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Baggböle
Baggböle is a small village on the Ume River in northern Sweden, approximately upstream of the city of Umeå. The village was a base for sawing local timber in the nineteenth century, with a sawmill powered by the water of the river rapids close to the village. The sawmill at Baggböle was abandoned towards the end of the 19th century, but was in its heyday the largest water-powered sawmill in Sweden. The operations at the sawmill resulted in a new word in Swedish, ''baggböleri'', a term that originally meant illegal felling of timber in forests belonging to the Crown, but is now a pejorative term for 'reckless deforestation' ( Swedish: ). Today Baggböle is known for Arboretum Norr, an arboretum that has been developed to attract visitors, and develop plants suitable for northern latitudes. History The original sawmill at Baggböle Rapids, which was built in 1813-14, stemmed from a partnership between Johan Unander, Eric Nyberg and Johan Vikner, who obtained permission to build ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ume River
The Ume River (Swedish: ''Ume älv'' or ''Umeälven'') is one of the main rivers in northern Sweden. It is around long, and flows in a south-eastern direction from its source, the lake ''Överuman'' by the Norway, Norwegian border within the Scandinavian mountain range. For large parts, the European route E12, also known as Blå Vägen (Blue Route), follows its path. The river passes through Vindelfjällen Nature Reserve and Storuman, Lake Storuman and drains into the Gulf of Bothnia on Sweden's east coast at the small town of Holmsund, and adjacent to the city of Umeå. Its chief tributary is the Vindel River, which is the biggest tributary river in Sweden. The Ume and Vindel rivers meet at the village of Vännas. At the mouth of the river, where it meets the Gulf of Bothnia, lies Obbolaön (Obbola Island). The island divides the river into two streams just as it runs out into the sea. Early history People have lived in the Ume river valley for at least five thousand years. At ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arboretum Norr
Arboretum Norr () is an arboretum in Baggböle, Sweden, on the Ume River, about eight kilometers west of Umeå city centre. History The arboretum is in Baggböle, a settlement known for its water-powered sawmill. So infamous were the sawmill owners' methods that a new word in Swedish was derived from the name of "Baggböle". The Swedish word is a derogative term for the idea of deforestation.Baggbole , Umea.SE, retrieved 18 May 2014 The mansion that still stands was designed by Johan Anders Linder and built in 1846. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Robertson Dickson
James Robertson Dickson or James R:son Dickson (10 March 1810 – 4 July 1873) was a Swedish shipping and logging businessman. He was a partner in ''James Dickson Co'' who ran shipping and logging in Sweden. He was involved in unsuccessful court cases that accused his company of sawing up timber belonging to the crown at Baggböle in northern Sweden. Life Dickson was born in Gothenburg in 1810. He was the eldest of four children born to Scotsman Robert Dickson (1782–1858) and Wilhelma Charlotta Dickson née Murray. He was a partner in ''James Dickson Co'' who ran shipping and logging in Sweden. The business employed the largest merchant fleet in Sweden with offices in both Gothenburg and London. James Robertson Dickson was involved in establishing timber sawing and loading stations in many of the rivers of Norrland.Scots in Sweden S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johan Anders Linder
Johan Anders Linder (20 November 1783 – 1 January 1877) was a Swedish clergyman who was also an artist, a writer and an architect in Umeå. Life left, Manor at Umeå Folk High School Linder was born in Bygdeå on 20 November 1783. His father died and his mother brought him up to be a minister. He obtained his first position in Umeå as a minister in northern Sweden in 1811. Linder and his wife were involved in the social life of the town where they lived and Linder also obtained work as an architect. Linder was also an accomplished artist. Baggböle manor, which he designed in 1846 as residence for the managing director of the water powered sawmill at Baggböle, is a wooden building made to look like a stone mansion. Linder obtained other commissions in the 1840s and 1850s for more buildings. The mansion he had built in 1846 was made a listed building in 1964. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holmsund
