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Banu Abd Shams
Banu Abd Shams () refers to a clan within the Meccan tribe of Quraysh (tribe), Quraysh. Ancestry The clan names itself after Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf, the son of Abd Manaf ibn Qusai and brother of Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf, who was the great-grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He married Layla bint Asad ibn Abdal-Uzza, she bore four sons, Habib, Rabi'a, Abd Al-Uzza, Umayya and one daughter, Ruqayyah. Banu Rabi'ah Banu Rabi'ah was a branch that only had a few chiefs, they are: 1. Abu Hudhayfa ibn 'Utba, Abu Hudhayfa Qays ibn 'Utba 2. Hind bint Utbah 3. Walid ibn Utbah 4. Utbah ibn Rabi'ah 5. Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfa 6. Shaybah ibn Rabi'ah Notable members The following were members. *Uthman, the third Muslim Caliph, son-in-law & close Companion (Sahabi) of Muhammad. Uthman was the direct member of Banu Abd-Shams tribe through ''Banu Umayya'' clan. *Arwa bint Kurayz, mother of caliph Uthman, female Companion & first cousin of Muhammad. *Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, chieftain *A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quraysh
The Quraysh () are an Tribes of Arabia, Arab tribe who controlled Mecca before the rise of Islam. Their members were divided into ten main clans, most notably including the Banu Hashim, into which Islam's founding prophet Muhammad was born. By the seventh century, they had become wealthy merchants, dominating trade between the Indian Ocean, East Africa, and the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean. The tribe ran caravans to Gaza City, Gaza and Damascus in summer and to Yemen (region), Yemen in winter, while also mining and pursuing other enterprises on these routes. When Muhammad Muhammad's first revelation, began preaching Islam in Mecca, the Quraysh initially showed little concern. However, their opposition to his activities quickly grew as he increasingly challenged Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia, Arab polytheism, which was prevalent throughout pre-Islamic Arabia. As relations deteriorated, Muhammad and Early Muslims, his followers migrated to Medina (the journey known as the Hij ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Ibn Abi Hudhayfa
Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfa (Arabic: محمد بن أبي حذيفة ) was the son of Abu Hudhayfa ibn 'Utba and Sahla bint Suhail. His father's original name was Utba bin Rabea'ah. Since his father adopted Salim Mawla Abi Hudhayfa as his son, Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfa and Salim Mawla Abi Hudhayfa may be considered as adopted brothers. Utba's daughter was Hind who was the wife of Abu Sufiyan and the mother of Muawiyah. Muhammad was thus the maternal uncle of Muawiyah. Utba was one of the early antagonist to Islam. Abu Hudhaifa migrated with his wife Suhaila to Abyssinia In Abyssinia Uthman and Abu Hudhaifa worked in close unison. Muhammad the son of Abu Hudhaifa was born in Abyssinia. On return from Abyssinia Abu Hudhaifa migrated to Madina. In 656, he became the Governor of Egypt by ousting Abdallah ibn Sa'ad. He was born in Abyssinia during Muhammad's life. His father and adopted brother were both martyred in al-Yamama Al-Yamama () is a historical region in south- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Sufyan Ibn Harb
Sakhr ibn Harb ibn Umayya (; ), commonly known by his ' Abu Sufiyan (), was a prominent opponent-turned companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was the father of the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I () and namesake of the Sufyanid line of Umayyad caliphs which ruled from 661 to 684. Abu Sufyan was a leader and merchant from the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. During his early career, he often led trade caravans to Syria. He had been among the main leaders of Meccan opposition to Muhammad, the prophet of Islam and member of the Quraysh, commanding the Meccans at the battles of Uhud and the Trench in 625 and 627 CE. However, when Muhammad entered Mecca in 630, he was among the first to submit and was given a stake in the nascent Muslim state, playing a role at the Battle of Hunayn and the subsequent destruction of the polytheistic sanctuary of al-Lat in Ta'if. After Muhammad's death, he may have been appointed as the governor of Najran by Caliph Abu Bakr () for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Utba Ibn Rabi'ah
