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BAP Unión (1865)
''BAP Unión'' was a corvette of the Peruvian Navy, originally ordered by the government of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. Built in France it was bought by the Peruvian Navy and during its service participated in the Chincha Islands War and in the War of the Pacific in which it was scuttled following the Blockade of Callao to prevent it falling into Chilean hands. The current Peruvian training ship; BAP Unión, BAP ''Unión'', is named after this vessel. History Construction and purchase During the American Civil War, the Confederate States ordered the French shipbuilder Henri Arman de Rivière to build 4 cruisers. He built 2 in his own shipyard in Bordeaux, under the names of ''Osaka'' and ''Yedo'', which were to be called ''Louisiana'' and ''Mississippi''. The other two were commissioned from his partner Voruz in Nantes, under the names of ''San Francisco'' and ''Shanghai'', which were to be called ''Texas'' and ''Georgia''. Due to pressure ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Jack Of Peru
A navy, naval force, military maritime fleet, war navy, or maritime force is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake-borne, riverine, littoral, or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions. It includes anything conducted by surface ships, amphibious ships, submarines, and seaborne aviation, as well as ancillary support, communications, training, and other fields. The strategic offensive role of a navy is projection of force into areas beyond a country's shores (for example, to protect sea-lanes, deter or confront piracy, ferry troops, or attack other navies, ports, or shore installations). The strategic defensive purpose of a navy is to frustrate seaborne projection-of-force by enemies. The strategic task of a navy also may incorporate nuclear deterrence by use of submarine-launched ballistic missiles. Naval operations can be broadly divided between riverine and littoral applications (brown-water nav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miguel Grau
Miguel María Grau Seminario (27 July 1834 – 8 October 1879) was a Peruvian Navy officer and politician best known for his actions during the War of the Pacific. He was nicknamed "Gentleman of the Seas" for his kind and chivalrous treatment of defeated enemies and is held in high esteem by both Peruvians and Chileans. Grau is an iconic figure for the Peruvian navy, and one of the most famous naval officers from the Americas. Early life Miguel Grau was born in Paita on 27 July 1834 in the house of Dr. Alexander Diamont Newel with the assistance of the midwife Tadea Castillo, also known as "The Morito," both prominent figures in Paita. His father was Juan Manuel Grau y Berrío, a Colombian who came to Peru with Bolivar in the fight for independence from Spain. Later, Juan bought property in Paita and worked at the Customs Office. The relationship between his parents was extramarital as his mother, María Luisa Seminario y del Castillo, was also married to Colombian captain Pí ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Randolph Tucker (naval Officer)
John Randolph Tucker (January 31, 1812 – June 12, 1883),was an American naval officer who served in the navies of three nations. He was a commander in the United States Navy, captain in the Confederate States Navy, and rear admiral in the Peruvian Navy. As president of the Peruvian Hydrographic Commission of the Amazon, he contributed to the exploration and mapping of the upper Amazon Basin. Early life He was born in Alexandria, Virginia to merchant captain John Tucker, originally from Bermuda, and Susan Douglas, daughter of Dr. Charles Douglas, an English physician. United States Navy Tucker became a United States Navy Midshipman on June 1, 1826, at age fourteen, and had service afloat in the Mediterranean and Brazil Squadrons prior to his promotion to Lieutenant on December 20, 1837. During the Mexican–American War, he served as a lieutenant commander in the Gulf of Mexico, commanding USS ''Stromboli'' until illness forced him to return north. From 1849 until 1855, he wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huáscar (ship)
