exhaust. Usually the heat passes through a heat exchanger so that the two engines can use different working fluids. By generating power from multiple streams of work, the overall efficiency can be increased by 50–60%. That is, from an overall efficiency of the system of say 34% for a simple cycle, to as much as ...
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Institut National De La Statistique Et Des études économiques
The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (french: link=no, Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques), abbreviated INSEE or Insee ( , ), is the national statistics bureau of France. It collects and publishes information about the French economy and people and carries out the periodic national census. Headquartered in Montrouge, a commune in the southern Parisian suburbs, it is the French branch of Eurostat. The INSEE was created in 1946 as a successor to the Vichy regime's National Statistics Service (SNS). It works in close cooperation with the Institut national d'études démographiques (INED). Purpose The INSEE is responsible for the production and analysis of official statistics in France. Its best known responsibilities include: * Organising and publishing the national census. * Producing various indices – which are widely recognised as being of excellent quality – including an inflation index used for determining the rate ...
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Mayor (France)
In France, a mayor (french: maire), ( Occitan: ''cònsol)'' is chairperson of the municipal council, which organises the work and deliberates on municipal matters. The mayor also has significant powers and their own responsibilities, such as the responsibility for the activities of municipal police and for the management of municipal staff. The officeholder is also the representative of the state in the commune. As such, the mayor is a civil officer of the State (''Officier d'état civil'') and judiciary police officer (''Officier de police judiciaire''). The term period of office for a mayor is six years. Elections History From 1789 to 1799 municipal officials (mayors) were directly elected for 2 years and re-elected by the active citizens of the commune with taxpayers contributing at least 3 days of work to the commune. Those who were eligible could instead pay a tax equivalent to not less than 10 days of work. In 1799 the constitution of 22 Frimaire year VIII (13 Decemb ...
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French Cartography
The history of French cartography can be traced to developments in the Middle Ages. This period was marked by improvements in measuring instruments and also by an upgrade of work in registers of all types. What is thought to be the oldest land map in Europe, the Saint-Bélec slab, representing an area of the Odet valley, was found in 1900, and rediscovered in a castle cellar in France in 2014. The Bronze-Age stone is thought to be 4,000-years old. The first map of France was drawn by Oronce Finé and printed in woodcuts in 1525. It testifies to the will of the political power to mark its presence on the territory; to affirm, to build limits, borders, to arrange its territory, and to consolidate the internal economic markets. In the 16th century, Dieppe appeared as an important school of cartography. Pierre Desceliers allowed the realization of many maps. At the same time, the Portolan maps of the Portuguese sailors had the most recent knowledge obtained by the Dieppois sailors ...
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