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Arvier
Arvier (Valdôtain: ' or '; frp, Arviér); is a town and ''comune'' in the Aosta Valley region of northwestern Italy. Geography Wine The local wine, Enfer d'Arvier, had its own DOC designation before being subsumed into the Valle d'Aosta DOC. It is a blend made primarily from the Petit Rouge grape with lesser amounts of Dolcetto, Gamay, Neyret, Pinot noir, and/or Vien de Nus.T. Stevenson ''"The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia"'' p. 274 Dorling Kindersley 2005 People Arvier was the birthplace of Maurice Garin, the winner of the original 1903 Tour de France, Tour de France in 1903. His family migrated to Northern France in 1885. Notes and references

Cities and towns in Aosta Valley {{Aosta-geo-stub ...
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Maurice Garin
Maurice-François Garin (; 3 March 1871 – 19 February 1957) was an Italian then French road bicycle racer best known for winning the inaugural Tour de France in 1903, and for being stripped of his title in the second Tour in 1904 along with eight others, for cheating. He was of Italian origin but adopted French nationality on 21 December 1901. Family life Garin was born the son of Maurice-Clément Garin and Maria Teresa Ozello in Arvier, in the French-speaking Aosta Valley in north-west Italy, close to the French border. The name Garin was the most common in the native village of Maurice, called "Chez-les-Garin",Les Amis de Paris-Roubaix, Manifestations, 3rd Mars, 2004, Hommage à Maurice Garin
belonging to five of the seven families ...
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Valle D'Aosta DOC
The Valle d'Aosta DOC (or Vallée d'Aoste DOC, in French) is an Italian ''denominazione di origine controllata'' located in the Aosta Valley of northwest Italy. Surrounded by the Alps, the Valle d'Aosta is home to the highest elevated vineyards in all of Europe. The principal winemaking region of the Valle d'Aosta is found along the eastern banks of the Dora Baltea ( fr., ''Doire baltée'') river with the city of Aosta serving as the central winemaking location. The region is divided into three main vineyard areas; the upper valley, Valdigne, the central valley (locally ''Valle centrale'' in Italian, ''Vallée centrale'' in French) and the lower valley, (locally ''Bassa valle'' in Italian, ''Basse vallée'' in French). To the south is the winemaking region of Piedmont. The Valle d'Aosta is Italy's smallest winemaking region both in terms of size and production with only about 330,000 cases produced annually in the region and only 36,000 cases produced under the DOC label. Seventy f ...
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Neyret
Neyret is a red Italian wine grape variety that is grown in the mountainous Valle d'Aosta wine region of northwest Italy though most plantings are in the slightly less mountainous terrain of southeast Aosta Valley bordering the Piedmont wine region.J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes'' pg 128 Oxford University Press 1996 DNA profiling has confirmed that the variety is a ''Vitis vinifera'' crossing of Mayolet and Roussin.Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) Neyret' Accessed: October 9th, 2012 DOC wines Within the all encompassing ''Denominazione di origine controllata'' (DOC) of the Valle d'Aosta region Neyret is a permitted variety in the standard red wine as well several specialized wine within the DOC. For the general Rosso and rosé wine, Neyret grapes must be harvested at a yield no greater than 12 tonnes/hectare with the finished wine attaining a minimum alcohol level of at least 9.5% and be aged at least six months prior to release.P. Saund ...
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Petit Rouge
Petit Rouge is a red Italian wine grape variety that ampelographers believe is indigenous to the Valle d'Aosta (french: Vallée d'Aoste) region of northwest Italy.J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes'' pg 136 Oxford University Press 1996 However, there is some confusion about whether Petit Rouge is the same variety as the red Swiss wine grape Rouge de Valais. J. Robinson ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' pg 210 Mitchell Beazley 1986 The grape is somewhat obscure and is not widely grown outside the Valle d'Aosta where it is primarily a blending variety but some varietal wines are produced. Oz Clarke & M. Rand ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 167 Webster International Publishers In blends, it adds floral aroma notes and dark color to the wines. Wine regions Petit Rouge is primarily found in the Valle d'Aosta region of northwest Italy between Piedmont and the Alps separating Italy from France and Switzerland. In general, altitude determines which varieties of grapes may ...
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Aosta Valley
, Valdostan or Valdotainian it, Valdostano (man) it, Valdostana (woman)french: Valdôtain (man)french: Valdôtaine (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = Official languages , population_blank1 = Italian French , demographics_type1 = Citizenship , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = Italian , demographics1_info1 = 95% , demographics1_title2 = , demographics1_info2 = , demographics1_title3 = , demographics1_info3 = , timezone1 = CET , utc_offset1 = +1 , timezone1_DST = CEST , utc_offset1_DST = +2 , postal_code_type = , postal_code = , area_code_type = ISO 3166 code , area_code = IT-23 , blank_name_sec1 = GDP (nominal) , blank_info_sec1 = €4.9 billion (2018) , blank1_name_sec1 = GDP per capita , blank1_info_sec1 = €38,900 (2018) , blank2_name_sec1 = H ...
