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Baguette D’Or
A baguette (; ) is a long, thin type of bread of French origin that is commonly made from basic lean dough (the dough, not the shape, is defined by French law). It is distinguishable by its length and crisp crust. A baguette has a diameter of about and a usual length of about , but can be up to long. In November 2018, documentation surrounding the "craftsmanship and culture" of making this bread was added to the French Ministry of Culture's National Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage. In 2022, the artisanal know-how and culture of baguette bread was inscribed to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists. History Much of the history of the baguette is speculation; however, some facts can be established. Long, stick-like breads in France became more popular during the 18th century, French bakers started using " ''gruau''," a highly refined Hungarian high-milled flour in the early 19th century, Viennese steam oven baking was introduced to Paris in 1839 by Augus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breadstick
Breadsticks, also known as grissini (: grissino; Piedmontese: ''ghërsin'', ), are generally pencil-sized sticks of crisp, dry baked bread that originated in the Italian city of Turin, Piedmont. History It is believed that the breadstick originated in 1643, when a Florentine abbot described a long-shaped and "bone-thin" bread being made in Lanzo Torinese, a town outside of Turin. Tradition states, however, that it originated in the region of Piedmont in the 17th century, invented by a baker called Antonio Brunero, from Turin. It was a food that was intended to be easier to digest for the Duke Victor Amadeus II of Savoy, who had digestive problems in his childhood. Serving In Italian restaurants, breadsticks are often offered as an appetizer ( antipasto), especially in their traditional shape, together with or replacing bread, which is commonly provided with all meals. They may also be combined with ingredients such as prosciutto. This appears to be the case with restaurants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exposition Universelle (1867)
The of 1867 (), better known in English as the 1867 Paris Exposition, was a world's fair held in Paris, Second French Empire, France, from 1 April to 3 November 1867. It was the List of world expositions, second of ten major expositions held in the city between 1855 and 1937. A number of nations were represented at the fair. Following a decree of Napoleon III of France, Emperor Napoleon III, the exposition was prepared as early as 1864, in the midst of Haussmann's renovation of Paris, the renovation of Paris, marking the culmination of the Second French Empire. Visitors included Tsar Alexander II of Russia, a brother of the William I, German Emperor, King William and Otto von Bismarck of Prussia, Prince Metternich and Franz Josef of Austria, Ottoman Sultan Abdülaziz, and the Khedive of Egypt Isma'il Pasha, Isma'il. Conception In 1864, Napoleon III of France, Napoleon III issued a decree stating that an international exposition should be held in Paris in 1867. A Government a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career of Napoleon, a series of military campaigns across Europe during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815. He led the French First Republic, French Republic as French Consulate, First Consul from 1799 to 1804, then ruled the First French Empire, French Empire as Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1814, and briefly again in 1815. He was King of Italy, King of Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic), Italy from 1805 to 1814 and Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine from 1806 to 1813. Born on the island of Corsica to a family of Italian origin, Napoleon moved to mainland France in 1779 and was commissioned as an officer in the French Royal Army in 1785. He supported the French Rev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Prix De La Baguette De Tradition Française De La Ville De Paris
The Concours de la meilleure baguette de Paris, officially the Grand prix de la baguette de tradition française de la ville de Paris, is an annual competition to determine the best baguette in Paris. First held in 1994, the competition is organized by the city of Paris in collaboration with the Confédération nationale de la boulangerie-pâtisserie française (National Confederation of French Bakeries and Patisseries). The winner receives a medal and a prize of 4,000 euros. The bakery is given the honor of becoming a supplier to the Élysée, the official residence of the President of France, for one year. History The competition has been organized by the Hôtel de Ville, Paris, Paris City Hall every year since 1994. It takes place on the premises of the Professional Chamber of Baker-Pastry Craftsmen, on the Île Saint-Louis. The jury of 15 members is made up of professionals, food journalists, and, since 2020, six Parisians drawn by a lottery. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Parliament
The French Parliament (, ) is the Bicameralism, bicameral parliament of the French Fifth Republic, consisting of the Senate (France), Senate (), and the National Assembly (France), National Assembly (). Each assembly conducts legislative sessions at separate locations in Paris: the Senate meets in the Luxembourg Palace, Palais du Luxembourg, the National Assembly convenes at the Palais Bourbon, both on the Rive Gauche. Each house has its own regulations and rules of procedure. However, occasionally they may meet as a single house known as the Congress of the French Parliament (), convened at the Palace of Versailles, to revise and amend the Constitution of France. History and name The French Parliament, as a legislative body, should not be confused with the various parlements of the Ancien Régime in France, which were regional appeals courts with certain administrative functions varying from province to province and as to whether the local law was written and Roman, or cust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dextrose
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula , which is often abbreviated as Glc. It is overall the most abundant monosaccharide, a subcategory of carbohydrates. It is mainly made by plants and most algae during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. It is used by plants to make cellulose, the most abundant carbohydrate in the world, for use in cell walls, and by all living organisms to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used by the cell as energy. In energy metabolism, glucose is the most important source of energy in all organisms. Glucose for metabolism is stored as a polymer, in plants mainly as amylose and amylopectin, and in animals as glycogen. Glucose circulates in the blood of animals as blood sugar. The naturally occurring form is -glucose, while its stereoisomer -glucose is produced synthetically in comparatively small amounts and is less biologically active. Glucose is a monosaccharide containing six carbon atoms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croissant