Utba ibn Rabi'a () (), also known as Abu al-Walid () was one of the prominent pagan leaders of the Quraysh during the era of Muhammad. He was the father of Abu Hudhayfa, al-Walid, Hind and father-in-law of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb. Utba was killed by Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib in the Battle of Badr. Family Utbah's father was Rabi'a ibn Abd Shams and his mother was Atiqa bint Abdul Uzza from Banu Amir ibn Luay. He also had a brother named Shaybah ibn Rabi'ah. His mother was Suhayl ibn Amr's sister. Later on, Utbah's son, Abu Hudhayfa married Suhayl's daughter, Sahla, who bore him a son named Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfa and with whom he adopted Salim Mawla Abu Hudhayfa as a son, thefore making them the grandchildren of both Utbah ibn Rabi'ah and his stepmother's father, Suhayl ibn Amr. His children were; Abu Hudhayfa ibn Utbah, al-Walid ibn Utbah, Hind bint Utbah. Death Utbah was killed in the battle of Badr, as narrated in the hadith collection of Sunan Abi Dawud. In it, Ali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pre-Islamic Arabia
Pre-Islamic Arabia is the Arabian Peninsula and its northern extension in the Syrian Desert before the rise of Islam. This is consistent with how contemporaries used the term ''Arabia'' or where they said Arabs lived, which was not limited to the peninsula. Pre-Islamic Arabia included both nomadic and settled populations. Several settled populations developed distinctive civilizations. From around the second half of the 2nd millennium BCE, South Arabia, Southern Arabia was the home to a number of kingdoms, such as the Sabaeans and the Minaeans, and Eastern Arabia was inhabited by Semitic-speaking peoples who presumably migrated from the southwest, such as the so-called Samad Late Iron Age, Samad population.Kenneth A. Kitchen The World of "Ancient Arabia" Series. Documentation for Ancient Arabia. Part I. Chronological Framework and Historical Sources p.110 From 106 CE to 630 CE, Arabia's most northwestern areas were controlled by the Roman Empire, which governed it as Arabia Petrae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umayya Ibn Abd Shams
Umayya ibn Abd-Shams () is the progenitor of the line of the Umayyad caliphs. The clan of Banu Umayya as well as the dynasty that ruled the Umayyad Caliphate are named after Umayya ibn Abd-Shams. Umayya succeeded Abd-Shams as the (judge / commander) of the Meccans. This position was likely an occasional political post whose holder oversaw the direction of Mecca's military affairs in times of war instead of an actual field command. This proved instructive as later Umayyads were known for possessing considerable political and military organizational skills. After a rivalry with his cousin, Hashim ibn Abd-Manaf, Umayya ibn Abd-Shams ibn Abd-Manaf was banished by the Meccans to the Levant (''Bilad al-Sham''), where he and his progeny stayed, and he became a merchant. This later assisted his grand-son Mu'awiya ibn Abi-Sufyan ibn Harb ibn Umayya to establish the new caliphate whose capital was Damascus Damascus ( , ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Caliphate
A caliphate ( ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; , ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim world (''ummah''). Historically, the caliphates were polities based on Islam which developed into multi-ethnic trans-national empires. During the medieval period, three major caliphates succeeded each other: the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750), and the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1517). In the fourth major caliphate, the Ottoman Caliphate, the rulers of the Ottoman Empire claimed caliphal authority from 1517 until the Ottoman caliphate was formally abolished as part of the 1924 secularisation of Turkey. An attempt to preserve the title was tried, with the Sharifian Caliphate, but this caliphate fell quickly after its conquest by the Sultanate of Nejd (present-day Saudi Arabia), leaving the claim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Hudhayfah Ibn Utbah
Abū Ḥudhayfa ibn ʿUtbaṬabaqāt Ibn Saʿd 3/1/59-60, Tārīkh Khalīfah: 111, al-Maʿārif: 272, al-Istiʿāb: 11/194, Usd al-Ghābah: 6/70-72, Tahdhīb al-Asmāʾ wa al-Lughāt: 2/212, al-ʿIbar: 1/14, al-ʿIqd al-Thamīn: 3/295, al-Iṣābah: 11/81. (Arabic: أبو حذيفة بن عتبة; died 633), full name Qays ibn Utba ibn Rabi'a ibn Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusay ibn Kilab al-Qurashī al-ʿAbshamī was from the early companions of the prophet Muhammad and the leader of his tribe, Banu 'Absham. He participated in several battles such as the battle of Badr. Biography Abū Ḥudhayfah bin ʿUtbah converted to Islam before entering the House of Al-Arqam, it was said that he was tall, handsome, with even teeth, and was said that he was known as ‘the squinting one’. He was the maternal uncle of the martyr Mus'ab ibn Umayr and of the Caliph Muawiyah. Some narrations recorded that his name was "Muhasham" however Al-Suhayli refutes those narrations stating tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umamah Bint Abi Al-As
