|
Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)
The Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718) was fought between Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire. The 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz was not an acceptable permanent agreement for the Ottoman Empire. Twelve years after Karlowitz, it began the long-term prospect of taking revenge for its defeat at the Battle of Vienna in 1683. First, the army of Turkish Grand Vizier Baltacı Mehmet defeated Peter the Great's Russian Army in the Russo-Turkish War (1710–1711). Then, during the Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718), Ottoman Grand Vizier Damat Ali reconquered the Morea from the Venetians. As the guarantor of the Treaty of Karlowitz, the Austrians threatened the Ottoman Empire, which caused it to declare war in April 1716. On 2 August 1716, the first engagement of the war took place at the Battle of Karlowitz, which resulted in an Ottoman victory. Three days later, Prince Eugene of Savoy defeated the Turks at the Battle of Petrovaradin. The Banat and its capital, Temesvár, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Petrovaradin
The Battle of Petrovaradin also known as the Battle of Peterwardein, took place on 5 August 1716 during the Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718), Austro-Turkish War when the Ottoman army besieged the Habsburg-controlled fortress of Petrovaradin on the Military Frontier of the Habsburg monarchy (today Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia). The Ottomans attempted to capture Petrovaradin, the so-called Petrovaradin Fortress, Gibraltar on the Danube, but experienced a great defeat by an army half the size of their own, similar to the defeat they had experienced in 1697 at the Battle of Zenta. Ottoman Grand Vizier Damad Ali Pasha was fatally wounded, while the Ottoman army lost 20,000 men and 250 guns to the Habsburg army led by Field Marshal Prince Eugene of Savoy. The Austrians consolidated this victory by marching into the Banat and conquering Siege of Temeşvar (1716), Temesvár, the last remaining Turkish fortress in Kingdom of Hungary, Hungary, followed by Siege of Belgrade (1717), Belgrad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hajduk
A hajduk (, plural of ) is a type of Irregular military, irregular infantry found in Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and parts of Southeast Europe from the late 16th to mid 19th centuries, especially from Hajdú–Bihar County, Hajdú-Bihar county. They have reputations ranging from bandits to freedom fighters depending on time, place, and their enemies. In the European lands of the Ottoman Empire, the term ''hajduk'' was used to describe bandits and brigands of the Balkans, while in Central Europe for the West Slavs, Hungarians, and Germans, and Eastern Europe for the Ukrainians, it was used to refer to outlaws who protected Christians against provocative actions by the Ottomans. By the 17th century they were firmly established in the Ottoman Balkans, owing to increased taxes, Christian victories against the Ottomans, and a general decline in security. Hajduk bands predominantly numbered one hundred men each, with a firm hierarchy under one leader. They tar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hacı Halil Pasha
Hacı Halil Pasha (; ?–1733) was an Ottoman Grand vizier. His ephitet ''Hacı'' means "pilgrim". Early years Hacı Halil Pasha was born to a Turkish family in Kemaliye (then known as Eğin) and rose through the Bostancı corps. In 1694, he resigned and went to Baghdad (now in Iraq) as the subordinate of the Baghdad governor. In 1711 he was promoted to the overall command of the Bostancı corps (''Bostancıbaşı'') and in 1716 to the post of beylerbey the Erzurum Eyalet. However he didn't serve in Erzurum due to the outbreak of the Austro-Turkish War of 1716–18, being reassigned to serve in Belgrade (now in Serbia). Grand Vizier During the decisive Battle of Petrovaradin on 5 August 1716, the grand vizier Silahdar Ali Pasha was killed. Upon the suggestion of the commanders, the sultan appointed Halil Pasha as the new grand vizier. Next year he campaigned to aid Belgrade, which was being besieged by the Austrian army. However Eugene of Savoy of Austria defeated Halil P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silahdar Damat Ali Pasha
