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Baron Luke
Baron Luke, of Pavenham in the County of Bedford, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1929 for the businessman George Lawson Johnston. He was the second son of John Lawson Johnston, the founder of Bovril Ltd. the title is held by his great-grandson, the fourth Baron, who succeeded his father in 2015. The third baron was one of the ninety elected hereditary peers to remain in the House of Lords The House of Lords, also known as the House of Peers, is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Membership is by appointment, heredity or official function. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster ... after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999. He sat on the Conservative benches until resigning from the House in 2015. Barons Luke (1929) * George Lawson Johnston, 1st Baron Luke (1873–1943) * Ian St John Lawson Johnston, 2nd Baron Luke (1905–1996) * Arthur Charles St John Lawson Johnston, 3rd B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peerage Of The United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom is one of the five Peerages in the United Kingdom. It comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Acts of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain. New peers continued to be created in the Peerage of Ireland until 1898 (the last creation was the Barony of Curzon of Kedleston). The House of Lords Act 1999 reformed the House of Lords. Until then, all peers of the United Kingdom were automatically members of the House of Lords. However, from that date, most of the hereditary peers ceased to be members, whereas the life peers retained their seats. All hereditary peers of the first creation (i.e. those for whom a peerage was originally created, as opposed to those who inherited a peerage), and all surviving hereditary peers who had served as Leader of the House of Lords, were offered a life peerage to allow them to continue to sit in the House should they wish. Peers in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Lawson Johnston, 1st Baron Luke
George Lawson Johnston, 1st Baron Luke, KBE (9 September 1873 – 23 February 1943), was a British businessman. Early life and education Luke was the second son of John Lawson Johnston, a butcher who became a beef stock manufacturer and the founder of Bovril Ltd and Elizabeth, daughter of George Lawson, biscuit manufacturer of Edinburgh. He was educated privately in Canada, at Dulwich College and at Blairlodge School, Polmont (a former Scottish private school). Career Johnston worked in Canada, Australia, Africa and Argentina, and thereby developed expertise in trade and raw materials. He returned from Argentina in 1896 and joined the board of Bovril Ltd, of which he became vice-chairman in 1900 when his father died. He was a Director of the '' Daily Express'' from its foundation in 1900 to 1917, and was also a director of Lloyds Bank. During World War I he was a member of the leather control board and Chairman of Committees in the Raw Materials Department at the War Office. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Lawson Johnston
John Lawson Johnston (1839– 24 November 1900) was a Scottish entrepreneur and the creator of Bovril. He was born in 29 Main Street, Roslin, Midlothian. A memorial plaque is on the property and can be seen above the door. The plaque was put there by the Roslin Heritage Society. Life and "Bovril" Johnston studied in Edinburgh at some point and came into contact with Lyon Playfair, a professor of chemistry at the University of Edinburgh. Through him, John developed an interest in food science and preserving. Regardless of what his intentions had originally been as a choice of profession, Johnston's uncle John was a butcher and his nephew decided to pursue this as a trade and apprenticed with him.The City of Edinburgh Council Archives Eventually, he took over his butcher shop in Edinburgh and became well established. While working as a butcher in Edinburgh, he decided to use the large quantity of beef trimmings produced in the butchery process to make his own ''glace de viande'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bovril
Bovril is the trademarked name of a thick and salty meat extract paste similar to a yeast extract, developed in the 1870s by John Lawson Johnston. It is sold in a distinctive bulbous jar, and as cubes and granules. Bovril is owned and distributed by Unilever UK. Its appearance is similar to the British Marmite and its Australian equivalent Vegemite. Bovril can be made into a drink (referred to in the UK as a "beef tea") by diluting with hot water or, less commonly, with milk. It can be used as a flavouring for soups, broth, stews or porridge, or as a spread, especially on toast in a similar fashion to Marmite and Vegemite. Etymology The first part of the product's name comes from Latin ''bovīnus'', meaning "ox". Johnston took the ''-vril'' suffix from Edward Bulwer-Lytton's then-popular novel, '' The Coming Race'' (1871), the plot of which revolves around a superior race of people, the Vril-ya, who derive their powers from an electromagnetic substance named "Vril". There ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Hereditary Peers Elected Under The House Of Lords Act 1999
This is a list of hereditary peers elected to serve in the House of Lords under the provisions of the House of Lords Act 1999 and the Standing Orders of the House of Lords. The Act excluded all hereditary peers who were not also life peers except for two holders of royal offices plus ninety other peers, to be chosen by the House. Before the enactment of the Act, the House approved a Standing Order stating that the remaining hereditary peers shall consist of: * 2 peers to be elected by the Labour hereditary peers * 42 peers to be elected by the Conservative hereditary peers * 3 peers to be elected by the Liberal Democrat hereditary peers * 28 peers to be elected by the Crossbencher hereditary peers * 15 peers to be elected by the whole House * The holders of the offices of Earl Marshal (the Duke of Norfolk) and Lord Great Chamberlain (currently the Baron Carrington) to be ex officio members The total number and sub-composition set out above reflect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British House Of Lords
The House of Lords, also known as the House of Peers, is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Membership is by appointment, heredity or official function. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster in London, England. The House of Lords scrutinises bills that have been approved by the House of Commons. It regularly reviews and amends bills from the Commons. While it is unable to prevent bills passing into law, except in certain limited circumstances, it can delay bills and force the Commons to reconsider their decisions. In this capacity, the House of Lords acts as a check on the more powerful House of Commons that is independent of the electoral process. While members of the Lords may also take on roles as government ministers, high-ranking officials such as cabinet ministers are usually drawn from the Commons. The House of Lords does not control the term of the prime minister or of the government. Only the lower house may force the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Lords Act 1999