Huáscar (; Quechua: ''Waskar Inka'') also Guazcar (before 15271532) was Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire from 1527 to 1532. He succeeded his father, Huayna Capac and his brother Ninan Cuyochi, both of whom died of smallpox during the same year while campaigning near Quito.de Gamboa, P.S., 2015, History of the Incas, Lexington, Biography The origin of his name is uncertain. One story is that Huáscar was named after a huge gold chain that was made to mark the occasion of his birth. "Huasca" is Quechua for "chain". Because his father did not think "chain" was an appropriate name for a prince, he added an ''r'' to the end of the name to make "Huáscar". Another story is that his name is from his birthplace, Huascarpata. The actual events that brought about Huáscar's succession are unclear. Conflicting factions and the fact that the Spanish chroniclers' accounts stemmed from the winners of the ensuing civil war led to conflicting versions of what actually happened. Thus, although ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peruvian Ironclad Independencia
''BAP Independencia'' was a broadside ironclad built in England for the Peruvian Navy during the mid-1860s. During the War of the Pacific of 1879–83, ''Independencia'' ran aground while pursuing the Chilean schooner '' Covadonga'' during the Battle of Punta Gruesa on 21 May 1879. The survivors were rescued by ''Huáscar'' and the wreck destroyed to prevent its capture. Description ''Independencia'' was long between perpendiculars, had a beam of and a draft of . The ship displaced . She had one trunk steam engine that drove her single propeller. The engine produced which gave the ship a speed of .Silverstone, p. 353 For long-distance travel, ''Independencia'' was fitted with three masts"Some South American Ironclads", p. 204 and barque rigged. She had a crew of 250 officers and crewmen.Gardiner, p. 418 The ship was armed with four Armstrong , twelve and four 30-pounder rifled, muzzle-loading guns. The 7-inch guns were on pivot mountings on the spar deck. She was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Blanco Encalada
Manuel José Blanco y Calvo de Encalada (; April 21, 1790 – September 5, 1876) was a vice-admiral in the Chilean Navy, a political figure, and Chile's first President (Provisional) (1826). Biography Born in Buenos Aires which was the capital of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, Blanco Encalada was the son of the Spanish Manuel Lorenzo Blanco Cicerón and of the Chilean Mercedes Calvo de Encalada y Recabarren. He was trained for the navy in Spain. Later, during the Chilean War of Independence, he joined the Chilean forces, where he served with distinction under Lord Cochrane and rose to rank of Vice-Admiral and commander of the Chilean forces in (1825), where he participated in the capture of Chiloé. The following year, Congress elected him to the newly established position of President of the Republic. He soon had several fights with Congress, which was trying to install a federalist system, and resigned within two months. Later, he joined the wars against the Per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Williams Rebolledo
Juan Williams Rebolledo (c. 182524June 1910) was a Chilean rear admiral who was the organizer and commander-in-chief of the Chilean navy in 1879 at the beginning of the War of the Pacific. As a politician, he was elected from Valparaiso to the national Congress in 1867, and in 1873 he was elected as city councillor. Early life Williams was the son of John Williams Wilson, an English-Chilean navy officer, and Micaela Rebolledo, born in Chile. From a seafaring family in Bristol, England, his father had immigrated to Chile at the age of 27 to serve in its recently formed navy under the command of Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald, Lord Cochrane. He reached the rank of commander. The younger Williams joined the navy in 1844. After rising quite fast through the ranks, in 1855 he was appointed General Commandant of the Arsenals and Maritime Governor of Atacama Province, Chile, Atacama, then the northernmost province of Chile. Chincha Islands War years In 1865 Williams became co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Screw Frigate
Steam frigates (including screw frigates) and the smaller steam corvettes, steam sloops, steam gunboats and steam schooners, were steam-powered warships that were not meant to stand in the line of battle. The first such ships were paddle steamers. Later on the invention of screw propulsion enabled construction of screw-powered versions of the traditional frigates, corvettes, sloops and gunboats. Evolution First steam warships The first small vessel that can be considered a steam warship was the '' Demologos'', which was launched in 1815 for the United States Navy. From the early 1820s, the British Navy began building a number of small steam warships including the armed tugs and , and by the 1830s the navies of America, Russia and France were experimenting with steam-powered warships. Hellenic sloop-of-war '' Kartería'' (Καρτερία; Greek for "Perseverance") was the first steam-powered warship to be used in combat operations in history. It was built in 1825 in an Eng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Abtao
