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Basque Architecture
The Basque Country (greater region), Basque Country is a cross-border cultural region that has a distinctive culture including its own Basque language, language, customs, festivals, and Basque music, music. The Basques living in the territory are primarily represented by the symbol of the flag Ikurriña, as well as the Lauburu cross and the Zazpiak Bat coat of arms. The ''Gernikako Arbola'' and the ''Agur Jaunak'' are its most recognizable anthems in music, and the oak its most revered tree (cf. the aforementioned Tree of Gernika). Despite their present conspicuous secularization, the Basques have been Roman Catholic Church, Catholics for centuries. However, they owe much of their religious festivals to ancestral beliefs and pagan sites, sometimes extending as late as the 15th century. Saint Miguel, Saint Mary, Saint John and Saint Peter are its most worshiped and ancient cults, while during the Modern period new saints came into being, notably Saint Ignatius of Loyola and Saint F ...
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Basque Country (greater Region)
The Basque Country (; ; ) is the name given to the home of the Basque people.Larry Trask, Trask, R.L. ''The History of Basque'' Routledge: 1997 The Basque Country is located in the western Pyrenees, straddling the border between France and Spain on the coast of the Bay of Biscay. Encompassing the Autonomous communities of Spain, Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country (autonomous community), Basque Country and Navarre in Spain and the Northern Basque Country in France, the region is home to the Basque people (), their Basque language, language (), culture and traditions. The area is neither linguistically nor culturally homogeneous, and certain areas have a majority of people who do not consider themselves Basque, such as the south of Navarre. The concept is still highly controversial, and the Supreme Court of Navarre has upheld a denial of government funding to school books that include the Navarre community within the Basque Country area. Etymology The name in Basque ...
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Navarre
Navarre ( ; ; ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre, is a landlocked foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, bordering the Basque Autonomous Community, La Rioja, and Aragon in Spain and New Aquitaine in France. The capital city is Pamplona (). The present-day province makes up the majority of the territory of the medieval Kingdom of Navarre, a long-standing Pyrenean kingdom that occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, with its northernmost part, Lower Navarre, located in the southwest corner of France. Navarre is in the transition zone between the green Cantabrian Coast and semi-arid interior areas and thus its landscapes vary widely across the region. Being in a transition zone also produces a highly variable climate, with summers that are a mix of cooler spells and heat waves, and winters that are mild for the latitude. Navarre is one of the historic Basque provinces: its Basque features are conspicuous in the north, but vi ...
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Costumbrismo
''Costumbrismo'' (in Catalan: ''costumisme''; sometimes anglicized as costumbrism, with the adjectival form costumbrist) is the literary or pictorial interpretation of local everyday life, mannerisms, and customs, primarily in the Hispanic scene, and particularly in the 19th century. ''Costumbrismo'' is related both to artistic realism and to Romanticism, sharing the Romantic interest in expression as against simple representation and the romantic ''and'' realist focus on precise representation of particular times and places, rather than of humanity in the abstract.Antonio Reina PalazónEl Costumbrismo en la Pintura Sevillana del Siglo XIX, Biblioteca Virtual Miguel Cervantes. Accessed online 2010-01-22. It is often satiric and even moralizing, but unlike mainstream realism does not usually offer or even imply any particular analysis of the society it depicts. When not satiric, its approach to quaint folkloric detail often has a romanticizing aspect. ''Costumbrismo'' can be f ...
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Royal Basque Society Of Friends Of The Country
Royal may refer to: People * Royal (name), a list of people with either the surname or given name * A member of a royal family or royalty Places United States * Royal, Arkansas, an unincorporated community * Royal, Illinois, a village * Royal, Iowa, a city * Royal, Missouri, an unincorporated community * Royal, Nebraska, a village * Royal, Franklin County, North Carolina, an unincorporated area * Royal, Utah, a ghost town * Royal, West Virginia, an unincorporated community * Royal Gorge, on the Arkansas River in Colorado * Royal Township (other) Elsewhere * Mount Royal, a hill in Montreal, Canada * Royal Canal, Dublin, Ireland * Royal National Park, New South Wales, Australia Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Royal'' (Jesse Royal album), 2021 * Royal (Ayo album), 2020 * ''The Royal'', a British medical drama television series * ''The Royal Magazine'', a monthly British literary magazine published between 1898 and 1939 * '' The Raja Saab'', working title ''Royal'' ...
