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Australian Public Service
The Australian Public Service (APS) is the federal civil service of the Commonwealth of Australia responsible for the public administration, public policy, and public services of the departments and executive and statutory agencies of the Government of Australia. The Australian Public Service was established at the Federation of Australia in 1901 as the Commonwealth Public Service and modelled on the Westminster system and United Kingdom's Civil Service. The establishment and operation of the Australian Public Service is governed by the '' Public Service Act 1999'' of the Parliament of Australia as an "apolitical public service that is efficient and effective in serving the Government, the Parliament and the Australian public". The conduct of Australian public servants is also governed by a Code of Conduct and guided by the APS Values set by the Australian Public Service Commission. As such, the employees and officers of the Australian Public Service are obliged to serve t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of Australia
The coat of arms of Australia, officially the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, is a formal symbol of the Commonwealth of Australia. It depicts a shield, containing symbols of Australia's six states, and is held up by native Australian animals, the kangaroo and the emu. The seven-pointed Commonwealth Star surmounting the crest also represents the states and territories, while golden wattle, the national floral emblem, appears below the shield. The first arms were authorised by Edward VII, King Edward VII on 7 May 1908, and the current version by George V, King George V on 19 September 1912, although the 1908 version continued to be used in some contexts, notably appearing on the obverse and reverse, reverse of the Sixpence (Australian), sixpenny coin. Design Escutcheon The Escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (central shield) is the focal point of the coat of arms, and contains six Quarter (heraldry), quarters, each containing a representation of the badge of an Australian state. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Agency
A government agency or state agency, sometimes an appointed commission, is a permanent or semi-permanent organization in the machinery of government (bureaucracy) that is responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions, such as an Administration (government), administration. There is a notable variety of agency types. Although usage differs, a government agency is normally distinct both from a department or Ministry (government department), ministry, and other types of public body established by government. The functions of an agency are normally executive in character since different types of organizations (''such as commissions'') are most often constituted in an advisory role — this distinction is often blurred in practice however, it is not allowed. A government agency may be established by either a national government or a state government within a federal system. Agencies can be established by legislation or by executive powers. The autonomy, indep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Mandarin (website)
''The Mandarin'' is an Australian online magazine, owned by Private Media. History The Mandarin was launched in 2014 as a part of Private Media's "broader focus on business and the government sector"; Ken Henry, Lucy Turnbull, and Graeme Samuel served on the website's initial advisory committee. Tom Burton, former executive editor at ''The Sydney Morning Herald'', was appointed publisher. The website's audience grew to around 25,000 subscribers and 90,000 unique visitors to the website per month by 2018. Chris Johnson was a past managing editor. In 2019 Tom Burton departed the company after being appointed editor of ''The Australian Financial Review'' coverage of government issues. The Mandarin's reporting has been referenced by ''The New Daily'' and the ''Sydney Morning Herald''. Description and people Peter Gearin, formerly special reports editor at The Mandarin, is editor of the publication, which reports news of interest to Australian public sector The pu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machinery Of Government
The machinery of government (sometimes abbreviated as MoG) is the interconnected structures and processes of government, such as the functions and accountability of departments in the executive branch of government. The term is used particularly in the context of changes to established systems of public administration where different elements of machinery are created. The phrase 'machinery of government' was thought to have been first used by author John Stuart Mill in '' Considerations on Representative Government'' (1861). It was notably used to a public audience by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a radio broadcast in 1934, commenting on the role of the National Recovery Administration (NRA) in delivering the New Deal. A number of national governments, including those of Australia, Canada, South Africa, and the United Kingdom, have adopted the term in official usage. Australia In Australia, the terms 'machinery of government changes' and 'administrative re-arrange ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Security
Welfare spending is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet basic human needs such as food and shelter. Social security may either be synonymous with welfare, or refer specifically to social insurance programs which provide support only to those who have previously contributed (e.g. pensions), as opposed to ''social assistance'' programs which provide support on the basis of need alone (e.g. most disability benefits). The International Labour Organization defines social security as covering support for those in old age, support for the maintenance of children, medical treatment, parental and sick leave, unemployment and disability benefits, and support for sufferers of occupational injury. More broadly, welfare may also encompass efforts to provide a basic level of well-being through subsidized ''social services'' such as healthcare, education, infrastructure, vocational training, and public housing.''The New Fontana Diction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiscal Policy