Silahdar Damat Ali Pasha (1667 – 5 August 1716), also called Silahdar Ali Pasha, was an Ottoman Empire, Ottoman general and Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, Grand Vizier. His epithet ''silahdar Agha, silahdar'' means arms-bearer and ''damat'' means bridegroom, because he married Fatma Sultan (daughter of Ahmed III), Fatma Sultan. Early life Ali Pasha was born to a Turkish people, Turkish family in Iznik (ancient Nicaea), in modern Turkey. His father's name was Hacı Hüseyin. He was trained in the Enderun palace school in Istanbul and during the reign of Mustafa II he was appointed to be the personal secretary of the sultan. In 1709, he was engaged to the daughter of Ahmet III, gaining the title ''damat'' () and was appointed as the Second Vizier. On 27 April 1713, he became the Grand Vizier. Term as Grand Vizier Shortly after his appointment, he succeeded in ratifying the Treaty of Pruth with Tsardom of Russia, Russia, thus securing the northern frontiers of the Ottoman E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alessandro Maffei
Alessandro Ferdinando Maffei (3 October 1662, Verona – January 1730, Munich) was an Italian Lieutenant General of Infantry in the service of the Electorate of Bavaria. He was the brother of the Italian writer and archaeologist Francesco Scipione. De Maffei was born at Verona. After entering the army of Bavaria in 1683 he was wounded at the Siege of Mongatz in 1687; he was later promoted to Colonel in 1696. During the War of the Spanish Succession he served as the second in command at the Battle of Schellenberg in 1704. In 1706 he led a brigade at the Battle of Ramillies against the Allied forces under the command of the Duke of Marlborough. After being taken prisoner, he became involved in abortive negotiations for peace. In 1717 he contributed to the victory over the Turks at the Siege of Belgrade in the Austro-Turkish War and was subsequently made Field Marshal of the Holy Roman Empire. He died in Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice De Saxe
Maurice, Count of Saxony (, ; 28 October 1696 – 20 November 1750) was a notable soldier, officer and a famed military commander of the 18th century. The illegitimate son of Augustus II the Strong, King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Elector of Saxony, he initially served in the Army of the Holy Roman Empire, then the Imperial Army (Holy Roman Empire), Imperial Army, before finally entering French service. De Saxe became a Marshal of France, Marshal and even Marshal General of France. He is best known for his deeds in the War of the Austrian Succession and especially for his decisive victory at the Battle of Fontenoy. Childhood Maurice was born at Goslar, an Illegitimacy, illegitimate son of Augustus II the Strong, King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Elector of Saxony, and the Countess Maria Aurora of Königsmarck. He was the first of eight extramarital children whom August acknowledged, although as many as 354 are claimed by sources, including Wilhelmine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
János Pálffy
Johann Bernhard Stephan, Graf Pálffy de Erdőd (, ; 20 August 1664 – 24 March 1751) was a Hungarian noble, Imperial Field marshal and Palatine of Hungary. An accomplished military leader and diplomat during the time of Prince Eugène of Savoy, he was born into one of Hungary's richest families loyal to the House of Habsburg. He joined the Imperial Army in 1681 and rose swiftly through the ranks after distinguishing himself at battles such as Vienna, Párkány and Mohács. He played a key role in Rákóczi's War of Independence, securing victories and negotiating truces with the rebel commander. Beyond his military career, Pálffy took on important diplomatic tasks, helping to secure noble support for the Pragmatic sanction. After the war, he was elected Palatine of Hungary and became a trusted advisor to Empress Maria Theresa until his death in 1751. Early life and career János (Johann) Pálffy was the third son of Count Miklós IV Pálffy de Erdőd (1619–1679) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoniotto Botta Adorno
Antoniotto Botta Adorno or Anton Otto Marchese Botta d'Adorno (1688 – 29 December 1774) was a high officer of the Habsburg monarchy and a plenipotentiary of the Austrian Netherlands. Biography He was born in Branduzzo, present-day Lombardy, to a noble family from Genoa whose members included seven doges of that city. His mother had an alleged love affair with King Philip V of Spain. A year after his birth his father, accused of an attempted coup, was expelled from the Republic of Genoa. In 1700, Antoniotto's father died, and, as the family fiefs went to his elder brother Alessandro, he chose a military career. He distinguished himself during the Siege of Belgrade (1717), where he fought alongside Eugene of Savoy. Promoted subsequently as lieutenant colonel, general and marshal, he received the supreme command of Austrian troops in northern Italy during the War of Austrian Succession. In 1746, he led the Austro-Savoyard right wing in the victorious Battle of Piacenza against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Alexander, Duke Of Württemberg
Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was "free man". The Old English descendant of this word was '' Ċearl'' or ''Ċeorl'', as the name of King Cearl of Mercia, that disappeared after the Norman conquest of England. The name was notably borne by Charlemagne (Charles the Great), and was at the time Latinized as ''Karolus'' (as in ''Vita Karoli Magni''), later also as '' Carolus''. Etymology The name's etymology is a Common Germanic noun ''*karilaz'' meaning "free man", which survives in English as churl (James (wikt:Appendix:Proto-Indo-European/ǵerh₂-">ĝer-, where the ĝ is a palatal consonant, meaning "to rub; to be old; grain." An old man has been worn away and is now grey with age. In some Slavic languages, the name ''Drago (given name), Drago'' (and variants: ''Dragom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Eugene Of Savoy
Prince Eugene Francis of Savoy-Carignano (18 October 1663 – 21 April 1736), better known as Prince Eugene, was a distinguished Generalfeldmarschall, field marshal in the Army of the Holy Roman Empire and of the Austrian Habsburg dynasty during the 17th and 18th centuries. Renowned as one of the greatest military commanders of his era, Prince Eugene also rose to the highest offices of state at the Imperial court in Vienna spending six decades in the service of three emperors. Born in Paris, to the son of a French count and a niece of Cardinal Mazarin, Eugene was raised at the court of King Louis XIV. Initially destined for the priesthood as the youngest son of a noble family, he chose to pursue a military career at 19. Due to his poor physique and possibly a scandal involving his mother, Louis XIV denied him a commission in the French Royal Army and forbade him from enlisting elsewhere. Embittered, Eugene fled France and entered the service of Emperor Leopold I, Holy Roman Empe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eyalet Of Bosnia
The Eyalet of Bosnia (; By Gábor Ágoston, Bruce Alan Masters ; ), was an eyalet (administrative division, also known as a ''beylerbeylik'') of the Ottoman Empire, mostly based on the territory of the present-day state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Prior to the Great Turkish War, it had also included most of Slavonia, Lika, and Dalmatia in present-day Croatia. Its reported area in 1853 was . Background After the execution of King Stephen Tomašević in 1463, the central part of the Kingdom of Bosnia was transformed into the sanjak of Bosnia. The Duchy of Herzegovina was added in 1483. History Establishment In 1580, Ferhad Pasha Sokolović became the first governor of the Bosnia Eyalet, as beylerbey (also referred to as "pasha"). The Bosnia Eyalet (or Pashaluk) included the Sanjak of Bosnia (central province), Sanjak of Herzegovina, Sanjak of Viçitrina, Sanjak of Prizren, Sanjak of Klis, Sanjak of Krka, and Sanjak of Pakrac. The Ottoman wars in Europe continued throu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Herzegovina 1760 Flag
Western may refer to: Places *Western, Nebraska, a village in the US *Western, New York, a town in the US *Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia * Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western world, countries that identify with shared "Western" culture *Western United States, a region of the United States Arts and entertainment Films * ''Western'' (1997 film), a French road movie directed by Manuel Poirier * ''Western'' (2017 film), a German-Austrian film Genres *Western (genre), a category of fiction and visual art centered on the American Old West **Western fiction, the Western genre as featured in literature **Western film, the western genre in film **Western music (North America), a type of American folk music Music * ''Westerns'' (EP), an EP by Pete Yorn *WSTRN, a British hip hop group from west London *"Western" a song by Black Midi from ''Schlagenheim'' Business * The Western, a closed hotel/casino in Las Vegas, United States *Western Cart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
