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Autobiographical Comics
An autobiographical comic (also autobio, graphic memoir, or autobiocomic) is an autobiography in the form of comic books or comic strips. The form first became popular in the underground comix movement and has since become more widespread. It is currently most popular in Canadian, American and French comics; all artists listed below are from the U.S. unless otherwise specified. Autobiographical comics are a form of biographical comics (also known as biocomics). 1880s * Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro (1846–1905) "made an attempt of an autobiographical comics exercise"Marcos Farrajota"Desassossego"(reprinting his article of introduction to Portuguese comics for ''Š!'' magazine) in his 1881 graphic reportage book ''No Lazareto de Lisboa'' ("The Lazaretto of Lisbon"), by including himself and personal thoughts. Some of Bordalo Pinheiro's panels and strips were also autobiographical, such as self-caricatures of personal anecdotes from his travel in Brazil. 1910s * Fay King (cartoonis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autobiography
An autobiography, sometimes informally called an autobio, is a self-written account of one's own life, providing a personal narrative that reflects on the author's experiences, memories, and insights. This genre allows individuals to share their unique perspectives and stories, offering readers a glimpse into the author's personal journey and the historical or cultural context in which they lived. The term "autobiography" was first used in 1797, but the practice of writing about one's life dates back to antiquity. Early examples include Saint Augustine's '' Confessions'' (), which is considered one of the first Western autobiographies. Unlike biographies, which are written by someone else, autobiographies are based on the author's memory and personal interpretation of events, making them inherently subjective. This subjectivity can sometimes lead to inaccuracies or embellishments, as the author may recall events differently or choose to present them in a certain light. Autobi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comic Books
A comic book, comic-magazine, or simply comic is a publication that consists of comics art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panel (comics), panels that represent individual scenes. Panels are often accompanied by descriptive prose and written narrative, usually dialogue contained in word balloons emblematic of the comics art form. ''Comic Cuts'' was a British comic published from 1890 to 1953. It was preceded by ''Ally Sloper's Half Holiday'' (1884), which is notable for its use of sequential Cartoon, cartoons to unfold narrative. These British comics existed alongside the popular lurid "penny dreadfuls" (such as ''Spring-heeled Jack''), boys' "story papers" and the humorous ''Punch (magazine), Punch'' magazine, which was the first to use the term "cartoon" in its modern sense of a humorous drawing. The first modern American comic book, American-style comic book, ''Famous Funnies: A Carnival of Comics'', was released in the US in 1933 and was a reprinting of earlier newsp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Militarism
was the ideology in the Empire of Japan which advocated the belief that militarism should dominate the political and social life of the nation, and the belief that the strength of the military is equal to the strength of a nation. It was most prominent from the start of conscription after the Meiji Restoration until the Japanese defeat in World War II, roughly 1873 to 1945. Since then, pacifism has been enshrined in the postwar Constitution of Japan as one of its key tenets. History Rise of militarism The military had a strong influence on Japanese society from the Meiji Restoration. Almost all leaders in Japanese society during the Meiji period (whether in the military, politics or business) were ex''-samurai'' or descendants of ''samurai'', and shared a set of values and outlooks. The early Meiji government viewed Japan as threatened by western imperialism, and one of the prime motivations for the '' Fukoku Kyohei'' policy ("Enrich the Country, Strengthen the Armed Forces" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tokubetsu Kōtō Keisatsu
The , often abbreviated , was, from 1911 to 1945, a Japanese policing organization, established within the Home Ministry for the purpose of carrying out civil law enforcement, control of political groups and ideologies deemed to threaten the public order of the Empire of Japan, counterintelligence, domestic criminal investigations, high policing, and public security.W. G. Beasley, ''The Rise of Modern Japan'', p. 184, . As the civilian counterpart to the military police forces of the ''Kenpeitai'' (army) and of the '' Tokkeitai'' (navy), the Tokkō's functions were counter espionage and criminal investigation. The Tokubetsu Kōtō Keisatsu was also known by various nicknames such as the and as the . History Establishment The High Treason Incident of 1910 was the stimulus for the establishment of the Tokkō under the aegis of the Home Ministry. With the Russian Revolution, unrest at home due to the Rice Riots of 1918, increase in strikes and labor unrest from the labor movement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitsu Yashima