The House of Lords Act 1999 (c. 34) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed the House of Lords, one of the chambers of Parliament. The Act was given Royal Assent on 11 November 1999. For centuries, the House of Lords had included several hundred members who inherited their seats (hereditary peers); the Act removed such a right. However, as part of a compromise, the Act did permit ninety-two hereditary peers to remain in the House on an interim basis. Another ten were created life peers to enable them to remain in the House. The Act decreased the membership of the House from 1,330 in October 1999 to 669 in March 2000. As another result of the Act, the majority of the Lords were now life peers, whose numbers had been gradually increasing since the Life Peerages Act 1958. As of November 2019, there were 793 members of the House of Lords, of whom 26 were senior Church of England bishops, whose representation in the House is governed by the Bishoprics A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conservative Party (UK)
The Conservative Party, officially the Conservative and Unionist Party and also known colloquially as the Tories, is one of the Two-party system, two main political parties in the United Kingdom, along with the Labour Party (UK), Labour Party. It is the current Government of the United Kingdom, governing party, having won the 2019 United Kingdom general election, 2019 general election. It has been the primary governing party in Britain since 2010. The party is on the Centre-right politics, centre-right of the political spectrum, and encompasses various ideological #Party factions, factions including One-nation conservatism, one-nation conservatives, Thatcherism, Thatcherites, and traditionalist conservatism, traditionalist conservatives. The party currently has 356 Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Members of Parliament, 264 members of the House of Lords, 9 members of the London Assembly, 31 members of the Scottish Parliament, 16 members of the Senedd, Welsh Parliament, 2 D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Lords Reform Act 2014
The House of Lords Reform Act 2014 is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Act was a private member's bill. It received Royal Assent on 14 May 2014. The Act allows members of the House of Lords to retire or resign – actions previously constitutionally impossible for Life Peers. (Under the provisions of the Peerage Act 1963, hereditary peers can effectively resign from the House of Lords by disclaiming their peerage, but this procedure has only been used once since the House of Lords Act 1999 removed automatic membership of hereditary peers in that House.) It also makes provision to exclude members who commit serious criminal offences resulting in a jail sentence of at least one year, and members who fail to attend the House for a whole session. The Act does not have retrospective effect. , 161 peers have resigned or retired, and a further eight peers were removed under the Act's provisions regarding non-attendance. Amongst other things, this Act provides for the rig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ian Lawson Johnston, 2nd Baron Luke
Ian St John Lawson Johnston, 2nd Baron Luke, KCVO, TD, DL, JP, (7 June 1905 – 25 May 1996) was a British Peer, businessman and philanthropist. Early life and education Johnston was the eldest son of George Lawson Johnston, 1st Baron Luke and his wife Edith Laura St John. He was educated at Eton, and Trinity College, Cambridge and travelled in Australia and South America studying the beef industry. Career He followed his father in business, being Chairman of Bovril Ltd and the Argentine Estates of Bovril, Virol Ltd and Electrolux Ltd. He was also a Director of Ashanti Goldfields Corporation Ltd, Lloyds Bank Ltd, National Provincial Institution, Australian Mercantile Land and Finance Co Ltd and other Companies. During his time as director and chairman, Bovril expanded successfully and took over Marmite. After Luke's retirement, the company was sold to Cavenham, owned by James Goldsmith. Lord Luke was President of the London Chamber of Commerce from 1952 to 1955, and presiden ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Lawson Johnston, 3rd Baron Luke
Arthur Charles St John Lawson Johnston, 3rd Baron Luke KStJ (13 January 1933 – 2 October 2015) was a British peer. He was one of the ninety hereditary peers elected to remain in the House of Lords after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999 until his retirement in 2015. The son of the 2nd Baron Luke and Barbara Lloyd-Anstruther, he was educated at Eton College in Berkshire and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in history in 1957. In 1996, he succeeded to his father's title. Johnston worked for the family firm Bovril Ltd from 1955 to 1971, served on Bedfordshire County Council from 1965 to 1970, and was a fine art dealer in watercolours of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Between 1962 and 1978, he was president of the National Association of Warehouse-keepers, and between 1983 and 1990, Commander of the St John Ambulance Brigade. He was appointed High Sheriff of Bedfordshire in 1969. He was also a member of the Court of the Corporatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coronet Of A British Baron
A coronet is a small crown consisting of ornaments fixed on a metal ring. A coronet differs from other kinds of crowns in that a coronet never has arches, and from a tiara in that a coronet completely encircles the head, while a tiara does not. In other languages, this distinction is not made as usually the same word for ''crown'' is used irrespective of rank (german: Krone, nl, Kroon, sv, Krona, french: Couronne, etc.) Today, its main use is not as a headgear (indeed, many people entitled to a coronet never have a physical one created), but as a rank symbol in heraldry, adorning a coat of arms. Etymology The word stems from the Old French ''coronete'', a diminutive of ''co(u)ronne'' ('crown'), itself from the Latin ''corona'' (also 'wreath') and from the Ancient Greek ''κορώνη'' (''korōnē''; 'garland' or 'wreath'). Traditionally, such headgear is used by nobles and by princes and princesses in their coats of arms, rather than by monarchs, for whom t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