Umāma bint Abī al-ʿĀṣ ibn al-Rabīʿ (), was a granddaughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Khadija, via their daughter Zaynab, and is thus also known as ''Umāma bint Zaynab'' (). Muhammad was her maternal grandfather, and thus she is a member of his Ahl al-Bayt. She is also numbered among the Companions of the Prophet. Biography She was the daughter of Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi', who married Muhammad's eldest daughter Zaynab. She had one sibling, Ali. Her maternal aunts were Muhammad's daughters Ruqayya, Umm Kulthum and Fatima. When Umama was a small child, Muhammad used to carry her on his shoulder while he prayed. He used to put her down to prostrate and then pick her up again as he rose. Muhammad once promised to give an onyx necklace to "her whom I love best." His wives expected him to give it to Aisha, but he presented it to Umama. On a different occasion, he gave her a gold ring that had arrived from the Emperor of Abyssinia. Her aunt Fatima requested her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zainab Bint Muhammad
Zainab bint Muhammad () (598/599–629 CE) was the eldest daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad by his first wife Khadijah. Marriage She married her maternal cousin, Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi', before December 610, and Khadija gave her a wedding present of an onyx necklace. They had two children, son Ali, who died in childhood, and daughter Umama, who would bear children, including Hilal or Muhammad al-Awsat. Zainab became a Muslim soon after Muhammad first declared himself a prophet. The Quraysh pressured Abu al-As to divorce Zainab, saying they would give him any woman he liked in exchange, but Abu al-As said that he did not want any other woman, a stance for which Muhammad commended him. Muhammad had no jurisdiction over Mecca and therefore could not force them to separate, so they continued to live together despite Abu al-As's refusal to convert to Islam. Zainab remained in Mecca when the other Muslims following Muhammad migrated to Medina. Emigration to Medina Abu al-As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khadija
Khadija, Khadeeja or Khadijah () is an Arabic feminine given name, the name of Khadija bint Khuwaylid, first wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. In 1995, it was one of the three most popular Arabic feminine names in the Muslim world, along with Fatima and Aisha. Hatice is the Turkish equivalent. Other notable people with the name Khadija include: Historical figures *Khadija Abadiya bint Ali (1907–1958), Iraqi princess, daughter of Ali bin Hussein, King of Hejaz * Khadija bint Harun al-Rashid, a 9th-century Arab princess, daughter of Arab caliph Harun al-Rashid (r. 786–809) * Khadija Arslan Khatun, wife of 11th-century caliph al-Qa'im, mother of prince Muhammad bin Qa'im * Khadija Gayibova, Azerbaijani pianist (1893–1938) *Khadijah of the Maldives, Sultana of the Maldives from 1347 to 1380 * Khadija Riyad (1914–1981), Egyptian painter, sculptor, and jewelry designer * Khadija Sultana (1600– fl. 1665), Indian regent *Khadeeja (actress) (died 2017), Malayalam-lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Al-Aas Ibn Al-Rabee
Abū al-ʿĀṣ ibn al-Rabīʿ (, died in February, AD 634), was a son-in-law and Companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. His original name was said to have been Hushaym or Yasser. Family He was the son of Hala bint Khuwaylid.Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 8. Translated by Bewley, A. (1995). ''The Women of Madina'', p. 21. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. His legal father was Al-Rabi ibn Abd al-Uzza of the Abdshams clan of the Quraysh tribe.Ibn Hajar, ''Al-Isaba'' vol. 7 #10176. He became a successful merchant and was considered an important person in Mecca.Muhammad ibn Ishaq. ''Sirat Rasul Allah''. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). ''The Life of Muhammad'', p. 313. Oxford: Oxford University Press. His aunt Khadija regarded him as her son, and he frequently visited her home. In due course Khadija asked her husband Muhammad to find him a wife. Muhammad gave Abu al-As their eldest daughter, Zaynab, apparently with some reluctance. Later, however, he spoke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