Holmsund is a Urban areas in Sweden, locality situated in Umeå Municipality, Västerbotten County, Sweden with 5,489 inhabitants in 2010. It is located 18 km south of the city of Umeå and serves as a port for Umeå. Position Holmsund lies at the mouth of the Ume River. To the west, across the river estuary, is a town called Obbola, the towns are connected by the E12 road which is carried over the river estuary by the Obbola Bridge. Both Holmsund and Obbola have wood and paper industries. From the southern end of Holmsund a ferry service runs to the Finnish port of Vaasa. History Swedish water-powered sawmills were under threat when steam power was introduced to Sweden in 1849. The largest Swedish water-powered saw mill was at Baggböle. It was one of the last to close in 1884 when Holmsund built a steam-powered mill. Swedish sawn timber became a major export. Notable residents Sports people *Thommy Abrahamsson ice hockey player, born in Holmsund *Christer Abris ice hoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latitude
In geography, latitude is a geographic coordinate system, geographic coordinate that specifies the north-south position of a point on the surface of the Earth or another celestial body. Latitude is given as an angle that ranges from −90° at the south pole to 90° at the north pole, with 0° at the Equator. Parallel (latitude), Lines of constant latitude, or ''parallels'', run east-west as circles parallel to the equator. Latitude and longitude are used together as a coordinate pair to specify a location on the surface of the Earth. On its own, the term "latitude" normally refers to the ''geodetic latitude'' as defined below. Briefly, the geodetic latitude of a point is the angle formed between the vector perpendicular (or ''Normal (geometry), normal'') to the ellipsoidal surface from the point, and the equatorial plane, plane of the equator. Background Two levels of abstraction are employed in the definitions of latitude and longitude. In the first step the physical surface i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steam Power
A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. This pushing force can be transformed by a connecting rod and crank into rotational force for work. The term "steam engine" is most commonly applied to reciprocating engines as just described, although some authorities have also referred to the steam turbine and devices such as Hero's aeolipile as "steam engines". The essential feature of steam engines is that they are external combustion engines, where the working fluid is separated from the combustion products. The ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze this process is called the Rankine cycle. In general usage, the term ''steam engine'' can refer to either complete steam plants (including boilers etc.), such as railway steam locomotives and portable engines, or may refer to the piston or turbine machinery alone, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clear-cut
Clearcutting, clearfelling or clearcut logging is a forestry/logging practice in which most or all trees in an area are uniformly cut down. Along with shelterwood and seed tree harvests, it is used by foresters to create certain types of forest ecosystems and to promote select species that require an abundance of sunlight or grow in large, even-age stands. Clearcutting is a forestry practice that mimics the stand initiation stage of forest succession after a natural disturbance such as stand replacing fire or wind-throw, and is successful for regeneration of fast growing, sun tolerant tree species and wildlife species that readily regenerate in post-stand replacing sites. Logging companies and forest-worker unions in some countries support the practice for scientific, safety and economic reasons, while detractors consider it a form of deforestation that destroys natural habitats and contributes to climate change. Environmentalists, traditional owners, local residents a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Log Driving
Log driving is a means of moving logs (sawn tree trunks) from a forest to sawmills and pulp mills downstream using the current of a river. It was the main transportation method of the early logging industry in Europe and North America. History When the first sawmills were established, they were usually small water-powered facilities located near the source of timber, which might be converted to grist mills after farming became established when the forests had been cleared. Later, bigger circular sawmills were developed in the lower reaches of a river, with the logs floated down to them by log drivers. In the broader, slower stretches of a river, the logs might be bound together into timber rafts. In the smaller, wilder stretches of a river where rafts couldn't get through, masses of individual logs were driven down the river like huge herds of cattle. "Log floating" in Sweden (''timmerflottning'') had begun by the 16th century, and 17th century in Finland (''tukinuitto''). Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