In economics and political science, fiscal policy is the use of government revenue collection ( taxes or tax cuts) and expenditure to influence a country's economy. The use of government revenue expenditures to influence macroeconomic variables developed in reaction to the Great Depression of the 1930s, when the previous laissez-faire approach to economic management became unworkable. Fiscal policy is based on the theories of the British economist John Maynard Keynes, whose Keynesian economics theorised that government changes in the levels of taxation and government spending influence aggregate demand and the level of economic activity. Fiscal and monetary policy are the key strategies used by a country's government and central bank to advance its economic objectives. The combination of these policies enables these authorities to target inflation and to increase employment. In modern economies, inflation is conventionally considered "healthy" in the range of 2%–3%. Add ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Security
National security, or national defence (national defense in American English), is the security and Defence (military), defence of a sovereign state, including its Citizenship, citizens, economy, and institutions, which is regarded as a duty of government. Originally conceived as protection against Offensive (military), military attack, national security is widely understood to include also non-military dimensions, such as the security from terrorism, minimization of crime, economic security, energy security, environmental security, food security, and Computer security, cyber-security. Similarly, national security risks include, in addition to the actions of other State (polity), states, action by violent non-state actors, by narcotic cartels, organized crime, by multinational corporations, and also the effects of natural disasters. Governments rely on a range of measures, including Political power, political, Economic power, economic, and military power, as well as diplomacy, to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Public Service Commission
The Australian Public Service Commission (APSC) is a statutory agency of the Government of Australia, Australian Government, within the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (Australia), Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, that acts to ensure the organisational and workforce capability to meet future needs and sustainability of the Australian Public Service (APS), that comprises approximately people, or 0.8% of the Australian workforce. The Commission was established pursuant to the ''Public Service Act 1999'' and is led by the List of Commissioners of the Australian Public Service, Australian Public Service Commissioner. Gordon de Brouwer, Dr Gordon de Brouwer PSM was appointed Commissioner on 11 May 2023, taking over from Peter Woolcott . The Merit Protection Commissioner is Linda Waugh. Both Commissioners work closely with the Minister Assisting the Prime Minister for the Public Service, currently Katy Gallagher. APSC employs around 200 staff, with offices ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of Australia
The Parliament of Australia (officially the Parliament of the Commonwealth and also known as the Federal Parliament) is the federal legislature of Australia. It consists of three elements: the Monarchy of Australia, monarch of Australia (represented by the Governor-General of Australia, governor-general), the Australian Senate, Senate (the upper house), and the Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives (the lower house).''Australian Constitution's 1– via Austlii. The Australian Parliament combines elements from the British Westminster system, in which the party or coalition with a majority in the lower house is entitled to form a government, and the United States Congress, which affords equal representation to each of the states, and scrutinises legislation before it can be signed into law. The upper house, the Senate, consists of 76 members: twelve for each States and territories of Australia, state, and two for each of the self-governing States and terr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Service Act 1999
The Public Service Act 1999 () is an Australian law, passed in 1999 by the Howard government that regulates the federal Australian Public Service. The Act regulates the employment of federal public servants in Australia. The Act establishes obligations of the Australian Government toward its public servants, and establishes the code of conduct to which they must adhere, including a requirement that they act apolitically, and not disseminate or exploit government information without authorization. It also establishes requirements that public servants be hired on merit. Prior to the public service act, other statutes were in force to ensure that public service selection would be on merit. Such statutes arose historically as an effort to eliminate the spoils system from democratic politics. The Act also established the office of the Australian Public Service Commissioner and the Merit Protection Commissioner as well as the Australian Public Service Commission The Australian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Service (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, the Civil Service is the permanent bureaucracy or Secretariat (administrative office), secretariat of Crown employees that supports His Majesty's Government, the Scottish Government and the Welsh Government, which is led by a Cabinet of the United Kingdom, cabinet of Minister (government), ministers chosen by the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. As in other states that employ the Westminster system, Westminster political system, the Civil Service – often known by the metonym of Whitehall – forms an inseparable part of the Government of the United Kingdom, British government. The executive decisions of government ministers are implemented by the Civil Service. Civil servants are employees of the The Crown, Crown and not of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, British parliament. Civil servants also have some traditional and Statute, statutory responsibilities which to som ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Westminster System
The Westminster system, or Westminster model, is a type of parliamentary system, parliamentary government that incorporates a series of Parliamentary procedure, procedures for operating a legislature, first developed in England. Key aspects of the system include an executive branch made up of members of the legislature which is responsible government, responsible to the legislature; the presence of parliamentary opposition parties; and a ceremonial head of state who is separate from the head of government. The term derives from the Palace of Westminster, which has been the seat of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, Westminster Parliament in England and later the United Kingdom since the 13th century. The Westminster system is often contrasted with the presidential system that originated in the United States, or with the semi-presidential system, based on the government of France. The Westminster system is used, or was once used, in the national and Administrative division, su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