A croissant (, ) is a French cuisine, French pastry in a crescent shape made from a laminated yeast dough similar to puff pastry. It is a buttery, flaky, ''viennoiserie'' pastry inspired by the shape of the Austrian cuisine, Austrian ''Kifli, kipferl'', but using the French yeast-leavened laminated dough. Croissants are named for their historical crescent shape. The dough is layered with butter, rolled and folded several times in succession, then rolled into a thin sheet, in a technique called laminated dough, laminating. The process results in a layered, flaky texture, similar to a puff pastry. Crescent-shaped breads have been made since the Renaissance, and crescent-shaped cakes possibly since Late antiquity, antiquity. The modern croissant was developed in the early 20th century, when France, French bakers replaced the brioche dough of the ''kipferl'' with a yeast-leavened laminated dough. In the late 1970s, the development of factory-made, frozen food, frozen, preformed bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firebrick
A fire brick, firebrick, fireclay brick, or refractory brick is a block of ceramic material used in lining furnaces, kilns, fireboxes, and fireplaces. Made of primarily oxide materials like silica and alumina in varying ratios, these insulating materials are able to withstand extremely high temperatures, and have a low thermal conductivity for greater energy efficiency. Refractory bricks generally range from 25-45% alumina, and ~60% silica, with additional magnesium, calcium, potassium oxides. Usually dense fire bricks are used in applications with extreme mechanical, chemical, or thermal stresses, such as the inside of a wood-fired kiln or a furnace, which is subject to abrasion from wood, fluxing from ash or slag, and high temperatures. In other, less harsh situations, such as in an electric or natural gas fired kiln, more porous bricks, commonly known as "kiln bricks", are a better choice. They are weaker, but they are much lighter and easier to form and insulate far bett ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brick Oven
A masonry oven, colloquially known as a brick oven or stone oven, is an oven consisting of a baking chamber made of fireproof brick, concrete, stone, clay (clay oven), or cob (cob oven). Though traditionally wood-fired, coal-fired ovens were common in the 19th century, and modern masonry ovens are often fired with natural gas or even electricity. Modern masonry ovens are closely associated with artisan bread and pizza, but in the past they were used for any cooking task involving baking. Origins and history Prehistory Humans constructed masonry ovens long before the advent of writing. The development of cooking technologies began when early humans started using fire to prepare food, initially through methods such as spit-roasting over open flames or embers. Starchy roots and other foods that required longer cooking times were often buried in hot ashes and sometimes covered with heated stones or more ash. For larger quantities, cooking was carried out in earth ovens, pits he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yard
The yard (symbol: yd) is an English units, English unit of length in both the British imperial units, imperial and US United States customary units, customary systems of measurement equalling 3 foot (unit), feet or 36 inches. Since 1959 it has been by international yard and pound, international agreement standardized as exactly 0.9144 Metre, meter. A distance of 1,760 yards is equal to 1 mile. The theoretical survey foot, US survey yard is very slightly longer. Name The term, ''yard'' derives from the Old English , etc., which was used for branches, staves and measuring rods. It is first attested in the late 7th century Ine of Wessex#Laws, laws of Ine of Wessex, wherein the "yard of land" mentioned is the virgate, yardland, an old English unit of tax assessment equal to hide (unit), hide. Around the same time the Lindisfarne Gospels account of the messengers from John the Baptist in the Gospel of Matthew used it for a branch swayed by the wind. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maid
A maid, housemaid, or maidservant is a female domestic worker. In the Victorian era, domestic service was the second-largest category of employment in England and Wales, after agricultural work. In developed Western nations, full-time maids are now typically only found in the wealthiest households. In other parts of the world (mainly within the continent of Asia), maids remain common in urban middle-class households. in Middle English meant an unmarried woman, especially a young one, or specifically a virgin. These meanings lived on in English until recent times (and are still familiar from literature and folk music), alongside the sense of the word as a type of servant. Description Maids perform typical domestic chores such as laundry, ironing, cleaning the house, grocery shopping, cooking, and caring for household pets. They may also take care of children, although there are more specific occupations for this, such as nanny. In some poor countries, maids take care of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crowbar (tool)
A crowbar, also called a wrecking bar, pry bar or prybar, pinch-bar, or occasionally a prise bar or prisebar, colloquially gooseneck, or pig bar, or in Australia a jemmy, is a lever consisting of a metal bar with a single curved end and flattened points, used to force two objects apart or gain mechanical advantage in lifting; often the curved end has a notch for removing nails. The design can be used as any of the three lever classes. The curved end is usually used as a first-class lever, and the flat end as a second-class lever. Designs made from thick flat steel bar are often referred to as utility bars. Materials and construction A common hand tool, the crow bar is typically made of medium-carbon steel, possibly hardened on its ends. Commonly crowbars are forged from long steel stock, either hexagonal or sometimes cylindrical. Alternative designs may be forged with a rounded I-shaped cross-section shaft. Versions using relatively wide flat steel bar are often ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
