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Battle Of Samara Bend
The Battle of Samara Bend (), also known as the Battle of Kernek, was the first battle between the Volga Bulgaria and the Mongol Empire, which took place during the autumn of 1223 at the southern border of Volga Bulgaria. It is famous for being the first battle that the Mongol Horde lost. The battle began with the Bulgar forces retreating and the Mongols pursuing them, leading them successfully into a Bulgar ambush. The Bulgars counterattacked the Mongols, and drove them back. Background Timeline for the Expedition of Subutai and Jebe (the Mongol reconnaissance of the western steppes) • 12 January 1221 Muhammad II of Khwarazm dies on the run from the Mongols on the island of Abeskum during Genghiz Khan's destruction of the Khwarezmid Empire campaign • Genghiz Khan summons his general Subutai to Samarkand upon hearing the news of the Shah's death; Subutai gives a report on how best to defeat the new Shah, Jalal ad-Din (Muhammed's son); Subutai requests not to be part o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mongol Invasion Of Volga Bulgaria
The Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria lasted from 1223 to 1236. The Bulgar state, centered in lower Volga and Kama, was the center of the fur trade in Eurasia throughout most of its history. Before the Mongol conquest, Russians of Novgorod and Vladimir repeatedly looted and attacked the area, thereby weakening the Bulgar state's economy and military power. The latter ambushed the Mongols in the later 1223 or in 1224. Allsen, Thomas T. – The Princes of the Left Hand: An Introduction to the History of the ulus of Orda in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries, Archivum Eurasiae medii aevi, 5 (1987), 5 – 40. Several clashes occurred between 1229–1234, and the Mongol Empire conquered the Bulgars in 1236. Chronicle collections Strengthening the power and strengthening the Tatar (Mongol) troops allowed Batu to move on to the task of capturing the Middle and Lower Volga. The Bulgars (Oghurs) lived on the Middle Volga, and the Lower Volga had always been under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Khwarezmid Empire
The Khwarazmian Empire (), or simply Khwarazm, was a culturally Persianate, Sunni Muslim empire of Turkic '' mamluk'' origin. Khwarazmians ruled large parts of present-day Central Asia, Afghanistan, and Iran from 1077 to 1231; first as vassals of the Seljuk Empire and the Qara Khitai (Western Liao dynasty), and from circa 1190 as independent rulers up until the Mongol conquest in 1219–1221. The date of the founding of the state remains debatable. The dynasty that ruled the empire was founded by Anush Tigin (also known as Gharachai), initially a Turkic slave of the rulers of Gharchistan, later a Mamluk in the service of the Seljuks. However, it was Ala ad-Din Atsiz (r. 1127–1156), descendant of Anush Tigin, who achieved Khwarazm's independence from its neighbors. The Khwarazmian Empire eventually became the most powerful state in the lands around Persia, defeating the Seljuk Empire and the Ghurid Empire, and even threatening the Abbasid Caliphate. It is estimated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Battles Involving The Mongol Empire
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas batt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
History Of Tatarstan
The territory of Tatarstan, a republic of the Russia, Russian Federation, was inhabited by different groups during the prehistoric period. The state of Volga Bulgaria grew during the Middle Ages and for a time was subject to the Khazars. The Volga Bulgars became Muslim and incorporated various Turkic peoples to form the modern Volga Tatars, Volga Tatar ethnic group. The region came under the domination of the Khanate of Kazan in the 15th century. The khanate was conquered by Ivan the Terrible in 1552 and abolished in 1708. This period was marked by settlement of the area by Russians and attempts at conversion to Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christianity, provoking a number of rebellions among the Tatars and neighbouring groups. In the late 18th and 19th centuries industry developed, economic conditions improved and Tatars achieved more equal status with Russians. However, Tatar national consciousness was growing, and upon the October Revolution of 1917, national institutions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Tacheng Prefecture
Tacheng Prefecture ( zh, s=塔城地区, p=Tǎchéng dìqū) is located in northern Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. It has an area of and a population of 992,444 (2020). It is a part of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. The prefecture level city of Karamay forms a separate enclave in the middle of Tacheng. Subdivisions Tacheng prefecture is divided into 3 county level cities, 3 counties, and 1 autonomous county. Demographics Geography See Emin Valley, Tarbagatai Mountains, Saur Mountains, Gurbantünggüt Desert. Heads Secretary # Li Fengzi -1991.05 # Li Guimao 1991.06-1994.07 # Wu Qilin 1994.07-2000.04 # Tang Dingbang 2000.04-2004.11 # Peng Jiarui 2004.11-2011.07 # Zhang Bo 2011.07-2015.01 # Xue Bin since 2017.03 () Governors # Baspaı Sholaquly Баспай Шолақұлы 1945–1952 # Arystanbek (Арыстанбек) (阿尔斯坦别克) 1983.-1993.06 # Alpısbaý Raxımulı Alpysbai Rakhimuly (; born June 1948) is a Chinese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Imil River
The Instituto Millenium (Millennium Institute), also known by the acronym Imil (or IMIL), is a Brazilian "Think tank, advocacy think tank" based in Rio de Janeiro. It was created in 2005 by the economist Patrícia Carlos de Andrade to disseminate a world view based on economic liberalism (or "New Right, modern right"). According to Observatório da Imprensa, it has the support of large corporations and media groups, with the aim of influencing the Brazilian society through the diffusion of ideas of its representatives, experts and columnists. History The Instituto Millenium (Imil) was founded in 2005 as "Instituto de Estudos da Realidade Nacional" (''Institute for the Study of National Reality''). In 2009, Imil became a ''Civil Society Organization of Public Interest'' (OSCIP), the equivalent of a United States of America, U.S. 501(c) organization, non-profit organization 501(c)(3). Activities Imil discloses its world view through "seminars, conferences and meetings around the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