The Battle of Abtao was a naval action fought on February 7, 1866, during the Chincha Islands War, between a Spanish squadron and a combined Peruvian-Chilean fleet, at the island of Abtao in the Gulf of Ancud near Chiloé Archipelago in south-central Chile. It was limited to a long-range exchange of fire between the two squadrons, as the allied ships, anchored behind the island, were protected by shallow waters inaccessible to the Spanish ships, whose gunnery, nevertheless, proved more accurate and inflicted damage to the Chilean and Peruvian ships.VV.AA.: ''Imperial Wars 1815–1914''. Amber Books: London, 2013, , p. 210. Background Dispatched by Peruvian president Mariano Ignacio Prado, who had rallied the South American republics in defense against Spanish aggression, the allies had sailed in convoy from the town of Ancud to the island of Abtao to await the arrival of two new corvettes acquired by Peru. The Spanish commander Casto Méndez Núñez, informed of the locati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peruvian Frigate Apurímac
''BAP Apurímac'' was the second Frigate#Age of steam, steam frigate of the Peruvian Navy, built in England in 1855 along with the steam schooners ''Loa'' and ''Tumbes'' as a part of a major build-up of the Navy during the government of President José Rufino Echenique. A veteran of two wars and many internal conflicts, due to her age, she served as training ship in Callao port from 1873 until 17 January 1881, when she was scuttled along with the rest of the Peruvian Navy to prevent capture by Chilean troops who occupied the port the following day after the defeat of the Peruvian Army in the battles of San Juan and Battle of Miraflores, Miraflores. Construction In 1852, Peru had one of South America's most powerful navies. It had two steam warships, the paddle steamer ''Rímac'' and the screw frigate ''Amazonas'', and was surpassed in the region only by Brazil, the United States, and the Pacific fleets of France and England (which had also recently been reinforced with steam war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Villar Olivera
Manuel Villar Olivera (March 30, 1801 – October 6, 1889) was a Peruvian Rear-Admiral who had a long service career in the army of his country, from the Peruvian War of Independence to the War of the Pacific. He is best known for having commanded the Peruvian-Chilean allied squad in the Battle of Abtao, facing the Spanish Pacific Squad during the Chincha Islands War. Early years Manuel Villar Olivera was born in the city of Lima, then capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru. He was the son of Pascual Villar, artillery colonel in the Royal Army of Peru, and Agustina Olivera. He made his first nautical studies at the Royal Nautical Academy of Lima and was admitted as a midshipman in 1819. Independence of Peru and war with Spain In 1820 he joined the patriotic army of General José de San Martín, when the liberating expedition arrived on Peruvian shores. At Lord Cochrane's orders, he took part in the Capture of the frigate Esmeralda, the most powerful ship the Spanish had in Call ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mariano Ignacio Prado
Mariano Ignacio Prado Ochoa (18 December 1825 – 5 May 1901) was a Peruvian army general who served as the 17th (1865 - 1868) and 21st (1876 - 1879) President of Peru. Biography Born in Huánuco on 18 December 1825, he studied in Huánuco and then in Lima. He entered the army at an early age and served in the provinces of Southern Peru. In 1865, Prado led a coup to overthrow President Juan Antonio Pezet who under the threat of a large Spanish fleet surrendered sovereignty over the Chincha Islands and agreed to pay a large indemnity to Spain. Vice President Pedro Diez Canseco became Provisional President until new elections were held later that year and which Prado won. In 1866 the Spanish fleet attacked and was defeated under General Prado's command at the Battle of Dos de Mayo in Callao 1866. His 12 year old son and later hero Leoncio Prado participated in the battle. Prado had put together an alliance with Chile, Bolivia and Ecuador all of whom supplied troops that defea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