was an artist, children's book author, and civic activist. Life Mitsu was the daughter of a shipbuilding company executive. She attended Kobe College, and later enrolled at Bunka Gakuin in Tokyo. In the 1930s, she joined a Marxist study group, where she met her future husband, artist Taro Yashima. She and her husband painted farmers and laborers, and participated in exhibitions of art that critiqued Japan's military expansion and the government's increasingly heavy handed suppression of dissent. She and her husband were later imprisoned and brutalized by the Tokkō (special higher police) in response to their antiwar, anti-Imperialist, and anti-militarist stance in the 1930s. Their lives from this time are depicted in her husband's picture books, published in English, ''The New Sun'' and ''Horizon is Calling''. Mitsu and Taro's son Makoto Iwamatsu was born in 1933. He would eventually become a renowned actor and voice actor. In 1939 she and Taro went to America so that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taro Yashima
was a Japanese-American artist and children's book author. He immigrated to the United States in 1939 and assisted the U.S. war effort. Early life Iwamatsu was born September 21, 1908, in Nejime, Kagoshima, Nejime, Kimotsuki District, Kagoshima, and raised there on the southern coast of Kyushu. His father was a country doctor who collected oriental art and encouraged art in his son. He graduated from Kagoshima Prefectural Daini-Kagoshima Middle School (now Kagoshima Prefectural Konan High School).宇佐美承(USAMI Shō)"さよなら日本 絵本作家八島太郎と光子の亡命",Japan:晶文社(Shōbunsha),1981,pp46-55 After studying for three years at Tokyo Fine Arts School (now the Faculty of Fine Arts, Tokyo University of the Arts), Iwamatsu was expelled for insubordination and for missing a military drill. He then joined a group of progressive artists, sympathetic to the struggles of ordinary workers and opposed to the rise of Japanese militarism. The antimilitarist mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Four Immigrants Manga
''The Four Immigrants Manga'' (1931), also known as , is a Japanese-language manga written and illustrated by Henry Kiyama, born . It is an early example of autobiographical comics. The manga was created around 1924–1927 as 52 "episodes", each a two-page spread intended for serialization in a Japanese-language newspaper. In 1927, the originals were exhibited at San Francisco's Golden Gate Institute. In 1931, it was self published in San Francisco as a one-shot manga. It was republished in Japan by Shimpu in August 2012. It was translated into English by Frederik L. Schodt and was published by Stone Bridge Press as ''The Four Immigrants Manga: A Japanese Experience in San Francisco 1904–1924'' in October 1998. In summer 2017, it was adapted into ''The Four Immigrants: An American Musical Manga'' at TheatreWorks (Silicon Valley). Development The manga drew from the experiences of Kiyama and his three friends when they were college-age Japanese immigrants to San Francisco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlos Botelho
Carlos Botelho (18 September 1899, in Lisbon – 18 August 1982, in Lisbon) was a Portuguese painter, illustrator, comics artist, political cartoonist, satirist and caricaturist, whose works are shown at the Chiado Museum and at the Modern Art Centre José de Azeredo Perdigão / Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, in Lisbon. Botelho was one of the most relevant Portuguese artists of his generation. Early years Carlos Botelho was an only child to parents who were musicians, and it was music that dominated his childhood. His father died in 1910. He attended secondary school at the Pedro Nunes Grammar School, in Lisbon, which is where he held his first solo exhibition and befriends Bento de Jesus Caraça and Luís Ernâni Dias Amado. He then enrolls in the Lisbon School of Fine Arts, which he abandons after a short time, then ending his conventional training. Botelho will be an eminently self-taught artist. He marries Beatriz Santos Botelho in 1922. The marriage bore two ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hinko Smrekar
Hinko Smrekar (13 July 1883 – 1 October 1942) was a Slovenian painter, draughtsman, caricaturist, graphic artist, and illustrator. Smrekar was a member of the Vesna Art Club, which was active in Vienna, and a partisan in the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation during the Nazi occupation of Yugoslavia. The Hinko Smrekar Primary School in Ljubljana and the Hinko Smrekar Prize in Celje, the highest Slovenian award in the field of illustration (since 1993), are named after him. At the time when, as a collaborator of the Slovene Liberation Front, he was hastily shot by the Italian fascists in the vicinity of the gravel pit used for summary executions (now the Gramozna Jama Memorial), he was living in the "Villa Kurnik" on Alešovčeva Street (No 38) in Šiška. He is buried in the Memorial Park of Fallen Combatants and Hostages at Žale. Biography Smrekar was born in Ljubljana. After the 1895 earthquake, Smrekar's house collapsed due to instability, and his family moved se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fay King (cartoonist)
Fay Barbara King (March 1889 – presumed dead fter 1954 was an American illustrator, journalist, and cartoonist. Some of her work represents an early example of autobiographical comics. King worked for newspapers and magazines in the early twentieth century (at least from 1912 to 1937), moving to New York City in 1918. She was one of the popular Jazz Age cartoonists appearing in the 1924 comedy ''The Great White Way''. Biography King was born in Seattle, Washington in March 1889, to John and Ella King. She was raised in Portland, Oregon, and went to college at Seattle University. The young King was adventurous, being one of the first women in the Portland area to own an automobile, and in 1912 had announced plans for a balloon ascension with noted early parachutist Georgia "Tiny" Broadwick, before the plan was rejected by her parents, according to an article in ''The Oregonian''. King's father had been an employee at a Turkish bath, as well a trainer of athletes, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
