|
Air India Flight 403
Air India Flight 403 was a scheduled Air India passenger flight that crashed at Sahar International Airport in Bombay, India on 21 June 1982. It was likely caused by miscalculated altitude in a heavy rainstorm. Accident On 21 June 1982, Air India Flight 403, a Boeing 707-437 (registered VT-DJJ) named ''Gauri Shankar'', arriving from Kuala Lumpur International Airport via Madras (now Chennai), crashed after a hard landing during a rainstorm. The fuselage exploded after starting a late go-around. Of 111 occupants on the aircraft, 2 of 12 crew members and 15 of 99 passengers were killed. Investigation The Indian board of inquiry A tribunal of inquiry is an official review of events or actions ordered by a government body. In many common law countries, such as the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia and Canada, such a public inquiry differs from a royal commission in that ... determined the probable cause of the crash to be "Deliberate reduction of engine power by the pilot 12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pilot Error
Pilot error generally refers to an Aviation accidents and incidents, accident in which an action or decision made by the Aircraft pilot#Airline, pilot was the cause or a contributing factor that led to the accident, but also includes the pilot's failure to make a correct decision or take proper action. Errors are intentional actions that fail to achieve their intended outcomes. Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation, Chicago Convention defines accident as "An occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft [...] in which [...] a person is fatally or seriously injured [...] ''except when the injuries are [...] inflicted by other persons."'' Hence the definition of the "pilot error" does not include deliberate crash (and such crash is not an accident). The causes of pilot error include psychological and physiological human limitations. Various forms of threat and error management have been implemented into pilot training programs to teach crew members how t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hard Landing
A hard landing occurs when an aircraft or spacecraft hits the ground with a greater vertical speed and force than in a normal landing. Landing is the final phase in flight, in which the aircraft returns to the ground. The average vertical speed in a landing is around ; any greater vertical speed should be classed by crew as ''hard''. Crew judgment is most reliable to determine hard landing, as determination based on recorded acceleration value is difficult and not advisable, partially because there is no recording of true vertical acceleration. Hard landings can be caused by weather conditions, mechanical problems, overweight aircraft, pilot decision and/or pilot error. The term ''hard landing'' usually implies that the pilot still has total or partial control over the aircraft, as opposed to an uncontrolled descent into terrain (a crash). Hard landings can vary in their consequences, from mild passenger discomfort to vehicle damage, structural failure, injuries, and/or loss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1982 In India
Events in the year 1982 in the Republic of India. Incumbents * President of India – Neelam Sanjiva Reddy until 25 July, Zail Singh * Prime Minister of India – Indira Gandhi * Chief Justice of India – Yeshwant Vishnu Chandrachud Governors * Andhra Pradesh – K. C. Abraham * Assam – Prakash Mehrotra * Bihar – Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai * Gujarat – Sharda Mukherjee * Haryana – Ganpatrao Devji Tapase * Himachal Pradesh – A. K. Banerjee * Jammu and Kashmir – B. K. Nehru * Karnataka – Govind Narain (until 15 April), Ashoknath Banerji (starting 15 April) * Kerala – Jothi Venkatachalam (until 27 October), P. Ramachandran (starting 27 October) * Madhya Pradesh – B. D. Sharma * Maharashtra – O. P. Mehra (until 5 March), Idris Hasan Latif (starting 5 March) * Manipur – S. M. H. Burney * Meghalaya – Prakash Mehrotra * Nagaland – S. M. H. Burney * Odisha – ** until 24 June: Cheppudira Muthana Poonacha ** 25 June-31 August: Ranganat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Air India Accidents And Incidents
The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, known collectively as air, retained by Earth's gravity that surrounds the planet and forms its planetary atmosphere. The atmosphere of Earth protects life on Earth by creating pressure allowing for liquid water to exist on the Earth's surface, absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation, warming the surface through heat retention (greenhouse effect), and reducing temperature extremes between day and night (the diurnal temperature variation). By mole fraction (i.e., by number of molecules), dry air contains 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases. Air also contains a variable amount of water vapor, on average around 1% at sea level, and 0.4% over the entire atmosphere. Air composition, temperature, and atmospheric pressure vary with altitude. Within the atmosphere, air suitable for use in photosynthesis by terrestrial plants and breathing of terrestrial animals is found only in E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