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Gamay
Gamay is a purple-colored grape variety used to make red wines, most notably grown in Beaujolais and in the Loire_Valley_(wine), Loire Valley around Tours. Its full name is Gamay Noir à Jus Blanc. It is a very old cultivar, mentioned as long ago as the 15th century. It has been often cultivated because it makes for abundant production; however, it can produce wines of distinction when planted on acidic soils, which help to soften the grape's naturally high acidity. History The Gamay grape is thought to have appeared first in the village of the Gamay, south of Beaune, in the 1360s. The grape brought relief to the village growers following the decline of the Black Death. In contrast to the Pinot noir variety, Gamay ripened two weeks earlier and was easier to cultivate. It also produced a strong, fruitier wine in a much larger abundance. In July 1395, the Duke of Burgundy Philippe the Bold outlawed the cultivation of the grape, referring to it as the "disloyal Gaamez" that in s ...
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The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia
''The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia'' is a reference work on wine written by Tom Stevenson and published since 1988 by Dorling Kindersley, selling over 600,000 copies in 14 languages.''The Sotheby’s Wine Encyclopedia'', 2007 edition ''The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia'' has a stated aim to map and describe "every appellation, official and unofficial",''The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia'', 2005 edition of which there were more than 4,000 in total by 1997,''The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia'', 1997 edition making it an industry standard wine reference and required reading for the Master of Wine, Master Sommelier and Cape Wine Master examinations. The contents include hard data, technical information, tables and ancillary explanations are compartmentalized from the flow of mainstream text, with profiles of nearly 2,000 wineries, and recommendation of more than 6,000 producers. Frequently compared to ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', ''The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia'' along with '' The Wor ...
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Vien De Nus
Vien may refer to: * Vien (name) * Vien (Hasidic community) * Vien (Rabbinical dynasty) See also * Viens (other) * Vein (other) A vein is a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart. Vein may also refer to: Science *Vein (botany), vascular tissue in the leaves * Wing vein, a supporting structure in insect wings * Vein (geology), a tabular body of minerals distinct ...
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Pinot Noir
Pinot Noir () is a red-wine grape variety of the species ''Vitis vinifera''. The name may also refer to wines created predominantly from pinot noir grapes. The name is derived from the French language, French words for ''pine'' and ''black.'' The word ''pine'' alludes to the grape variety having tightly clustered, pinecone–shaped bunches of fruit. Pinot Noir grapes are grown around the world, mostly in cooler climates, and the grape is chiefly associated with the Burgundy (wine), Burgundy region of France (wine), France. Pinot Noir is now used to make red wines around the world, as well as champagne, Sparkling wine, sparkling white wines such as the Italian wine, Italian Franciacorta, and Wine from the United Kingdom, English sparkling wines. Regions that have gained a reputation for red pinot noir wines include the Willamette Valley (wine), Willamette Valley of Oregon (wine), Oregon; the Carneros (AVA), Carneros, Central Coast (AVA), Central Coast, Sonoma Coast AVA, Sonoma ...
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Sulpitius The Pious
Sulpitius (or Sulpicius) the Pious (; died 17 January 644) was a 7th-century bishop of Bourges and saint. Life According to his ''Vita'', Sulpitius was born at Vatan ( Diocese of Bourges), of noble parents, before the end of the sixth century. From his youth he devoted himself to good works and to the study of Scripture, and donated his large patrimony to the Church and the poor. Austregisilus, Bishop of Bourges, ordained him cleric of his church, then deacon, and finally made him director of his episcopal school. Clotaire II (King of the Franks from 613 to 629), who had heard of his merits, summoned him and made him almoner and chaplain of his armies. Upon the death of Bishop Austregisilus (c. 624) Sulpicious was recalled to Bourges to succeed him. Thenceforth he labored with much zeal and success to re-establish ecclesiastical discipline, for the relief of the poor. In 626 Sulpitius attended the Council of Clichy and held several others with the bishops of his provinc ...
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Dolcetto
Dolcetto ( , , ) is a black Italian wine grape variety widely grown in the Piedmont region of northwest Italy. The Italian word ''dolcetto'' means "little sweet one", but it is not certain that the name originally carried any reference to the grape’s sugar levels: it is possible that it derives from the name of the hills where the vine is cultivated. In any case the wines produced are nearly always dry. They can be tannic and fruity with moderate, or decidedly low, levels of acidity and are typically meant to be consumed within a few years after release.O. Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 86 Harcourt Books 2001 History One theory suggests the grape originated in France and was brought to Monferrato some time in the 11th century.J. Robinson ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' pg 209 Mitchell Beazley Publishing 1986 A competing theory has the grape originating in the Piedmontese village of Dogliani.K. MacNeil ''The Wine Bible'' pg 332 Workman Publishing 2001 In 1593, an ordinan ...
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Municipio Di Arvier
' (, ) and ' () are country subdivisions in Italy and several Hispanophone and Lusophone nations, respectively. They are often translated as "municipality". In the English language, a municipality often is defined as relating to a single city or town; however, in Spanish, the term "municipio" may not mean a single city or town, but rather a jurisdiction housing several towns and cities, like a township, county, borough or civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority .... The Italian term "municipalità" refers either to a single city or a group of cities and towns in a township, but Portuguese usage of the term is almost entirely restricted to a cluster of cities or towns like in a county, township and so forth. However, in Brazil, a Municipio is an independent city & ...
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