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Joanes Leizarraga
Joanes Leizarraga (1506–1601) was a 16th-century Basque priest. He is most famous for being the first to attempt the standardisation of the Basque language and for the translation of religious works into Basque, in particular the first Basque translation of the New Testament. French spellings of his name are often encountered in older works, for example ''Ioannes Leiçarraga'' and ''Jean de Liçarrague'' and various other spellings of his surname such as ''Leissarrague'' or ''Leiçarraga'', or ''Juan de Lizárraga'' in Spanish. Life Early years Leizarraga was born in the Northern Basque Country in the province of Labourd in a village called Briscous in 1506. Although the village was in Labourd, it fell within the area of the Lower Navarrese dialect of Basque. His family's farmhouse bore the family's name, Leizarraga, and stood in Briscous until it was destroyed in 1944. Very little is known about Leizarraga's early years beyond these few facts. Priesthood Leizarraga was b ...
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Bernard Etxepare
Bernard Etxepare (pronounced ) was a Basque writer of the 16th century, most famous for a collection of poems titled ("First Fruits of the Basque Language") that he published in 1545, the first book to be published in the Basque language. Spellings of the name His first name is also spelled ''Bernat'' or ''Beñat'' in Basque, he himself used Bernat. His surname is spelled ''Etxepare'' in modern Basque but the variant ''Detxepare'' is also occasionally encountered, in Basque or ''Dechepare'' in Spanish, both based on the French spelling ''D'echepare''. He himself used ''Dechepare''. Life Very little is known about his life. He was born c. 1470–1480Etxepare, B. ''Linguae Vasconum Primitiae'', Egin Biblioteka 1995. in the area of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port in Lower Navarre. His birthplace is the ''Etxeparia'' farmhouse in Bussunarits-Sarrasquette,Etxegoien, J. ''Orhipean - Gure Herria Ezagutzen'' Pamiela 1992 and he spent the majority of his life in the valleys of Cize, working as ...
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French Basque Country
The French Basque Country (; ; ), or Northern Basque Country (, or , ), is a region lying on the west of the French department of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques. Since 1 January 2017, it constitutes the Basque Municipal Community (; ) presided over by . It includes three former historic French provinces in the north-east of the traditional Basque Country totalling : Lower Navarre (; ), until 1789 nominally Kingdom of Navarre, with ; Labourd (), with ; Soule (), with . The population included in the Basque Municipal Community amounts to 309,723 inhabitants distributed in 158 municipalities. It is delimited in the north by the department of Landes, in the west by the Bay of Biscay, in the south by the Southern Basque Country and in the east by Béarn (although in the Béarnese village of Esquiule, Basque is spoken), which is the eastern part of the department. Bayonne and Biarritz (BAB) are its chief towns, included in the Basque Eurocity Bayonne-San Sebastián Euror ...
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Basque Autonomous Community
Basque may refer to: * Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France * Basque language, their language Places * Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France * Basque Country (autonomous community), an autonomous region of Spain * Northern Basque Country, in the western part of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques of France * Southern Basque Country, both the Basque Autonomous Community and Navarre Other uses * Basque (clothing), or old basque, an item of women's apparel * Basque (grape), a white wine grape See also * Basque cuisine, the cuisine of the Basque people * Basque music, the music of the Basque people * Basque conflict * List of people from the Basque Country * Port aux Basques (Port Basque), Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada; a town district * * * Bask (other) * BASC (other) BASC may refer to: * Berkeley APEC Study Center * Berlin Air Safety Centre * British Association for Shooting ...
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Basque Education System
Education in the Basque Autonomous Community is entirely free from the age of 3, and compulsory between 6 and 16 years. The majority of students are educated in the Basque language. Levels of schooling *Infant education For children aged 3 years, and is available at a subsidised cost. *Infant education For children aged 3–6 years, and is both free and optional. *Primary education For children aged 6–12 years, and is compulsory and free. *Secondary education For children aged 12–16 years, it is compulsory. Upon completion of this level of schooling, students with satisfactory grades have the option to continue their education for two additional years. Students will either pursue academic study in preparation for university entrance examinations, or follow a professional training course. Those who fall short of the satisfactory grades may attend professional initiation programmes as a precursor to entering the job market. Higher education In addition to many institutions whic ...
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Ikastola
An (, plural ) is a type of primary and secondary school in the Basque Autonomous Community, Navarre and (to a much lesser extent) the French Basque Country (see Basque Country) in which pupils are taught either entirely or predominantly in the Basque language. Ikastolak can be nowadays either private or public, divided into different networks. The Basque language public network relies on state funding and management, allocated in Spain by the education institutions of the Basque Autonomous Community and Navarre in their corresponding territories, while in France the association Ikas-Bi in the public network advocates for bilingual education. Seaska is the private network of Basque language schools in the French Basque Country, closely linked to the similar network in the Southern Basque Country. The private networks base their activity on the fees paid by parents, popular subscription (either directly or by means of annual massive festivals, e.g. '' Herri Urrats'', '' Nafarroa ...
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